This paper presents an account of model design, steady state simulation and a CFD analysis of three heat exchangers namely, double pipe heat exchanger, shell and tube heat exchanger and transverse fin type heat exchanger in order to evaluate their performance under a common parameter. The objective of this research work is to select the appropriate heat exchanger for exchange of excess heat from a liquid rheostat which controls the speed of an AC motor coupled to the fans of an open circuit wind tunnel. Five models in each of the three heat exchangers were designed and its pressure drop was calculated. This helped in determining the best model for further analysis. Each model from the three heat exchangers was analysed and parameters like temperature, pressure and velocity were compared.
Design, fabrication and heat transfer study of green house dryer 2IAEME Publication
This document summarizes a study that designed, fabricated, and tested a greenhouse dryer to dry crops using solar energy. Experiments were conducted to dry bitter melon using both open-air drying and greenhouse drying. Measurements of solar intensity, humidity, temperature, air velocity, and moisture removal rate were recorded over time. The data was used to determine the convective heat transfer coefficient for both drying methods. It was found that the convective heat transfer coefficient was lower for greenhouse drying than open-air drying, especially at the beginning of the drying process. However, greenhouse drying helps prevent moisture loss and allows crops to be dried year-round.
IRJET- A Reviw on Different Geometrical Fins and their Effect on Heat Tra...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on different geometric fin designs and their effect on heat transfer rates. It discusses how fins are used to increase surface area and improve heat transfer. Various fin geometries are described including longitudinal, radial, and pin fins. The performance of fins is evaluated using metrics like fin effectiveness and efficiency. Higher thermal conductivity materials, thinner fins with closer spacing, and conditions with lower heat transfer coefficients can improve fin performance. The document reviews several studies on topics like annular fins, dimpled pin fins, and modeling transient heat transfer in piston bore fins.
Investigation of Heat Dissipation in Petrol Engine Cylinder during Explosion ...IJARTES
The current work determines the rate of heat flow
from an engine cylinder. The heat addition during the heat
addition stage or during explosion is determined by using the
classical equations. The heat dissipation from the cylinder is
enhanced by the fins provided around the cylinder. The results
which are obtained are validated with the finite element
analysis software ANSYS APDL. A study is conducted by
considering various materials to obtain optimum material
selection to enhance the better flow of heat from the system.
Thermal analysis of water cooled charge air cooler in turbo charged diesel en...eSAT Journals
This document analyzes the thermal performance of a water-cooled charge air cooler used in a turbocharged diesel engine. It describes the components and working of air-cooled and water-cooled charge air coolers. It then analyzes the performance of a plate fin heat exchanger model of the water-cooled charge air cooler by calculating various parameters using correlations. The results obtained by varying the hot air flow rate show that the Colburn-j factor and friction factor decrease while heat transfer coefficient, overall heat transfer coefficient increase with Reynolds number, and effectiveness decreases with increasing air mass flow rate.
Theoretical investigations on standing wave thermoacoustic prime mover using ...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
This document summarizes a research paper that analyzed heat transfer in an economizer using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). It discussed how fins can be added to economizer tubes to increase the heat transfer surface area between flue gases and boiler feedwater. The document reviewed previous research on economizer design optimization and failures. It described the working of CFD analysis using equations of continuity, momentum, and energy to model fluid flow. The study used the k-ε turbulence model in CFD software to analyze heat transfer with and without fins on an economizer.
IRJET-Performance Analysis of Solar Air Heater with Different Absorber Materi...IRJET Journal
1) The document compares the performance of two types of solar air heaters - one with a toughened glass absorber plate and the other with a GI (galvanized iron) absorber plate.
2) Experimental results showed that the efficiency of the solar air heater with the toughened glass plate was higher than the one with the GI plate. The air temperature achieved was also higher with the toughened glass plate.
3) Efficiency increased with higher air velocities for both types of heaters but the toughened glass plate design performed better overall according to the analysis.
COST MINIMIZATION OF SHELL AND TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER USING NON-TRADITIONAL OPTI...IAEME Publication
This document describes a study that uses four non-traditional optimization algorithms (genetic algorithm, simulated annealing, pattern search, and fmincon algorithm) to minimize the total cost of a shell and tube heat exchanger. The algorithms vary design variables like tube length, diameter, pitch size, and baffle spacing to minimize capital costs and discounted annual energy costs related to pumping. A computer code was developed to apply the optimization methods for optimal heat exchanger design. Results from the different algorithms were compared to evaluate their effectiveness in minimizing costs.
Design, fabrication and heat transfer study of green house dryer 2IAEME Publication
This document summarizes a study that designed, fabricated, and tested a greenhouse dryer to dry crops using solar energy. Experiments were conducted to dry bitter melon using both open-air drying and greenhouse drying. Measurements of solar intensity, humidity, temperature, air velocity, and moisture removal rate were recorded over time. The data was used to determine the convective heat transfer coefficient for both drying methods. It was found that the convective heat transfer coefficient was lower for greenhouse drying than open-air drying, especially at the beginning of the drying process. However, greenhouse drying helps prevent moisture loss and allows crops to be dried year-round.
IRJET- A Reviw on Different Geometrical Fins and their Effect on Heat Tra...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on different geometric fin designs and their effect on heat transfer rates. It discusses how fins are used to increase surface area and improve heat transfer. Various fin geometries are described including longitudinal, radial, and pin fins. The performance of fins is evaluated using metrics like fin effectiveness and efficiency. Higher thermal conductivity materials, thinner fins with closer spacing, and conditions with lower heat transfer coefficients can improve fin performance. The document reviews several studies on topics like annular fins, dimpled pin fins, and modeling transient heat transfer in piston bore fins.
Investigation of Heat Dissipation in Petrol Engine Cylinder during Explosion ...IJARTES
The current work determines the rate of heat flow
from an engine cylinder. The heat addition during the heat
addition stage or during explosion is determined by using the
classical equations. The heat dissipation from the cylinder is
enhanced by the fins provided around the cylinder. The results
which are obtained are validated with the finite element
analysis software ANSYS APDL. A study is conducted by
considering various materials to obtain optimum material
selection to enhance the better flow of heat from the system.
Thermal analysis of water cooled charge air cooler in turbo charged diesel en...eSAT Journals
This document analyzes the thermal performance of a water-cooled charge air cooler used in a turbocharged diesel engine. It describes the components and working of air-cooled and water-cooled charge air coolers. It then analyzes the performance of a plate fin heat exchanger model of the water-cooled charge air cooler by calculating various parameters using correlations. The results obtained by varying the hot air flow rate show that the Colburn-j factor and friction factor decrease while heat transfer coefficient, overall heat transfer coefficient increase with Reynolds number, and effectiveness decreases with increasing air mass flow rate.
Theoretical investigations on standing wave thermoacoustic prime mover using ...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
This document summarizes a research paper that analyzed heat transfer in an economizer using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). It discussed how fins can be added to economizer tubes to increase the heat transfer surface area between flue gases and boiler feedwater. The document reviewed previous research on economizer design optimization and failures. It described the working of CFD analysis using equations of continuity, momentum, and energy to model fluid flow. The study used the k-ε turbulence model in CFD software to analyze heat transfer with and without fins on an economizer.
IRJET-Performance Analysis of Solar Air Heater with Different Absorber Materi...IRJET Journal
1) The document compares the performance of two types of solar air heaters - one with a toughened glass absorber plate and the other with a GI (galvanized iron) absorber plate.
2) Experimental results showed that the efficiency of the solar air heater with the toughened glass plate was higher than the one with the GI plate. The air temperature achieved was also higher with the toughened glass plate.
3) Efficiency increased with higher air velocities for both types of heaters but the toughened glass plate design performed better overall according to the analysis.
COST MINIMIZATION OF SHELL AND TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER USING NON-TRADITIONAL OPTI...IAEME Publication
This document describes a study that uses four non-traditional optimization algorithms (genetic algorithm, simulated annealing, pattern search, and fmincon algorithm) to minimize the total cost of a shell and tube heat exchanger. The algorithms vary design variables like tube length, diameter, pitch size, and baffle spacing to minimize capital costs and discounted annual energy costs related to pumping. A computer code was developed to apply the optimization methods for optimal heat exchanger design. Results from the different algorithms were compared to evaluate their effectiveness in minimizing costs.
Application of Pinch Technology in Refrigerator Condenser Optimization by Usi...ijtsrd
Refrigeration is the major application area of thermodynamics, in which the heat is transferred to higher temperature region from a lower temperature region. Refrigerators are the devices which produce refrigeration and the refrigerators which operate on the cycles are called refrigeration cycles. Pinch technology and computational fluid dynamics CFD is key for study the condenser and enhance the better option for new design. Pinch Analysis also known as process integration, heat integration, energy integration, or pinch technology is method for minimizing the energy costs of a process by reusing the heat energy in the process streams rather than outside utilities. Mr. Mayur B. Ramteke | Prof. S. K. Bawne "Application of Pinch Technology in Refrigerator Condenser Optimization by Using CFD" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd46440.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/46440/application-of-pinch-technology-in-refrigerator-condenser-optimization-by-using-cfd/mr-mayur-b-ramteke
This document summarizes a study analyzing weather conditions in major Indian cities to determine appropriate rating conditions for HVAC equipment. The study found that current AHRI rating temperatures do not adequately cover hourly conditions in Indian cities, on average covering only 95.33% of hours. Analysis of weather data from representative cities in each climatic zone showed variances from zone to zone and between cities. The study concludes there is a need to revise HVAC equipment rating standards specific to Indian climatic conditions to better match actual weather profiles. Future work would extend the analysis to other HVAC equipment and part load performance coefficients.
A study on the edm of al7075+3 wt%sic+3wt% b4c hybrid mmceSAT Journals
Abstract The objective of the project is to investigate the effect of current, pulse on time and pulse off time. For the proposed work Material removal rate (MRR) and Tool wear rate (TWR) were chosen as responses and Current, Pulse on time and pulse off time were chosen as process parameters. Hybrid Aluminium Silicon Carbide (Al 7075 + 3wt. % of SiCp+ 3wt. % of B4C) is used as work material and copper is used as tool material. Design of experiment technique is employed for the experimentation. The mathematical models are prepared by Response Surface Methodology (RSM) technique and Box Behnken Design (BBD) is selected to design the matrix for different combination of process parameters. After completion of the experiments analysis was done using analysis of variance (ANOVA) for 90% confidence level. Keywords: Current, Pulse on time, Pulse off time, Material removal rate (MRR), Tool wear rate (TWR), Design of experiments (DOE), Response surface methodology (RSM), Box-Behken design (BBD), Analysis of variance (ANOVA).
Thermal analysis of a gas turbine cycle for a turbojet engineIAEME Publication
This document summarizes a study on the thermal analysis of a single spool turbojet engine cycle. It describes the modeling of key engine components like the atmospheric model, gas model, diffuser, compressor, combustion chamber, and gas turbine. Equations are provided for component mass and energy balances. The analysis considers turbine blade cooling using transpiration techniques. Software was developed in C++ to predict engine parameters at varying operating conditions. The goal of the study was to better understand turbojet engine performance through detailed thermodynamic modeling and analysis.
This document summarizes the results of a thermal analysis of a gas turbine power plant to improve performance efficiency. The analysis considers three gas turbine cycles: simple cycle, intercooled cycle, and regenerative cycle. For the intercooled cycle, the analysis found that thermal efficiency increases with higher intercooler effectiveness and decreases with higher ambient temperature. Compressor work also decreases with higher intercooler effectiveness. For the regenerative cycle, thermal efficiency decreases with higher ambient temperature and lower regenerator effectiveness. The regenerative cycle has higher thermal efficiency than the simple cycle under the same operating conditions. The analysis provides equations to calculate key performance parameters for optimizing efficiency.
Thermal Characteristics of Different Shaped Fin Protracted Heat Exchanger in ...YogeshIJTSRD
The current presents looks at exhaust gases potential to recover low grade waste heat energy from internal combustion engines ICEs . A Prolonged Fin Counter Flow Heat Exchange PFCHE double tube was planned, analyzed, and supplied with water as working fluids to achieve this objective. The structure of a double pipe, Protracted Fin Heat Exchanger PFCHE , which performs a simulation study, is derived with exact measurements from one by Rajesh Ravi et al. 2020 research scholar, and then different shapes of the fin profiles were introduced in the designs suggested. The Fluent 17.0 is used for numerical analysis. The CFD results showing that the PFCHE with triangular fin outperforms the PFCHE with circular fin, and previous studies by Rajesh Ravi et al. 2020 showing that the PFCHE with triangular fin outperforms the PFCHE with circular fin. When compared to the PFCHE with circular fin, the PFCHE net heat transfer rate is 1.76 percent higher and 2.82 percent higher than Rajesh Ravi et al. 2020 report. Prof. Ranjeet Arya | Rahul Ade "Thermal Characteristics of Different Shaped Fin Protracted Heat Exchanger in Diesel Engine Exhaust using CFD" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-3 , April 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd39939.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/39939/thermal-characteristics-of-different-shaped-fin-protracted-heat-exchanger-in-diesel-engine-exhaust-using-cfd/prof-ranjeet-arya
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
This thesis analyzes the performance of a steam jet ejector chiller solar cooling system installed at Hochschule Karlsruhe during the summer of 2015. Key findings include:
1) The system operated reliably on days with temperatures under 32°C and provided the desired building cooling, though average cooling capacity was lower than the chiller's nominal rating.
2) Data analysis software was developed to evaluate seasonal performance indicators like collectors' yield, utilization factor, and COP values.
3) Over the summer, 25 operative days provided a total of 3,951 kWh of useful cooling while consuming 1,226 kWh of electricity. Thermal and electrical COP were 0.36 and 3.22 respectively
Design and Simulation of Power Turbine for Micro Organic Rankine Cycle Thermo...rahulmonikasharma
A miniature power turbine for the micro Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) system is designed in this paper. In order to judge the aerodynamic performance of the power turbine system, the PROE software is used to model the main components of the turbine, and the TURBO tool of ANSYS GAMBIT is used to carry out the finite element meshing, and the thermal performance of refrigerant is written by UDF of FLUENT 6.3 software, then aerodynamic simulation is carried by FLUENT 6.3 software. The results show that the designed aerodynamic performance is good, and the kinetic energy efficiency is 73.86% under the stable condition.
Theoritical investigations of injection pressure in a four stroke di diesel e...IAEME Publication
This document discusses theoretical investigations of injection pressure in a four-stroke diesel engine using alcohol as fuel. A computer program was developed to simulate the engine's performance with diesel and at different alcohol injection pressures ranging from 180 to 160 bar. The results showed that an injection pressure of 165 bar for alcohol produced higher brake thermal efficiency and indicated thermal efficiency that were closest to diesel fuel. It was concluded that alcohol can be used in diesel engines with an injection pressure of 165 bar as it allows an optimum amount of alcohol to be injected while compensating for alcohol's low viscosity.
Fabrication and CFD Analysis of Cylindrical Heat Sink Having Longitudinal Fin...IRJET Journal
This document describes a study on the effects of adding rectangular notches to the fins of a cylindrical heat sink. A cylindrical heat sink with longitudinal aluminum fins was fabricated, with fins containing notches of varying sizes (10%, 20%, and 30% of the fin area) and configurations (with and without compensating for the removed notch area). Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis and experimental testing were performed to analyze heat transfer and air flow over heat sinks with different fin notch variations. The results showed that heat transfer increased for heat sinks with 10% and 20% notches compared to a plane fin heat sink, but decreased for heat sinks with 30% notches. CFD analysis of the different designs provided data on pressure
Finite Element Analysis of Single Point Cutting ToolIJMER
In this project, temperature at tool-tip interface is determined, generated in high-speed machining operations. Specifically, three different analyses are comparing to an experimental measurement of temperature in a machining process at slow speed, medium speed and at high speed. In addition, three analyses are done of a High Speed Steel and of a Carbide Tip Tool machining process at three different cutting speeds, in order to compare to experimental results produced as part of this study. An investigation of heat generation in cutting tool is performed by varying cutting parameters at the suitable cutting tool geometry. The experimental results reveal that the main factors responsible for increasing cutting temperature are cutting speed (v), feed rate (f), and depth of cut (d), respectively. It is also determined that change in cutting speed and depth of cut has the maximum effect on increasing cutting temperature. Various researches have been undertaken in measuring the temperatures generated during cutting operations. Investigators made attempt to measure these cutting temperatures with various techniques during machining.
In this project, “Fluke 62 max IR thermometer” (Range -40 0C to 650 0C) is used for measuring temperature at tool-tip interface. Single point cutting tool has been solid modeled by using CAD Modeler Pro/E and FEA carried out by using ANSYS Workbench 14.5. Experimental work is done at “Khushi Engineering”, Nagpur.
By varying various parameters the effect of those on temperature are compared with the experimental results and FEA results. After comparison nearly 4% variation is found in between the results.
HEAT TRANSFER DURING MULTI SWIRL JET IMPINGEMENT: EXPERIMENTATIONIAEME Publication
Of the Active Cooling Techniques, Jet impingement achieves high localized heat
transfer rates. Introduction of swirl is one of the methods of augmentation of heat
transfer rates. The current work aims at verifying the expression derived in our
previous work experimentally. Three cases, for which simulations were performed
previously, are executed. The required ducts are manufactured by additive
manufacturing. Thermistors are used for measuring temperatures. Anemometer is
used to monitor air flow rates. Smoke tests are executed to demonstrate the generation
of swirl and then experimentation is executed to study the heat transfer
characteristics. The experimental results are in agreement with those of simulation
results
IRJET- Jet Impingement Heat Transfer – A ReviewIRJET Journal
This document reviews research on jet impingement heat transfer. Jet impingement involves directing a jet of fluid at a surface and is an effective method for transferring heat. It has various industrial applications like cooling electronics and turbine blades. The review examines factors that influence heat transfer like jet geometry, cross flow effects, and frequency. It summarizes studies on single and multiple jet impingement, and the effects of parameters like Reynolds number. Conjugate heat transfer involving solid-fluid interaction is also discussed. The review provides an overview of research conducted on jet impingement heat transfer.
This document summarizes a study that used computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to investigate how varying the radius, height, and other dimensions of a solar chimney tower and chimney affect the efficiency and mass flow rate of a solar chimney power plant. The study created axisymmetric models of different plant designs in CFX software and solved conservation equations to simulate air flow and heat transfer. Results showed that chimney height and tower outlet radius are important parameters for improving power output. Optimal dimensions were identified. Contour plots showed changes in pressure, temperature, and velocity with different designs. The study concludes dimension choices involve economic tradeoffs between higher output power and construction costs.
This document summarizes an experimental study on the effect of fluid flow rate on the performance of a parallel flow plate heat exchanger. The study was conducted using a plate heat exchanger with water as the working fluid stationed at Landmark University. Experimental results including temperature distribution, flow rates, Reynolds numbers, and Nusselt numbers were analyzed to determine the heat exchanger's thermal performance measures like overall heat transfer coefficient. The researchers found that increasing the hot fluid's flow rate more quickly than the cold fluid increases efficiency. Heat transfer coefficient also increases with Reynolds and Nusselt numbers, indicating more turbulent flow and higher heat transfer rates. Future work could involve computational modeling to determine temperature distributions and investigate a counter-current flow arrangement
This document presents a comparative study of the thermodynamic and economic performance of three organic Rankine cycle (ORC) configurations - a basic ORC, a regenerative ORC (RORC), and a two-stage evaporation ORC (TSEORC) - for geothermal electricity production in developed and developing countries. The study optimizes operating parameters of the cycles using different methods and evaluates economic performance based on levelized cost of electricity, return on investment, and payback period for 20 countries with geothermal resources. The results show that a TSEORC with working fluid R123 has the highest return on investment and shortest payback period for Australia, while basic ORC with R134a and R
CFD Analysis of Plate Fin Tube Heat Exchanger for Various Fin InclinationsIJERA Editor
ANSYS Fluent software is used for three dimensional CFD simulations to investigate heat transfer and fluid flow characteristics of six different fin angles with plain fin tube heat exchangers. The numerical simulation of the fin tube heat exchanger was performed by using a three dimensional numerical computation technique. Geometry of model is created and meshed by using ANSYS Workbench software. To solve the equation for the fluid flow and heat transfer analysis ANSYS FLUENT was used in the fin-tube heat exchanger. The fluid flow and heat transfer are simulated and result compared for both laminar and turbulent flow models k-epsilon and SST k-omega, with steady state solvers to calculate heat transfer, flow velocity and temperature fields of variable inclined fin angles (Ɵ = 00,100 , 200, 300, 400,500). Model is validate by comparing the simulated value of velocity, temperature and colburn factor with experimental and numerical results investigated by WANG [1] and GHORI KIRAR [10]. Reasonable agreement is found between the simulations and other results, and the ANSYS Fluent software is sufficient for simulating the flow fields in tube fin heat exchanger.
IRJET - Numerical Analysis of Overall Heat Transfer Co-Efficient in Tube in T...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a numerical analysis of the overall heat transfer coefficient in a tube-in-tube helical coil heat exchanger. A helical coil heat exchanger was modeled and analyzed using ANSYS software to determine the effects of varying mass flow rate and pitch on the overall heat transfer coefficient. The results showed that increasing the mass flow rate increased the overall heat transfer coefficient, while increasing the pitch decreased the overall heat transfer coefficient. Therefore, it is important to select an optimal pitch or other design parameters to achieve good heat transfer performance in such a heat exchanger.
Iris Publishers- Journal of Engineering Sciences | Performance and Design Opt...IrisPublishers
The aim of this work is to optimize the design and performance of solar powered γ Stirling engine based on genetic algorithm (GA). A second-order mathematical model which includes thermal losses coupled with genetic algorithm GA has been developed and used to find the best values for different design variables. The physical geometry of the γ Stirling engine has been used as an objective variable in the genetic algorithm GA to determine the optimal parameters. The design geometry of the heat exchanger was considered to be the objective variable. The heater slots height, heater effective length, cooler slots height, cooler effective length, re-generator foil unrolled length and re-generator effective length are assumed to be the objective variables. Also, three different types of working fluids have been used in the model simulation to investigate the effect of the different working fluid on the engine performance. The comparison between the results obtained from the simulation by using the original parameters and the results from the optimized parameters when the engine was powered by solar energy; the higher temperature was 923 K applied to the working fluid when the air, helium, and hydrogen were used as working fluid. The engine power increases from 140.58 watts to 228.54 watts, and it is enhanced by approximately 50%, when the heating temperature is 923 K and the air is used as working fluid. The result showed that the working temperature is one of the most important parameters; because the output power increases by increasing of the hot side temperature.
This paper presents the life estimation of the diffuser structure. Literature shows that the welds are the source of failure in case of welded structure; hence the estimation of its life is very critical. There are two kinds of methods for life estimation stress life approach and strain life approach which have been validated for simple problems. Stress life approach was identified as appropriate for life estimation of the variable diffuser. There are papers indicating the methodology for life estimation using commercial software for life prediction. Here, Optistruct- Hyper-Works for pre-processing and solver and Hyper-View- Hyper-Works for post processing has been used for the indeterminate structure, complex loading and boundary condition. The mathematical model subjected to the variable pressure contours for a particular Mach No., with the gimbal joint boundary condition at the test section end and the roller support at the other end. In this paper stress and fatigue analysis of the variable diffuser has been carried out and life of the variable diffuser has been estimated.
Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) - Approach to study Incompressible Boundar...AM Publications
In turbulence models we create mathematical models that describe the flow properties of a flowing fluid. A turbulence model is a computational procedure to close the system of mean flow equations and so that a more or less wide variety of flow problems can be calculated. However, far less precision has been achieved in creating a mathematical model that approximates the physical behavior of turbulent flows. Reynolds stress model is used to get the flow behavior and compared with the theoretical solution and the inferences are drawn.
Application of Pinch Technology in Refrigerator Condenser Optimization by Usi...ijtsrd
Refrigeration is the major application area of thermodynamics, in which the heat is transferred to higher temperature region from a lower temperature region. Refrigerators are the devices which produce refrigeration and the refrigerators which operate on the cycles are called refrigeration cycles. Pinch technology and computational fluid dynamics CFD is key for study the condenser and enhance the better option for new design. Pinch Analysis also known as process integration, heat integration, energy integration, or pinch technology is method for minimizing the energy costs of a process by reusing the heat energy in the process streams rather than outside utilities. Mr. Mayur B. Ramteke | Prof. S. K. Bawne "Application of Pinch Technology in Refrigerator Condenser Optimization by Using CFD" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd46440.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/46440/application-of-pinch-technology-in-refrigerator-condenser-optimization-by-using-cfd/mr-mayur-b-ramteke
This document summarizes a study analyzing weather conditions in major Indian cities to determine appropriate rating conditions for HVAC equipment. The study found that current AHRI rating temperatures do not adequately cover hourly conditions in Indian cities, on average covering only 95.33% of hours. Analysis of weather data from representative cities in each climatic zone showed variances from zone to zone and between cities. The study concludes there is a need to revise HVAC equipment rating standards specific to Indian climatic conditions to better match actual weather profiles. Future work would extend the analysis to other HVAC equipment and part load performance coefficients.
A study on the edm of al7075+3 wt%sic+3wt% b4c hybrid mmceSAT Journals
Abstract The objective of the project is to investigate the effect of current, pulse on time and pulse off time. For the proposed work Material removal rate (MRR) and Tool wear rate (TWR) were chosen as responses and Current, Pulse on time and pulse off time were chosen as process parameters. Hybrid Aluminium Silicon Carbide (Al 7075 + 3wt. % of SiCp+ 3wt. % of B4C) is used as work material and copper is used as tool material. Design of experiment technique is employed for the experimentation. The mathematical models are prepared by Response Surface Methodology (RSM) technique and Box Behnken Design (BBD) is selected to design the matrix for different combination of process parameters. After completion of the experiments analysis was done using analysis of variance (ANOVA) for 90% confidence level. Keywords: Current, Pulse on time, Pulse off time, Material removal rate (MRR), Tool wear rate (TWR), Design of experiments (DOE), Response surface methodology (RSM), Box-Behken design (BBD), Analysis of variance (ANOVA).
Thermal analysis of a gas turbine cycle for a turbojet engineIAEME Publication
This document summarizes a study on the thermal analysis of a single spool turbojet engine cycle. It describes the modeling of key engine components like the atmospheric model, gas model, diffuser, compressor, combustion chamber, and gas turbine. Equations are provided for component mass and energy balances. The analysis considers turbine blade cooling using transpiration techniques. Software was developed in C++ to predict engine parameters at varying operating conditions. The goal of the study was to better understand turbojet engine performance through detailed thermodynamic modeling and analysis.
This document summarizes the results of a thermal analysis of a gas turbine power plant to improve performance efficiency. The analysis considers three gas turbine cycles: simple cycle, intercooled cycle, and regenerative cycle. For the intercooled cycle, the analysis found that thermal efficiency increases with higher intercooler effectiveness and decreases with higher ambient temperature. Compressor work also decreases with higher intercooler effectiveness. For the regenerative cycle, thermal efficiency decreases with higher ambient temperature and lower regenerator effectiveness. The regenerative cycle has higher thermal efficiency than the simple cycle under the same operating conditions. The analysis provides equations to calculate key performance parameters for optimizing efficiency.
Thermal Characteristics of Different Shaped Fin Protracted Heat Exchanger in ...YogeshIJTSRD
The current presents looks at exhaust gases potential to recover low grade waste heat energy from internal combustion engines ICEs . A Prolonged Fin Counter Flow Heat Exchange PFCHE double tube was planned, analyzed, and supplied with water as working fluids to achieve this objective. The structure of a double pipe, Protracted Fin Heat Exchanger PFCHE , which performs a simulation study, is derived with exact measurements from one by Rajesh Ravi et al. 2020 research scholar, and then different shapes of the fin profiles were introduced in the designs suggested. The Fluent 17.0 is used for numerical analysis. The CFD results showing that the PFCHE with triangular fin outperforms the PFCHE with circular fin, and previous studies by Rajesh Ravi et al. 2020 showing that the PFCHE with triangular fin outperforms the PFCHE with circular fin. When compared to the PFCHE with circular fin, the PFCHE net heat transfer rate is 1.76 percent higher and 2.82 percent higher than Rajesh Ravi et al. 2020 report. Prof. Ranjeet Arya | Rahul Ade "Thermal Characteristics of Different Shaped Fin Protracted Heat Exchanger in Diesel Engine Exhaust using CFD" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-3 , April 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd39939.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/39939/thermal-characteristics-of-different-shaped-fin-protracted-heat-exchanger-in-diesel-engine-exhaust-using-cfd/prof-ranjeet-arya
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
This thesis analyzes the performance of a steam jet ejector chiller solar cooling system installed at Hochschule Karlsruhe during the summer of 2015. Key findings include:
1) The system operated reliably on days with temperatures under 32°C and provided the desired building cooling, though average cooling capacity was lower than the chiller's nominal rating.
2) Data analysis software was developed to evaluate seasonal performance indicators like collectors' yield, utilization factor, and COP values.
3) Over the summer, 25 operative days provided a total of 3,951 kWh of useful cooling while consuming 1,226 kWh of electricity. Thermal and electrical COP were 0.36 and 3.22 respectively
Design and Simulation of Power Turbine for Micro Organic Rankine Cycle Thermo...rahulmonikasharma
A miniature power turbine for the micro Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) system is designed in this paper. In order to judge the aerodynamic performance of the power turbine system, the PROE software is used to model the main components of the turbine, and the TURBO tool of ANSYS GAMBIT is used to carry out the finite element meshing, and the thermal performance of refrigerant is written by UDF of FLUENT 6.3 software, then aerodynamic simulation is carried by FLUENT 6.3 software. The results show that the designed aerodynamic performance is good, and the kinetic energy efficiency is 73.86% under the stable condition.
Theoritical investigations of injection pressure in a four stroke di diesel e...IAEME Publication
This document discusses theoretical investigations of injection pressure in a four-stroke diesel engine using alcohol as fuel. A computer program was developed to simulate the engine's performance with diesel and at different alcohol injection pressures ranging from 180 to 160 bar. The results showed that an injection pressure of 165 bar for alcohol produced higher brake thermal efficiency and indicated thermal efficiency that were closest to diesel fuel. It was concluded that alcohol can be used in diesel engines with an injection pressure of 165 bar as it allows an optimum amount of alcohol to be injected while compensating for alcohol's low viscosity.
Fabrication and CFD Analysis of Cylindrical Heat Sink Having Longitudinal Fin...IRJET Journal
This document describes a study on the effects of adding rectangular notches to the fins of a cylindrical heat sink. A cylindrical heat sink with longitudinal aluminum fins was fabricated, with fins containing notches of varying sizes (10%, 20%, and 30% of the fin area) and configurations (with and without compensating for the removed notch area). Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis and experimental testing were performed to analyze heat transfer and air flow over heat sinks with different fin notch variations. The results showed that heat transfer increased for heat sinks with 10% and 20% notches compared to a plane fin heat sink, but decreased for heat sinks with 30% notches. CFD analysis of the different designs provided data on pressure
Finite Element Analysis of Single Point Cutting ToolIJMER
In this project, temperature at tool-tip interface is determined, generated in high-speed machining operations. Specifically, three different analyses are comparing to an experimental measurement of temperature in a machining process at slow speed, medium speed and at high speed. In addition, three analyses are done of a High Speed Steel and of a Carbide Tip Tool machining process at three different cutting speeds, in order to compare to experimental results produced as part of this study. An investigation of heat generation in cutting tool is performed by varying cutting parameters at the suitable cutting tool geometry. The experimental results reveal that the main factors responsible for increasing cutting temperature are cutting speed (v), feed rate (f), and depth of cut (d), respectively. It is also determined that change in cutting speed and depth of cut has the maximum effect on increasing cutting temperature. Various researches have been undertaken in measuring the temperatures generated during cutting operations. Investigators made attempt to measure these cutting temperatures with various techniques during machining.
In this project, “Fluke 62 max IR thermometer” (Range -40 0C to 650 0C) is used for measuring temperature at tool-tip interface. Single point cutting tool has been solid modeled by using CAD Modeler Pro/E and FEA carried out by using ANSYS Workbench 14.5. Experimental work is done at “Khushi Engineering”, Nagpur.
By varying various parameters the effect of those on temperature are compared with the experimental results and FEA results. After comparison nearly 4% variation is found in between the results.
HEAT TRANSFER DURING MULTI SWIRL JET IMPINGEMENT: EXPERIMENTATIONIAEME Publication
Of the Active Cooling Techniques, Jet impingement achieves high localized heat
transfer rates. Introduction of swirl is one of the methods of augmentation of heat
transfer rates. The current work aims at verifying the expression derived in our
previous work experimentally. Three cases, for which simulations were performed
previously, are executed. The required ducts are manufactured by additive
manufacturing. Thermistors are used for measuring temperatures. Anemometer is
used to monitor air flow rates. Smoke tests are executed to demonstrate the generation
of swirl and then experimentation is executed to study the heat transfer
characteristics. The experimental results are in agreement with those of simulation
results
IRJET- Jet Impingement Heat Transfer – A ReviewIRJET Journal
This document reviews research on jet impingement heat transfer. Jet impingement involves directing a jet of fluid at a surface and is an effective method for transferring heat. It has various industrial applications like cooling electronics and turbine blades. The review examines factors that influence heat transfer like jet geometry, cross flow effects, and frequency. It summarizes studies on single and multiple jet impingement, and the effects of parameters like Reynolds number. Conjugate heat transfer involving solid-fluid interaction is also discussed. The review provides an overview of research conducted on jet impingement heat transfer.
This document summarizes a study that used computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to investigate how varying the radius, height, and other dimensions of a solar chimney tower and chimney affect the efficiency and mass flow rate of a solar chimney power plant. The study created axisymmetric models of different plant designs in CFX software and solved conservation equations to simulate air flow and heat transfer. Results showed that chimney height and tower outlet radius are important parameters for improving power output. Optimal dimensions were identified. Contour plots showed changes in pressure, temperature, and velocity with different designs. The study concludes dimension choices involve economic tradeoffs between higher output power and construction costs.
This document summarizes an experimental study on the effect of fluid flow rate on the performance of a parallel flow plate heat exchanger. The study was conducted using a plate heat exchanger with water as the working fluid stationed at Landmark University. Experimental results including temperature distribution, flow rates, Reynolds numbers, and Nusselt numbers were analyzed to determine the heat exchanger's thermal performance measures like overall heat transfer coefficient. The researchers found that increasing the hot fluid's flow rate more quickly than the cold fluid increases efficiency. Heat transfer coefficient also increases with Reynolds and Nusselt numbers, indicating more turbulent flow and higher heat transfer rates. Future work could involve computational modeling to determine temperature distributions and investigate a counter-current flow arrangement
This document presents a comparative study of the thermodynamic and economic performance of three organic Rankine cycle (ORC) configurations - a basic ORC, a regenerative ORC (RORC), and a two-stage evaporation ORC (TSEORC) - for geothermal electricity production in developed and developing countries. The study optimizes operating parameters of the cycles using different methods and evaluates economic performance based on levelized cost of electricity, return on investment, and payback period for 20 countries with geothermal resources. The results show that a TSEORC with working fluid R123 has the highest return on investment and shortest payback period for Australia, while basic ORC with R134a and R
CFD Analysis of Plate Fin Tube Heat Exchanger for Various Fin InclinationsIJERA Editor
ANSYS Fluent software is used for three dimensional CFD simulations to investigate heat transfer and fluid flow characteristics of six different fin angles with plain fin tube heat exchangers. The numerical simulation of the fin tube heat exchanger was performed by using a three dimensional numerical computation technique. Geometry of model is created and meshed by using ANSYS Workbench software. To solve the equation for the fluid flow and heat transfer analysis ANSYS FLUENT was used in the fin-tube heat exchanger. The fluid flow and heat transfer are simulated and result compared for both laminar and turbulent flow models k-epsilon and SST k-omega, with steady state solvers to calculate heat transfer, flow velocity and temperature fields of variable inclined fin angles (Ɵ = 00,100 , 200, 300, 400,500). Model is validate by comparing the simulated value of velocity, temperature and colburn factor with experimental and numerical results investigated by WANG [1] and GHORI KIRAR [10]. Reasonable agreement is found between the simulations and other results, and the ANSYS Fluent software is sufficient for simulating the flow fields in tube fin heat exchanger.
IRJET - Numerical Analysis of Overall Heat Transfer Co-Efficient in Tube in T...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a numerical analysis of the overall heat transfer coefficient in a tube-in-tube helical coil heat exchanger. A helical coil heat exchanger was modeled and analyzed using ANSYS software to determine the effects of varying mass flow rate and pitch on the overall heat transfer coefficient. The results showed that increasing the mass flow rate increased the overall heat transfer coefficient, while increasing the pitch decreased the overall heat transfer coefficient. Therefore, it is important to select an optimal pitch or other design parameters to achieve good heat transfer performance in such a heat exchanger.
Iris Publishers- Journal of Engineering Sciences | Performance and Design Opt...IrisPublishers
The aim of this work is to optimize the design and performance of solar powered γ Stirling engine based on genetic algorithm (GA). A second-order mathematical model which includes thermal losses coupled with genetic algorithm GA has been developed and used to find the best values for different design variables. The physical geometry of the γ Stirling engine has been used as an objective variable in the genetic algorithm GA to determine the optimal parameters. The design geometry of the heat exchanger was considered to be the objective variable. The heater slots height, heater effective length, cooler slots height, cooler effective length, re-generator foil unrolled length and re-generator effective length are assumed to be the objective variables. Also, three different types of working fluids have been used in the model simulation to investigate the effect of the different working fluid on the engine performance. The comparison between the results obtained from the simulation by using the original parameters and the results from the optimized parameters when the engine was powered by solar energy; the higher temperature was 923 K applied to the working fluid when the air, helium, and hydrogen were used as working fluid. The engine power increases from 140.58 watts to 228.54 watts, and it is enhanced by approximately 50%, when the heating temperature is 923 K and the air is used as working fluid. The result showed that the working temperature is one of the most important parameters; because the output power increases by increasing of the hot side temperature.
This paper presents the life estimation of the diffuser structure. Literature shows that the welds are the source of failure in case of welded structure; hence the estimation of its life is very critical. There are two kinds of methods for life estimation stress life approach and strain life approach which have been validated for simple problems. Stress life approach was identified as appropriate for life estimation of the variable diffuser. There are papers indicating the methodology for life estimation using commercial software for life prediction. Here, Optistruct- Hyper-Works for pre-processing and solver and Hyper-View- Hyper-Works for post processing has been used for the indeterminate structure, complex loading and boundary condition. The mathematical model subjected to the variable pressure contours for a particular Mach No., with the gimbal joint boundary condition at the test section end and the roller support at the other end. In this paper stress and fatigue analysis of the variable diffuser has been carried out and life of the variable diffuser has been estimated.
Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) - Approach to study Incompressible Boundar...AM Publications
In turbulence models we create mathematical models that describe the flow properties of a flowing fluid. A turbulence model is a computational procedure to close the system of mean flow equations and so that a more or less wide variety of flow problems can be calculated. However, far less precision has been achieved in creating a mathematical model that approximates the physical behavior of turbulent flows. Reynolds stress model is used to get the flow behavior and compared with the theoretical solution and the inferences are drawn.
IJREI_A thermodynamic analysis of ejector type vapour refrigeration system us...Husain Mehdi
This document analyzes the thermodynamic performance of an ejector refrigeration cycle using various eco-friendly refrigerants (R-404A, R-410A, R-407C, etc.). It presents results from a numerical simulation that varied the boiler, condenser, and evaporator temperatures. The simulation found that R-404A achieved the highest COP and second law efficiency in many temperature ranges. R-410A achieved the highest refrigeration effect for all temperature ranges. In general, R-410A and R-404A performed best among the refrigerants analyzed, with R-410A having the best refrigeration effect and R-404A having the best COP and second law efficiency.
IRJET- Heat Exchanger based on Nano FluidIRJET Journal
The document discusses using nanofluids to improve heat transfer in a heat exchanger. It begins by introducing nanofluids and their potential to increase heat transfer rates compared to conventional fluids. It then describes the experimental setup to test a heat exchanger using water and metal-based nanofluids. Temperature sensors will measure the inlet and outlet temperatures of the two fluids while flow control valves regulate flow rates. The goal is to study the effect of mass flow rates on heat exchanger efficiency. CAD software was used to model the design. Experimental testing will obtain results and conclusions on the heat exchanger's performance using nanofluids versus just water.
A comparatively analysis of plate type H.E. and helical type H.E. using ANOVA...IRJET Journal
This document compares plate type and helical type heat exchangers using ANOVA analysis. It first describes the design and operation of each type of heat exchanger. It then outlines the methodology used, including equations for heat transfer coefficients and an overview of ANOVA analysis. The results section describes the design of each heat exchanger in CATIA software and presents graphs comparing their pressure drops and R2 regression factors. Finally, it concludes the plate heat exchanger offers advantages in terms of space, heat transfer efficiency, turbulence, flexibility and lifespan.
Experimental Investigation of Finned Tube Heat ExchangerAM Publications
As far today's demand is to manufacture a compact car so there is an urgent need to design an effective
heat exchanger. In this paper the effect of finned heat exchanger over a without finned heat exchanger on overall
heat transfer coefficient is studied. The overall heat transfer coefficient is studied for both heat exchanger with air
velocity 3m/s, 4m/s, 5m/s and 6m/s and coolant flow 180 Lit/hr, 260 Lit/hr , 340 Lit/hr, 420 Lit/hr ad 500 Lit/hr.
Finned-tube heat exchangers are common and vital components in many energy systems Fin-and-tube heat
exchangers are widely used in several domains such as heating, ventilating, refrigeration and air conditioning systems
The fin performance is commonly expressed in terms of heat transfer coefficient and fin effectiveness, which is
defined as the ratio of the heat transfer rate with fin to the heat transfer rate in without fin heat exchanger. This case
is the one providing the maximum heat transfer rate because this corresponds to the maximum driving potential
(temperature difference) for convection heat transfer. The research work summarized in this presents a combined
analytical, experimental and numerical investigation of Overall heat transfer coefficient of coolant as water by use of
circular finned tube heat exchanger and without fin tube exchanger with force convection. The heat transfer and
pressure drop results for the pin fin heat exchanger were compared with the results for a smooth-pipe heat exchanger.
The experimental system is quite similar to cars' cooling system. The compares the heat transfer coefficient, pressure
drop, overall heat transfer coefficient with the finned tube heat exchanger and without finned tube heat exchanger.
From the experiment Finned-tube heat exchanger gives the overall heat transfer coefficient 14.07W/m2K.
Thermodynamic simulation of year round air conditioning system for variable r...eSAT Journals
This document summarizes a study on the thermodynamic simulation of a year-round air conditioning system with a variable rotational speed desiccant wheel. The system includes components like a desiccant wheel, evaporative cooler, heating coils, and cooling coils to provide cooling and humidity control for different weather conditions. Equations are presented for analyzing parameters like the outlet temperature and efficiency of the desiccant wheel, saturation efficiency and cooling pad volume of the evaporative cooler, and supply air conditions. Simulation results show that the outlet temperature of the desiccant wheel increases with rotational speed from 52.96°C to 63.28°C, while the efficiency increases and saturation efficiency of the evaporative cooler decreases. The cooling pad volume
CFD Investigation of Compact Heat Exchanger Having Different Fins with Nanofl...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to investigate heat transfer in a compact heat exchanger with different fin types and titanium dioxide nanofluid. It discusses past research on various techniques for enhancing heat transfer and reducing pressure losses in heat exchangers. The document then outlines the objectives, methodology, and potential implications of research using CFD and limited experimental data to develop new heat transfer and pressure drop correlations for plain, offset strip, and wavy fins, which are common in applications like cryogenics and aerospace. These new correlations could provide more accurate and broadly applicable insights for heat exchanger design compared to existing correlations.
NUMERICAL ANALYSIS TO OPTIMIZE THE HEAT TRANSFER RATE OF TUBE-IN-TUBE HELICAL...Netha Jashuva
The document discusses numerical analysis to optimize the heat transfer rate of tube-in-tube helical coil heat exchangers. It begins with an introduction to heat exchangers and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling. It then reviews previous literature on optimizing heat transfer rates in helical coil heat exchangers through varying parameters like coil diameter, pitch, fluid flow rates, and using nanofluids. The literature survey found that increasing the Dean number through these parameters generally increases heat transfer rates, though it also increases pumping power requirements. The goal of the project is to find the optimal point where increased heat transfer rates outweigh increased power needs.
Experimental Study of Heat Transfer Enhancement in Triple Tube Heat Exchanger...IRJET Journal
The document describes an experimental study of heat transfer enhancement in a triple tube heat exchanger using CuO and Al2O3 nanofluids. A triple tube heat exchanger was tested with hot water flowing through the intermediate tube and cold water flowing through the inner and outer tubes. Nanofluids of CuO and Al2O3 with a 0.033% volumetric concentration were used. The heat transfer rate and effectiveness of the triple tube heat exchanger were evaluated experimentally for different flow rates of the hot fluid, with the cold fluid flow rate held constant. The results showed that use of nanofluids increased the heat transfer rate and effectiveness compared to using plain water as the working fluid.
IRJET- A Review : Design, Analysis & Optimization of Pipe Stack Heat Exchange...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a review paper on the design, analysis, and optimization of a 22 meter pipe stack heat exchanger. It discusses pipe stack heat exchangers and their common use in industries. The paper reviews literature on heat exchanger design parameters like baffle position, cut percentage, tube patterns, and material selection. It describes modeling a heat exchanger in Solidworks software and analyzing it to optimize heat transfer and pressure drop. The document concludes that parameters like tube diameter, length, material, and temperature can improve heat transfer rates in pipe stack heat exchangers.
Optimization of Organic Rankine Cycle’s thermal efficiency based on Grey rela...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that used the Taguchi method and grey relational analysis to optimize the thermal efficiency of an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) system. Nine parameters that could impact the ORC's efficiency were examined across nine tests using an orthogonal array. Statistical analysis identified the optimum and worst combinations of parameter levels. The optimum conditions achieved a first law efficiency of 17.3% while the worst was 9.6%. The study provides insights into effective and ineffective ORC parameters and ranks their statistical impact on efficiency.
Air Water System Design using Revit Mep for a Residential Buildingijtsrd
This document describes an air-water system design for a residential building using Revit MEP software. Heating and cooling load calculations were performed for the building spaces using Revit MEP. The peak cooling and heating loads were calculated for each space. These values were used to calculate the tonnage of refrigeration needed for each space and for the total building. Duct design was also performed using Revit MEP based on the calculated air flow rates for each space. The results determined that an HVAC system with a capacity of approximately 21.32 tons of refrigeration would be suitable to condition the residential building.
Natural convection heat transfer flow visualization of perforated fin arrays ...eSAT Journals
Abstract
The present paper reports, the validation of results of modeling and simulation in CFD by experiment on the fluid flow and heat
transfer characteristics of a fin arrays with lateral circular perforation and its external dimensionally equivalent solid fin arrays
equipped on horizontal flat surface a problem of natural convection. The simulation is carried out using the fluid flow (CFX)
workbench of ANSYS 12.0. In this study, results shows that formation of the stagnant layer around the solid fin array which slowdowns
the heat dissipation rate. Increase in the fluid flow movement around the fin results increase in the heat dissipation rate. It can
be achieved by adding perforation to the fins. Natural convection is a buoyancy driven phenomenon; the state of the art of CFX was
used to carry the study of fluid flow separation and velocity field over a fin array. New designed perforated fins have an improvement
in average Nusselt number, over its external dimensionally equivalent solid fin arrays.
Keywords: CFD simulation, perforated fins, Natural convection, Heat sink, Nusselt number, Flow Visualization
A Survey On Heat Transfer Of Air Cooled Internal Combustion Engine Various Fi...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses heat transfer in air-cooled internal combustion engines. It focuses on improving heat transfer rates through the cooling fins on cylinder blocks.
2) Various fin geometries and materials have been studied through experiments and computational fluid dynamics simulations. Triangular, elliptical, and perforated fins have shown improvements over traditional rectangular fins.
3) Key factors that affect heat transfer include fin geometry, number of fins, fin pitch, material properties, ambient conditions, and airflow velocity. Optimizing these parameters can enhance an engine's cooling ability while reducing overall weight.
IRJET-To Investigate the effect of Spinner Geometry on COP of Vortex Tube Ref...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper that investigates how changing the geometry of the spinner inside a vortex tube affects its coefficient of performance (COP) for refrigeration. The paper describes how a vortex tube works by separating compressed air into hot and cold streams. It then discusses changing the angle of the spinner notches within the vortex tube from 25 to 45 degrees and using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software to analyze how this affects temperatures and COP. The document reviews previous literature on vortex tube experiments and analysis, and describes the methodology of using CAD software to model different spinner angles and CFD to simulate flow, temperature, and pressure within the vortex tube.
IRJET- Optimization of Annular Fins by Modifying its Geometry with and Withou...IRJET Journal
This document reviews optimization of annular fins by modifying their geometry with and without perforations. It begins with an abstract discussing how fins dissipate heat and how their efficiency can be improved by increasing length, changing geometry, or adding more fins. It then discusses types of fins and their applications. The main body discusses how heat transfer occurs in fins and classifications of fins. It reviews literature on optimizing annular fin performance by varying materials, geometry, perforations, and other factors. The conclusion is that further optimization of annular fins is still possible in these and other ways. The future scope discusses analyzing perforated fins of different shapes and materials to further optimize efficiency and effectiveness.
This document describes a study that used Taguchi's method of design of experiments to determine the optimal ventilation strategy for a displacement ventilated room. The study aimed to identify parameters that influence particle removal efficiency in order to improve indoor air quality. Experiments were conducted in a ventilation test room under different combinations of air velocity, particle source location, and particle size based on an L9 orthogonal array design. Particle concentration measurements were taken at various locations to calculate particle removal efficiency for each experimental run. Analysis of variance was then used to determine which parameters most significantly impacted particle removal efficiency to help ventilation system designers and operators maintain optimal indoor air quality.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Transient Analysis of Centrifugal Pump for Thermic Fluid ApplicationAM Publications
Flow analysis and heat transfer analysis in centrifugal pumps has long been an intensive subject of research.
Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is the present day state-of-art technique for fluid flow analysis. Numerical simulation
of 18 m3/hr capacity centrifugal pump carried out using commercial CFD package FLUENT is presented. The steady state
simulations were carried out using Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations. It was found that non-uniformities
are created in different parts of the pump at off-design conditions which result in the decrease in efficiency.
Similar to Design and Analysis of a Heat Exchanger for an Open Circuit Wind Tunnel control system (20)
DEVELOPMENT OF TODDLER FAMILY CADRE TRAINING BASED ON ANDROID APPLICATIONS IN...AM Publications
Toddler family cadre is a community members work voluntarily in fostering and providing information to parents of toddlers about how to properly care for children. Toddler Family cadre desperately need training to increase their skills. There are still a few Toddler family cadres who get training so that the knowledge and skills of parents and other family members in developing toddlers' growth through physical stimulation, motoric intelligence, emotional and social economy as well as possible are still lacking. The purpose of this study is to develop an Android- assisted Toddler family cadre training model in Demak. This research is research in tian research and development. The research location was in Demak Regency. Toddler family cadres became the object of this research. Development of Toddler family cadre training models assisted by Android in Demak is feasible to be used as an effort to improve Toddler Family cadres' capabilities.
TESTING OF COMPOSITE ON DROP-WEIGHT IMPACT TESTING AND DAMAGE IDENTIFICATION ...AM Publications
In recent years the use of composite materials in structural components has become increasingly common in a wide range of engineering applications. Composite materials offer numerous advantages over more conventional materials because of their superior specific properties, but a serious obstacle to a more widespread use of these materials is their high sensitivity to localized impact loading. This paper presents an experimental study to assess the impact response of drop weight impact tests on fiber reinforced polymer composites with deferent load and damage identification of composite using Non-destructive testing techniques ultrasonic testing (UT) C scan. In the study includes checking the strength of the specimen, plotting of graphs between the height and the impact energy obtained and tabulating the results after conducting the various functional tests.
THE USE OF FRACTAL GEOMETRY IN TILING MOTIF DESIGNAM Publications
In this paper I will present the use of fractal geometry to design tile motifs. A fractal is a geometric figure that combines the several characteristics among others: its parts have the same form as the whole, fragmented, and formation by iteration. The concept of fractals has been spread over all fields of sciences, technology, and art. This paper aims to provide an algorithm to creating motifs of tile algorithm for create the tile motif consists of base, iteration, coloration and duplication. In order to help the reader better understand the algorithm, I will present some script using Matlab. We describe a mathematically based algorithm that can fill a spatial region with sequence of randomly placed which may be transformed copies of one motif or several motifs. By using this algorithm, I can produce thousand variety of aesthetically pleasing tile motifs, of which we show a number of examples.
TWO-DIMENSIONAL INVERSION FINITE ELEMENT MODELING OF MAGNETOTELLURIC DATA: CA...AM Publications
Two-dimensional resistivity analysis of magnetotelluric data has been done at “Z” geothermal area which is located in southern part of Indonesia. The objective is to understand subsurface structure beneath reasearch area based on 2-D modeling of magnetotelluric data. The inversion finite element method were used for numerical simulations which requires discretization on the boundary of the modeling domain. The modeling results of magnetotelluric data shows relativity structure dissemination: 0-10 ohm.m in a thickness of 1 km (Clay Cap), 10-100 ohm.m with 1-2 km depth respectively (reservoir zone), and on a scale of 100-1000 ohm.m in a depth of 2-3 km (heat source zone). The result of relativity structure can be used to delineate an area with geothermal prospect around 12 km2.
USING THE GENETIC ALGORITHM TO OPTIMIZE LASER WELDING PARAMETERS FOR MARTENSI...AM Publications
This document presents an optimization of laser welding parameters for martensitic stainless steel using a genetic algorithm. The algorithm aims to minimize the difference between the actual and desired weld size (width and depth) by optimizing laser power, welding speed, and fiber diameter. The genetic algorithm was run 10 times with a population of 30 over 200 iterations each time. The results showed errors between optimized and experimental values of less than 5% for the parameters. The study demonstrates that genetic algorithms can effectively optimize laser welding parameters to achieve a preset weld size.
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN E-MARKETPLACE FOR MICRO, SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISESAM Publications
The Ministry of Cooperatives and Small and Medium Enterprises launched in 2018 the number of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia as many as 58.97 million people. It is predicted that the number of MSMEs players in 2019 will amount to 59.2 million. This shows that the Indonesian people have made changes in the field of family economics which initially as consumptive are now productive. The community prefers to carry out activities that can increase family income. Future MSMEs remain the mainstay of the national economy. In accordance with the government roadmap, in 2020 e-commerce transactions are predicted to reach Rp1,300 trillion or equivalent to USD130 billion. According to data from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS), the contribution of MSMEs to Indonesia's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) reached 61.41%, with the number of MSMEs reaching almost 60 million units. However, only around 8% or 3.79 million of the 59.2 million MSMEs players have used online platforms to market their products. Based on the above problems, researchers conducted research on the analysis and display of E-Marketplace for MSMEs in Indonesia. The type of research used is action research. The object of research is MSMEs which are under the Office of Industry and Trade of Sragen Regency. The method of data collection is by techniques: (1) interview, (2) documentation (3) observation, (4) literature study. The researcher uses the waterfall method in developing the system. The research team has successfully analyzed the E-Market place according to the results of data collection. The research team has succeeded in designing the E-Marketplace for MSMEs. E-Marketplace designed can be used by admin, MSME and user. Admin is in charge of managing E-Marketplace and has full access rights. MSMEs can register online and manage their products in E-Marketplace. Users or buyers can search data in E-Marketplace as desired. To make transactions, users can interact directly with MSMEs according to the data provided in E-Marketplace. E-Marketplace can be used for marketing together MSMEs products. This e-marketplace can be accessed at www.umkmonline.com
REMOTE SENSING AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS AM Publications
Remote sensing technology's increasing accessibility helps us observe research and learn about our globe in ways we could only imagine a generation ago. Guides to profound knowledge of historical, conceptual and practical uses of remote sensing which is increasing GIS technology. This paper will go briefly through remote sensing benefits, history, technology and the GIS and remote sensing integration and their applications. Remote sensing (RS) is used in mapping the predicted and actual species and dominates the ecosystem canopy.
EVALUATE THE STRAIN ENERGY ERROR FOR THE LASER WELD BY THE H-REFINEMENT OF TH...AM Publications
Currently, the finite element method (FEM) is still one of the useful tools in numerical simulation for technical problems. With this method, a continuum model presented by a certain number of elements with a simple approximation field causes the presence of discretization error in solutions. This paper considers the butt weld by laser which subjected the tension for AISI 1018 steel highness 8 mm. The aim of the study is to use the h-refinement of the FEM in estimation the strain energy error for the laser weld mentioned. The results show that the stability of the h-refinement shown by the value of the relative error of the strain energy is quite small, specifically; FEM is less than 5.7% and extra is no more than 3.7%.
HMM APPLICATION IN ISOLATED WORD SPEECH RECOGNITIONAM Publications
Speech recognition is always being an all-time trendy topic for discussion and also for researches and we see a major application in our life. This paper provides the work done on the application of Hidden Markov model to implement isolated word speech recognition on MATLAB and to develop and train the system for set of self-selective words for specific user (user dependent) to get maximum efficiency in word recognition system. Which uses the forward and Baum-welch algorithm and fitting Gaussian of the Baum-welch algorithm for all the iteration perform. We use a sample of 7 alphabets which are recorded in 15 different ways giving total of 105 word to use for training with each word with 15 variations. This system can be used in real world in system security using voice security system and mainly for children and impaired people.
PEDESTRIAN DETECTION IN LOW RESOLUTION VIDEOS USING A MULTI-FRAME HOG-BASED D...AM Publications
Detecting pedestrians in low resolution videos is a challenging task, due to the small size of pedestrians in the images and the limited information. In practical outdoor surveillance scenarios the pedestrian size is usually small. Existing state-of-the-art pedestrian detection methods that use histogram of oriented gradient (HOG) features have poor performance in this problem domain. To compensate for the lack of information in a single frame, we propose a novel detection method that recognizes pedestrians in a short sequence of frames. Namely, we take the single-frame HOG-based detector and extend it to multiple frames. Our detector is applied to regions containing potential moving objects. In the case of video taken from a moving camera on an aerial platform, video stabilization is first performed to register the frames. A classifier is then applied to features extracted from spatio-temporal volumes surrounding the potential moving objects. On challenging stationary and aerial video datasets, our detection accuracy outperforms several state-of-the-art algorithms.
The aim of this paper is to help the blind people to identify and catch the public transport vehicles with the help of Light Fidelity technology. It is a Navigation aid. When the bus arrives at the bus stand, transmitter in the bus transmits the light signals and receiver in the stick, receives the light signals and a sound signal is generated through the speaker present in the stick. The sound message contains the bus number and the destination of the bus. In addition to this, if the person is absconded or lost, details of the location will be sent to his/her family members by pressing a button. This is made possible with the help of Global System for Mobile (GSM). Finally, presence of water can be detected along the blind person’s path, with the help of water sensors.
EFFECT OF SILICON - RUBBER (SR) SHEETS AS AN ALTERNATIVE FILTER ON HIGH AND L...AM Publications
A digital radiography delivers a radiation dose to patients; therefore it poses potential risk to the patients. One effort to reduce dose is carried out using a radiation filter, e.g. Silicone Rubber (SR) sheet. The purpose of this research was to determine the impact of the SR sheet on the high contrast objects (HCO) and the low contrast objects (LCO). The dose reduction was determined from attenuation x-rays before and after using the SR sheet. Assessment of HCO and LCO was observed from CDR TOR phantom at tube voltage of 48 kVp and tube current of 8 mAs. The physical parameter to assess image quality was the Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) value in LCO. The maximum x-ray attenuation using the SR sheet is 48.82%. The visibility of the HCO remains the same, namely 16 objects; however the LCO slighly decreases from 14 objects to 13 objects after using the SR sheet. The SNR value decreases with an average value of 15.17%.Therefore, the SR sheet as a alternative filter has no effect on the HCO and has realtively little effect on the LCO. Thus, the SR sheet potentially is used for radiation protection in patients, especially on examinations that do not require low contrast resolution.
UTILIZATION OF IMMUNIZATION SERVICES AMONG CHILDREN UNDER FIVE YEARS OF AGE I...AM Publications
Immunization is the key strategy to curb communicable diseases which are the number one killer of children under five. Immunization prevents mortalities of approximating three million children under five annually. This study aimed to assess utilization of immunization services among children under five of age in Kirinyaga County, Kenya.
REPRESENTATION OF THE BLOCK DATA ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM IN AN ANALYTICAL FORM F...AM Publications
The article presents the study of cryptographic transformations of the Kuznyechik algorithm in relation to differential analysis and the translation of their representations into a more convenient form for cryptanalysis. A simplification of the type of transformations of the algorithm to algebraic the form, in which cryptanalysis software will be more effective. Since the description of the algorithm in the analytical form allows for 16 cycles of execution of the shift register with linear feedback, each of which will be carried out 16 operations of multiplication and 15 operations of addition, reduced to 16 multiplying and 15 the operations of addition. The result is an algebraic form of a linear transformation (from a shift register with linear feedback to the multiplication of the matrix in a finite field). In the future, the algebraic type of transformation can be used to effectively carry out differential cryptanalysis.
Optical character recognition (OCR) is process of classification of optical patterns contained in a digital image. The process of OCR Recognition involves several steps including pre-processing, segmentation, feature extraction, classification. Pre-processing is for done the basic operation on input image like noise reduction which remove the noisy signal from image. Segmentation stage for segment the given image into line by line and segment each character from segmented line. Future extraction calculates the characteristics of character. A Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFNN) is used to classification contains the database and does the comparison.
Surveillance refers to the task of observing a scene, often for lengthy periods in search of particular objects or particular behaviour. This task has many applications, foremost among them is security (monitoring for undesirable behaviour such as theft or vandalism), but increasing numbers of others in areas such as agriculture also exist. Historically, closed circuit TV (CCTV) surveillance has been mundane and labour Intensive, involving personnel scanning multiple screens, but the advent of reasonably priced fast hardware means that automatic surveillance is becoming a realistic task to attempt in real time. Several attempts at this are underway.
SIMULATION OF ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTANTS DISPERSION IN AN URBAN ENVIRONMENTAM Publications
Interest in air pollution investigation of urban environment due to existence of industrial and commercial activities along with vehicular emission and existence of buildings and streets which setup natural barrier for pollutant dispersion in the urban environment has increased. The air pollution modelling is a multidisciplinary subject when the entire cities are taken under consideration where urban planning and geometries are complex which needs a large software packages to be developed like Operational Street Pollution Model (OSPM), California Line Source model (CALINE series) etc. On overviewing various works it can be summarized that the air pollutant dispersion in urban street canyons and all linked phenomenon such as wind flow, pollutant concentrations, temperature distribution etc. generally depend on wind speed and direction, building heights and density, road width, source and intensity of air pollution, meteorological variables like temperature, humidity etc. A unique and surprising case is observed every time on numerous combinations of these factors. The main aim of this study is to simulate the atmospheric pollutant dispersion for given pollutant like carbon monoxide, sulphur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide and given atmospheric conditions like wind speed and direction. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation for analysing the atmospheric pollutant dispersion is done after natural airflow analysis. Volume rendering is done for variables such as phase 2 volume fraction and velocity with resolution as 250 pixels per inch and transparency as 20%. It can be observed that all the three pollutant namely nitrogen dioxide, sulphur dioxide and carbon monoxide the phase 2 volume fraction changes from 0 to 1. The wind velocity changes from 3.395×10-13 m/s to 1.692×102 m/s. The dispersion of pollutants follow the sequence Sulphur dioxide>Carbon monoxide>Nitrogen dioxide.
PREPARATION AND EVALUATION OF WOOL KERATIN BASED CHITOSAN NANOFIBERS FOR AIR ...AM Publications
In this article, we have extracted keratin from deccani wool waste and prepared the wool keratin based Chitosan nanofibers by electrospinning technique. The prepared nanofibers mat were prepared with different weight percent ratio like 1wt.%, 3wt.% and 5wt.% with respect to polymer i.e Chitosan. The physicochemical and filtration properties of wool keratin based Chitosan nanofibers were studied. Wool keratin based Chitosan nanofibers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The filtration efficiency of keratin Chitosan nanofibers were investigated through DOP test and heavy metal removal capacity of evaluated through Atomic absorption spectroscopy. FTIR results were showed that Keratin gets compatible with Chitosan. XRD patterns revealed keratin was in crystalline nature and increase the crystalline nature of Chitosan nanofibers. FESEM images showed that uniform nanofibers generation with average fiber diameter 80nm. Nanofibers filtration efficiency against a particulate matter in air was obtained more than 99.53% and excellent property of removal of heavy metal.
ANALYSIS ON LOAD BALANCING ALGORITHMS IMPLEMENTATION ON CLOUD COMPUTING ENVIR...AM Publications
Cloud computing means storing and accessing data and programs over the Internet instead of your computer's hard drive. The cloud is just a metaphor for the Internet. The elements involved in cloud computing are clients, data center and distributed server. One of the main problems in cloud computing is load balancing. Balancing the load means to distribute the workload among several nodes evenly so that no single node will be overloaded. Load can be of any type that is it can be CPU load, memory capacity or network load. In this paper we presented an architecture of load balancing and algorithm which will further improve the load balancing problem by minimizing the response time. In this paper, we have proposed the enhanced version of existing regulated load balancing approach for cloud computing by comping the Randomization and greedy load balancing algorithm. To check the performance of proposed approach, we have used the cloud analyst simulator (Cloud Analyst). Through simulation analysis, it has been found that proposed improved version of regulated load balancing approach has shown better performance in terms of cost, response time and data processing time.
A MODEL BASED APPROACH FOR IMPLEMENTING WLAN SECURITY AM Publications
This paper presents various security features and configurations commonly implemented in WLANs and their aggregated security levels and then proposes a model that enables implementation and evaluation of WLAN security
Literature Review Basics and Understanding Reference Management.pptxDr Ramhari Poudyal
Three-day training on academic research focuses on analytical tools at United Technical College, supported by the University Grant Commission, Nepal. 24-26 May 2024
We have compiled the most important slides from each speaker's presentation. This year’s compilation, available for free, captures the key insights and contributions shared during the DfMAy 2024 conference.
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODELgerogepatton
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
accuracy rate of 99.50%.
Understanding Inductive Bias in Machine LearningSUTEJAS
This presentation explores the concept of inductive bias in machine learning. It explains how algorithms come with built-in assumptions and preferences that guide the learning process. You'll learn about the different types of inductive bias and how they can impact the performance and generalizability of machine learning models.
The presentation also covers the positive and negative aspects of inductive bias, along with strategies for mitigating potential drawbacks. We'll explore examples of how bias manifests in algorithms like neural networks and decision trees.
By understanding inductive bias, you can gain valuable insights into how machine learning models work and make informed decisions when building and deploying them.
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...IJECEIAES
Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming PipelinesChristina Lin
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
CHINA’S GEO-ECONOMIC OUTREACH IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES AND FUTURE PROSPECTjpsjournal1
The rivalry between prominent international actors for dominance over Central Asia's hydrocarbon
reserves and the ancient silk trade route, along with China's diplomatic endeavours in the area, has been
referred to as the "New Great Game." This research centres on the power struggle, considering
geopolitical, geostrategic, and geoeconomic variables. Topics including trade, political hegemony, oil
politics, and conventional and nontraditional security are all explored and explained by the researcher.
Using Mackinder's Heartland, Spykman Rimland, and Hegemonic Stability theories, examines China's role
in Central Asia. This study adheres to the empirical epistemological method and has taken care of
objectivity. This study analyze primary and secondary research documents critically to elaborate role of
china’s geo economic outreach in central Asian countries and its future prospect. China is thriving in trade,
pipeline politics, and winning states, according to this study, thanks to important instruments like the
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative. According to this study,
China is seeing significant success in commerce, pipeline politics, and gaining influence on other
governments. This success may be attributed to the effective utilisation of key tools such as the Shanghai
Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative.