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2. Stronghold Crusader Essay
A real time strategy game for the PC, Stronghold Crusader lets you handle the
conflicts that stretch back to the time of the Crusades. The demo version lets you
taste the action before you choose to buy the full game. Try before you buy ensures
you like the game before you invest money into it. Video gamereviewers have often
compared Stronghold Crusader to Civilization or Age of Empires. Truth is, the game
has more similarities to Age of Empires because you have a real time strategy game.
Your job is to make sure that your armies go to the Middle East with full strength.
The game showcases everything from the First to the Third Crusade. You have to
hold off the Muslims and stop conflict among your own people. For example, the
Crusades were not all organized, and you have individual crusader states that you
will need to keep in line. How do you do that? To take control of the crusader state
and fight back the Muslim armies, you will have to build strongholds in towns under
your control and buy supplies. The campaigns will take you to historic sites like
Jerusalem, Nicea and Antioch.
Stronghold Crusader boasts a game feature known as the Crusader Trail that hosts 50
missions that pit you against numerous opponents. With an interesting variety in
characters like Richard the Lionheart, and you have some of the fictional characters
like The ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For example, you have trebuchets that can launch diseased cows over the wall to
infect the people with disease. Both the economy and the warfare in the game have
been equally balanced so that you have a good mix between the two. The game
actually blends excellently between a simulation and an RTS game. The first
Stronghold Crusader game is actually so good that a lot of the hardcore fans have
argued that Firefly Studios, the developers of the game, have not been able to
replicate it with their predecessor
3. Rite Of Passage In The Body By Gordie Lachance
Have you ever wondered if the ordeals you went through could become a rite of
passage? These ordeals could be a big event that could change a person s entire
foundation, such as marriage, or it can be something small, like being inspired to
cook because of feedback. The novella, The Body written by Gordie Lachance,
elaborates about the author s childhood where he and his friends went through an
ordeal that is a rite of passage. This ordeal was considered a journey for the boys as
they believed in the frame and glory once they found the corpse of Ray Browser, a
young boy around the same age as the author and his friends. The journey started out
as an easygoing adventure, a playful type that could be considered as an innocent boy
running in the park playing tag with his buddies. However, the journey changes into a
more serious business for the author and his friends have to face many circumstances
where it becomes flight or fight situations. In the novella, Gordie reveals many
insights into the characteristics of his friends and himself... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
For instance, they all believed in the idea of being famous from a corpse who was
stated to be missing on the radio. However, what they did not consider was how
they would get over there and what they would witness when observing a corpse.
These boys believed that walking for miles was a plan enough in itself. Another
example is by the end of the novella when Ace s crew shows up threatening the boys
with the intent of using the corpse for their owned framed. Fortunately, in the end,
Chris and Gordie were able to force Ace s crew from getting the body. The journey
has given the boys a more thoughtful insight into the outside world molding them to
be more rational about the situation rather than recklessly running into more
4. Use Of Power By Police
Use of Power by the Police Historically police were not limited to laws which
prohibited bad behavior and/or corruption such as, curbside justice which entailed
police beating citizens with nightsticks especially targeting racial minorities. With a
lack of organizational control, inefficiencies and disorganization the courts,
legislatures and U.S. Constitution stepped in creating retrains on the power of
government agencies with what is referred to as the rule of law . The two examples
that demonstrate the use of legal power by the policethat I chose for this discussion is
the Miranda Warning and the use of probable cause.
Miranda Warning The Miranda Warning is a part of the Fifth Amendment which
entails a person s privilege against self incrimination. Before a person can be
interrogated an explanation of his or her rights that must be given; the right to remain
silent, the right an attorney, the right have an attorney appointed and the right to have
an attorney present during questioning (Miranda Warning, n.d.)... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
For example, a federal appeals court overturned Reuben Kenneth Lujan s first degree
murder conviction for killing his wife and an off duty deputy because a complete
Miranda warning was not administered by detectives before questioning him.
Although Lujan confessed to the killings it could not be used against him because
his Miranda rights were violated, detectives failed to inform him of his right to an
attorney before and during the interrogation and after he asked for a lawyer they did
not end the interrogation (Dolan,
5. Persuasive Essay On The Effectiveness Of A President
After...
Only allowing a President two terms is in itself very demeaning. Regardless of
their effect and influence, their days are inevitably numbered. History shows that
previous Presidents have had very effective years towards the end of the first term.
The following term being terrible due to the microscope challenging them daily.
All ideas or promises presented during each campaign cannot be accomplished in
four calendar years, let alone the four gained after re election. The president s
success lies in the society of America. Many people feel that challenging our
founding fathers and the amendment is disrespectful or unnecessary, but the current
way has shown a negative outcome for previous Presidents. If future Presidential
candidates had no limit, but a stipulation before returning to the office after the first
two terms, we as American citizens would have an effective country. The
effectiveness of a President after his second term is massively impaired. In light of
the fact that he cannot run again, respect and obedience for the President declines
drastically. The limit creates a mindset that challenges the President s standpoint
and views. Limits open up an overload of criticism that wouldn t be present if
Presidential candidates were allowed another 4 years to continue his vision. Despite
the fact Presidents have always been limited to 8 years in office, the limit should be
raised to allow candidates access to their full potential. Presidential candidates are
basically on
6. Weather And Darkness And Foreshadowing In The Kiss,
By...
In the short story, The Kiss by Peter Goldsworthy and the film adaptation by Ashlee
Page, the authors effectively use techniques to show a sense of impending doom for
the characters. This is conveyed through the use of weather and setting and
psychological doom that is created in both the film and story, the authors use a
variety of literary and film techniques to portray this.
The authors both use weather, darkness and the water tank to predict the ominous
events to come, and they do this through literary and film techniques such
foreshadowing, Imagery, camera angles and lighting. Throughout the story,
Goldsworthy effectively uses weather and darkness to foreshadow the impending
doom of the characters, when he says the lighting flicker, on cue, might have been
a warning sent from Kenny s parents (p.1) and utter darkness (p.1). It can be seen
that Goldsworthy uses darkness as a metaphor for death and uses weather to
foreshadow the ill fated events to come. In comparison to the story, where the
director uses dark and eerie lighting throughout the entirety of the short film to
build mood but also as a symbol of danger and death. This is specifically seen when
the bike light turns off and the film becomes even darker. The bike light turning off
symbolises a loss of hope and the darkness is a metaphor for danger that is to come.
Foreshadowing is further used by Goldsworthy when he describes the water tank as a
The big water tank looms out of the darkness......concrete
7. Dr. Liljequist Summary
I went to a forensics psychology seminar and listened to Dr. Lilijequist talk about
her experience has a forensics psychologist. She said that forensics psychologists
are not as cool as they seem on tv, and that all they do is assess and evaluate
prisoners, and people getting ready to testify at court to see if they are mental
stable . She said that some lawyers would call her up and say that they want her to
come to this conclusion about their client . Also, she said that most forensics
psychologists have a code of ethics and morals they follow, and that they would not
listen to a lawyer when they want a certain illness listed . When she talked about the
code of ethics and morals; I started to see where forensics psychologywas a part
8. Taking a Look at Atomic Structure
1.INTRODUCTION:
The concept of Atom was proposed by John Dalton in 1808 to explain the laws of
chemical combination. He considered that matter is made up of indivisible atoms.all
atoms of an element are identical.Atoms are neither created nor destroyed. Atoms of
different elements have different masses and chemical properties. atoms of different
elements combine in simple whole numbers to form compounds. This concept was
accepted till various eminent physicists like J.J. Thomson. Goldstein, Rutherford,
Niels Bohr and others have established the modern concept of an atom. As technology
advances , scientists are able to gather experimental evidence related to the
properties of the atom. As a result , various models of atomic structure have been
suggested over the years. In this chapter we shall discuss atomic structure based on
the modern principles. In the early 1900s , J.J. Thomson came up with a atomic
model.
Soon after J.J. Thomson atomic model , Rutherford did a series of experiments with
tiny radioactive particles,known as alpha particles.he fired a gold foil with alpha
particles and discovered that most of the alpha particles passed right through the gold
foil, some bounced straight back and a small number passed through at an angle.
From this experiment , he got conclusion that the atom consists of a small positively
charged dense central part is called nucleus.
In 1913 , Neils bohr proposed a planetary model of the atom . the neutrons and
protons occupy a dense
9. Music Therapy
Music therapy is used to treat people for various reasons and there are multiple
styles of treatment presently being used. Music therapy is an effective form of
therapy that is used on people of all ages to improve quality of life.
Music therapy has been used in the medical industry for more than 60 years and
there are many people who have no idea what it is. During W.W.I., music therapyin
the United States began to develop when music was used in the Veterans
Administration Hospitals as an intervention to address traumatic war injuries. There
were several musicians who were not working and they would go to the Veteran
hospitals to play for the injured soldiers. Numerous doctors and nurses witnessed the
effect music had on veterans ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In addition, music therapy is beneficial for people who suffer from substance abuse,
brain injuries, and acute pain, to mothers who are in labor (American Music Therapy
Association, Inc., 1999).
Music Therapy has had numerous clinical studies to suggest that not only musical
therapy is an effective means of treatment, but the sound of music is soothing and
comfortable, and it lowers cortisol, a stress hormone, as much as 25%. The music
can reduce pain for patients who have come out of surgery, decreases nausea with
patients who are receiving chemotherapy, and increases awareness of self and
environment. A study conducted at Yale University School of medicine proved that
patients who were awake during a surgical procedure listening to their favorite music
need lower doses of pain medication than patients who did not listen to music (Syed,
2006).
Developmentally disabled individuals and individuals with mental health needs are
also receptive and benefit from music therapy. Music therapy for autistic individuals
has helped to teach social interacting, encouraging the desire to communicate, and
minimizing non communicative speech. As far as autism is concerned, studies have
shown that music therapy has a significant, positive influence when used to treat
autistic individuals (Evans, 2008, para. 3). Children diagnosed with autism are very
receptive to music therapy. It was stated Music
10. Walt Disney and Toy Story
Pixar and Disney: A Study of Creativity and Culture In 2005 the managers of Pixar
Animation Studios were facing a crisis. The company s ten year partnership with
Disney was about to end and the company had three options: draft a new agreement
with Disney, find a new partner, or set up their own marketing and distribution
network.[1] Renewing the partnership with Disney seemed, to many, like an obvious
choice. The arrangement had been a boon to the fledgling studio when it was first
starting out. Disney had provided most of the funding[2] and had given Pixar s
movies top flight marketing support[3] in exchange for ownership of Pixar s
characters and a substantial percentage of the profits. Pixar had grown, however, and
had accumulated... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
At the cost of $1,488,422, the movie had represented yet another first for the
innovative studio that had already introduced the world to Steamboat Willie, often
credited as the first animated cartoon to feature synchronized sound in 1928[16]
(According to film historians Max Fleischer had produced Old Kentucky Home,
which also had sound, in 1926), and Flowers and Trees, the first full color cartoon,
in 1931. Flowers and Trees was also the first cartoon to win an animation Oscar.[17]
Snow White, which had both color and sound, made use of other innovations as
well. The multiplane camera, developed by the studio, allowed Disney animators to
create layered scenes with pictures of objects in the foreground and background
suspended on sheets of glass at different layers of a fourteen foot platform to create
the illusion of a three dimensional world.[18] Further innovations followed. Fantasia,
launched in 1941, was the first animated film to feature stereophonic sound. (The
movie s success was limited, however, by a combination of factors. One practical
hurdle was that theaters had to install new sound systems to show it and the onset of
World War II made theater owners hesitant to make the investment.)[19] In years that
followed, Disney would expand beyond animated features into live action film and
television and into the
11. How Did Canada Contribute To Ww2
Canada and the United States are close neighbours. These two countries relationship
has evolved throughout the years. World War II had a big impact on their
relationship, altering it like never before. They grew closer together and they turned
to each other rather than to another country. The war impacted their military
relationship in contribution and changes, it made new agreements between them and
brought them together in defence. Canadas and America s military relationship
changed due to World War II. Canada had aided the United States
throughout the war.
Canada contributed to the development of the Atomic bomb. Canada and America
made changes in shipping materials to each other. In 1941 they agreed to weaken
load line policy so ships can carry increased amounts of Ores and other materials.
The U.S soldiers fighting with Canada no longer had to give up their citizenship.
Those who enlisted in the armed forces lost their citizenship due to the oath of
allegiance to the British crown but the Canadian government... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Firstly, the Ogdensburg Agreement was created in 1940. This agreement created a
Canadian American permanent joint Board on Defence which improved defence
of both the countries. Following that agreement was the Lend Lease Act in 1941.
This allowed Britain to buy military supplies from the U.S when it was still neutral
and to postpone payments. At the same time the Hyde Park Agreement was
created in 1941. Britain was not buying war materials from Canada due to the
Lend Lease Act so this agreement ensured that U.S bought materials from Canada
and so did Britain. This clearly shows that the U.S is not willing to put Canada into
an economic downfall. Procedures were taken so that Canada was also benefiting
and gaining just like America was. Naturally a country would care about its gain and
profit but due to the close bond developed by Canada and America they also
prioritize each
12. The Four Stages Of Piaget s Theory Of Psychosocial...
The first theorist to study cognitive development was Jean Piaget. Piaget studied
that all children go through the same 4 stages, even if it happens at different times.
Erik Erikson believed that the sociocultural elements that we experience can affect
our personality, therefore we need to get through every step of his theory of
Psychosocial development. The following is going to describe the stages each of
these men made and how I see it throughout my life. In the cognitive theory from
Piaget there are 4 stages: Sensorimotor, Preoperational, Concrete operational, and
Formal operations. I can relate to to the last two stages more only because I was
pretty young when the first two were happening. At Piaget s stage of concrete
operational, the child begins to shed off some of the egocentrism characteristic of
earlier stages (Piaget s Stage, 2017). I remember between the ages of 7 12 I was
very self centered. I always thought that everything I wanted or saw I deserved to
have, even though I know now my parents couldn t always afford it. Transitioning
into Piaget s formal operations stage cognitive development, a child s thinking is
no longer bound to observable, physical events (Piaget s, 2017). I was able to use
logic and understanding that not everything was always about me. I noticed I can
also problem solve easier, which made the environment I grew up in make more
sense and simple to adapt to. Erikson s theory of psychosocial development has eight
stages that people
13. Binge Drinking Curriculum
The expectation of this curriculum is to reduce the prevalence of binge drinking for
Cal State University, Long Beach (CSULB) students ages 17 to 22. According to the
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA)( n.d.), binge drinking
is defined as A pattern of drinking that results in harm to one s health, interpersonal
relationships, or ability to work . Further research into this issue has found that more
than 1,000 college students between the ages of 18 and 24 die from alcohol related
unintentional injuries every year (NIAAA, 2015). The goal of this curriculum is to
prevent binge drinkingand alcohol misuse by providing college students with feasible
strategies to decrease the behavior. Education in the following areas of... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
The first unit of the curriculum consists of the basics of binge drinking such as
addressing what alcohol misuse is and what is considered a standard drink.
Distinguishing what regular drinking is from problematic drinking will also be
taught in this unit. The following unit addresses the negative consequences
associated with alcohol misuse. The long term and short term consequences will be
discussed in the section. Drinking norms, beliefs, and attitudes will be the following
unit, individuals will learn to differentiate between common alcohol myths and facts.
In addition, individuals will interpret current binge drinking trends. The fourth unit of
the curriculum consists of skill based strategies, where individuals will be able to
assemble a resource list for alcohol abuse and learn how to respond to an alcohol
related emergency. The last unit that will be covered in the curriculum is healthy
living practices. From this unit, individuals will learn safe sex practices, healthy
eating habits, and stress reduction
14. External Estimates
Measures from External Estimates
External Estimates of the Number of Abortions Pooled and by Individual Year
The counts of the total number of abortions for the study period years come from
published information from the Guttmacher Institute s census of abortion providers
(Finer and Henshaw 2003; Jones and Kavanaugh 2011). Following prior research, I
used the CDC s age distribution for each year to calculate the expected number of
abortions that occurred in the age distribution of Add Health for each year, except in
the years when an age distribution was collected by the Guttmacher Institute s survey
of abortion patients (Kost and Jones 2007; Fu et al. 1998). Because the CDC data is
provided in ages ranges (under 15; 15 19; 20 24; 25 29; 30 34; 35 39; 40+), the Add
Health data was restricted to best match these ranges (see Appendix 2 for further
details).
The overall quality analyses (years 1994 through 2007) could potentially include
pregnancies between the ages of 10 (the youngest individuals in Wave 1 in 1994)
and 32 (the oldest individuals in Wave 4 in 2008). Though it should be noted that
pregnancies under the age of 13 would be somewhat improbable considering the
median age of menarche in the U.S. is 12.43 ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
For example, in 2005 women in the Add Health sample would be between 21 and
30. Women 30 and over were excluded from the analyses and the comparison group
was aged matched based upon the CDC estimates for women aged 20 24 and 25 29.
Spline and linear interpolated age estimates from the Guttmacher Institute s survey of
abortion patients were compared with the estimates used to test the robustness of
these analyses, and no significant differences were found when comparing the 95%
confidence intervals (see Appendix 3A and Appendix 3B). Overall, these external
estimates were treated as known population counts, despite the fact that some
unquantified error does
15. Archibald Motley Jr Research Paper
Archibald Motley jr. was born october 7,1891 in New Orleans,LA. He was an
african American visual artist. His family moved to chicago for his father s job.
He witnessed hard work as a child this is something that carried with him through
his artist career. He was offered a scholarship to study agriculture but he turned it
down. He entered Englewood high school. In 1924 he married a women from high
school, Edith Granzo. There marriage was secretive because back then there
marriage was forbidden because she was german american. In 1924 he married Edith
Granzo. She helped him finacial wise for the next decade. They had a child together
in 1933. Motley jr. was offered a full scholarship in studying architecture,but he turned
16. Research Paper On Plastic Pollution
Joshua Oldenkamp
Dr.Arturo Vega
October 30,2017
Policy Analysis Paper:
Introduction:
While taking one of my SMC courses at St.Mary s University, my professor began a
discussion on plastics pollution and the effects it has on the environment. My
professor began to talk more and more about this uncharted territory known as plastic
pollution I never knew plastic was so harmful and what it is doing to our
environment.What I knew then does not compare to what I know now. Everything
that I have included in this research paper stems from what I have learned and the
policies we have in the United States, the state of Texas, and the city of San Antonio.
Issue Definition:
Here I identified the who what when and how and the main issue ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Solution: would be to either provide incentivized programs and or tax on plastic,
or leave everything the way it is.
I will attempt to analyze our current use of programs to prevent further plastic
pollution the San Antonio area, and whether or not we stay with the status quo,
implement buyback programs or tax people who want plastic bags.
The defining issue at hand is the increasing plastic presence, the pollution it brings
along with, the disposal we provide, or do not provide. Plastic is going to be one of
the leading issues in the next few years, right next to climate change.
Background: Plastic is made up of carbon, this is a man made product which is
specifically from oil. There were other creations before the discovery of plastic, in
1923 it was the Macintosh and rubber, then in 1839 the company Goodyear
combined rubber and sulfur creating moldable stable substance, this process is
known as vulcanization. In the 1850 s though 1870 s there was the ivory trade and
billiard balls, and in 1909 the create of modern plastics, Bakelite. Then in 1930 we
created the thermoplastic.
There are 7 different type of plastics, polyethylene, polystyrene, polyethylene
terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride, polytetrafluorethylene, polyvinylidene, and
polypropylene. Polyethylene, is the more commonly found plastic, this is our plastic
bags, soda and water bottles, plastic films and their cases, and garbage bags.
Polystyrene, in
17. The Dow Jones Sustainability Index
The Dow Jones Sustainability Index (DJSI) was launched in 1999, making its name
as the world s first leading global benchmark for sustainability. This index consists of
the top 10% of the largest 2,500 companies in terms of sustainability. Corporate
sustainability is the business approach that formulates long term shareholder value by
grasping opportunities and controlling risks created from economic, environmental
and social development. Sustainabilityserves as opportunities and risks that
companies must adjust to and is critical to the creation of long term shareholder
value, especially in an increasingly resource constrained world. The DJSI has become
an effective engagement platform as it encourages competition among companies for
a... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
If companies that meet a certain size criteria decide not to participate, RobecoSAM
completes the questionnaire to their fullest extent based on publically available
information. The Assessed Universe is created following the results of the CSA
questionnaire as a result of companies are ranked against peers according to their
Total Sustainability Score. RobecoSAM then continues to monitor new coverage of
the companies in the universe on a daily basis, whether it is through media stories,
RepRisk, and etc., in order to analyze the company s involvement with the
environmental, social, economic issues that may negatively effect one s reputation
and core business. Through careful observation of the universe, RobecoSAM is
able to in decide whether a company s policies, processes, management systems, and
commitments shape into excellent positive performance. RobecoSAM then has 59
industries roll up into 24 global industry groups so that the top scoring company
from each is included on the DJSI. Not only does RobecoSAM stand as the basis for
the development of the DJSI, but it also provides insights used to conduct empirical
in house research or is used to measure the impact of corporate sustainability
performance on financial performance.
The triple bottom line is measured in three different categories including social,
environmental, and financial factors. The financial factors are easy to measure
18. How Did The Communist Manifesto A Successful Basis For...
Written by German philosophers Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in 1848, the
Communist Manifesto is one of the most intriguing and controversial works in
history. A political pamphlet written after an explosion of revolutionary struggles, it
provided a new thought on economic and social ideas.
With all of its distinction and eminence, the Communist Manifesto serves a great
deal of relevance to today s societies and governments. The political pamphlet served
as a basis for socialism for the next one hundred years after it was published. Many
countries experienced with its ideologies and fundamentals, but the majority did not
remain permanent. With the changes and experiences of those countries it was clear
that socialism was not a successful method of economic and social stability. As for
the countries that did remain socialist, their governments have reinforced and
supplemented ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Marx and Engels were absolute in their view as that is still evident in today s
societies and economies, the combined ideas of both systems in modern governments
show that neither socialism nor capitalism are take it all or leave it all comprehensive
theories, but systems that work to the best when the best ideas of both are combined.
The Communist Manifesto provides a great perception of economic struggles and
successes and a history filled with lessons and teachings. The argument that the
Communist Manifesto should or should not be regulated to the trash heap of
history is completely absurd. The Communist Manifesto is still relevant today and
serves as a basis for economic socialism, as well as being an important piece of
political history and one the exemplifies the ideas of economic government, it is a
complete piece of genius that should only be regarded with other important political
19. Black Female Stereotypes
As I reflect on the context of identity, I learned my role as a Black female educator
defied the stereotyped images of Black women. I have first hand experiences of
being marginalized based on one s race and gender, also, being stereotyped based on
the imagery in the media. For this reason, I want my dissertation to be an
autoethnographic exploration of my teaching experience, artwork, theoretical
research on feminismand critical racetheory. The following women: Bonnie Thorton
Dill and Ruth Zambrana (2017), Theodora Berry (2010), Patricia Hill Collins
(2000), Kimberly Crenshaw (1997) and Audre Lorde (2014) are role models based
on their feminist research and theory. I will draw upon an emerging critical Black
feminist perspective on intesectionality... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
These racialized images and visual codes continue to produce a meaning placed by
the gaze from the White American colonizers created for viewers to take part of
the convoluted discussions comprised of the social process and practices of
interpretation (Sturken and Cartwright, 2009). I theorize these fabrications of Black
women only heighten stereotypes that depend on historical myths and the viewers
cultural knowledge. The White gaze reproduces racial codes that have transformed
into the classroom and school s climate. I incorporate Jennifer Martin s (2015)
discussion of racial battle fatigue (RBF) of dealing with the daily environment of
microaggressions whether intentional or not and its effects on Black female art
educators identity. I plan to include Berry s (2010) Critical Race Feminism (CRF) to
explore my story as a teacher and artist to counter the master narrative of domination.
I share Thorton Dill and Zambrana s (2017) intersectional scholarship, examining the
exclusion and constraints exhibited in the lives and experiences of Black women. I
will explore the gap in feminist art education in the secondary education environment
that excludes the Black female artists. I realize the importance of how graphic
narratives can illustrate stories visually that may not communicate clearly through
words. The significance of the study is to provide a critical feminist lens to
interrogate the visual narrative of race, class, and gender disparities of Black female
art educators in secondary
20. The Assassination Of Julius Caesar By Michael Parenti
Nicholas Okada
10/21/14
APWH Period 4
Book Review: The Assassination of Julius Caesar by Michael Parenti
In The Assassination of Julius Caesar, Michael Parenti highlights the many
significant people and events that characterized the late Roman Republic.
Specifically, he focuses on the time period between the election of Tiberius Grachus,
to the rise of Augustus, the first emperor of Rome. In this account of history, Parenti
presents the social, political, and economic aspects of the Roman culture from the
perspective of the Roman commoner, or plebeian. Using this perspective, he also
spends a great amount of time examining the causes and effects of the assassination
of Julius Caesar. The views that Parenti presents in this book stand in sharp contrast
with the views of many ancient and modern historians, and offer an interesting and
enlightening perspective into class struggle in the society of the Roman republic.
Michael Parenti is known internationally as an author, lecturer, and political analyst.
He attended school in New York and Rhode Island, eventually receiving his Ph.D. in
political science from Yale University. Parenti taught at many colleges and
universities during his early career, but now mainly works as an analyst and author.
The opinions he expresses in his lectures and books show that he believes in a form
of marxism. He has written many books regarding American imperialism, the
political bias of media, communism, and much more.1
In his introduction,
21. Inclusion is Not a One Size Fits All Solution
Combining students attending traditional education classes and students with
exceptionalities is commonly termed as mainstreaming or integration. Inclusion is the
act or practice of including students with disabilities in regular school classes as
defined in Webster s dictionary (Webster, 2003). Ro Vargo was fortunate enough to
have parents who closely monitored the learning environment and advocated for their
daughter. They followed her educationeach step of the way. She continued to build on
positive responses and outcomes during her educational experiences of inclusionto
build her resiliency and reduce the impact of risk.
History has shown that when pushing for more changes in curriculum models to
include inclusion, the benefits are ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Instead, his response surprised them. He stated that other people had the concerns
and made the rules that prevent people like Ro from receiving First Communion.
(Villa Thousand, 2005, p. 28). But when Jesus saw it, he was indignant and said to
them, Let the children come to me; do not hinder them, for to such belongs the
kingdom of God. Truly, I say to you, whoever does not receive the kingdom of God
like a child shall not enter it. (Mark 10:14 15, New International Version). The
pastor was excited for Ro to participate, and the effect that it may have on the church
families to see her innocent, pure faith as she received her First Communion in God s
Temple. Including Ro gave the church the chance to teach and learn together, which
is a great example of inclusion.
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), passed in the Untied States
in 1975, says that to the maximum extent appropriate, handicapped children,
including those children in public and private institutions or other care facilities, are
educated with children who are not handicapped, and that special classes, separate
schooling, or other removal of handicapped children from the regular educational
environment occurs only when the nature or severity of the handicap is such that
education in regular classes with the use of supplementary aids and services cannot
be achieved satisfactorily (P.L. 94 142, В§ 1412 [5] [B]) (Villa
22. Jasmine By Bharati Mukherjee Sparknotes
In the novel Jasmine, Bharati Mukherjee talks about the hardships that Jasmine
faced throughout her life. First, Jasmine had to witness her husband s death.
Second, she had to find a way into America. Lastly, she was raped and abused by
Half Face. First, Jasmine witnesses the death of her husband, Prakash from a bomb
explosion while shopping. The police make her identify her husband as shes most
likely traumatized. In chapter 14, she states, If God sent Sukkhi to kill my husband,
then I renounce God. I spit on God. [1989, p98] This shows Jasmine s feelings about
the situation. Second, Jasmine travels to America to fulfill Prakash s dream of
moving there with her. She states, Hari prar arranged my illegal documents. [1989,
p98] which shows
23. Comparing Velazquez And Picasso s Paintings
Velazquez and Picasso made two similar painting s, both named las meninas. Both
of the painting s represent a princess being helped by her maids or helpers. While
Picasso s was very abstract, Velazquez s was very realistic. While Picasso s painting
focused more on the princess, Velazquez s painting focused more on the maids
/helpers.
Picasso s painting is the thought of the first paragraph. Picasso was a very abstract
artist. He almost made his painting s with stain glass. In the painting he made he
made the princess very big and beautiful. The maid stood by making her look
beautiful. I think Picasso was portraying that real beauty comes from the ones you
least expect. Although the princess was, well a princess, she could only become
beautiful with the help of her maids, if her maids weren t there then she wouldn t be
pretty. Although her maids aren t pretty that doesn t mean that true beauty comes
from the outside, and that s what I think picasso was trying to portray. ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Now Velazquez s painting is far different than Picassos. Velazquez s painting is
focused on the princess. It shows maids running around grabbing things and putting
them on the princess to get her ready for the day. It also shows Velazquez, standing
in the room looking at the chaos in front of him. There is also a dog and many maids
surrounding the dog and bowing to the princess. While the princess stands there and
has no emotion. This painting was titled las meninas. A very fitting title because the
princess does nothing while all the detail is set on the maids that are attending to the
24. Nicotine Dependence
Nicotine dependence remains a significant public health concern (Rep., 2011).
Cigarette smoking is the leading preventable cause of mortality in the United
States, accounting for approximately 1 out of every 5 deaths. On average, smokers
die 13 to 14 years earlier than nonsmokers. Additionally the estimates for average
annual smoking attributable productivity losses are $96.8 billion and the total
economic burden of smoking is approximately $193 billion per year (USDoHaH,
2000). Despite the availability of therapeutic options for smoking cessation, relapse
rates remain high (Piasecki, 2006; Pollak et al., 2007). Therefore, there is a need for
new, effective, strategies to assist cigarette smokers achieve abstinence.
Transcranial magnetic stimulation ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As has been shown in task activation studies (Hartwell et al., 2011; Li et al., 2013a),
chronic nicotine exposure leads to disordered functional connectivity in specific
circuits (Sutherland et al., 2013) and large scale networks (Weiland et al., 2015).
The left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is thought to be essential in the
exertion of executive control over emotions of craving and limbic reward circuits
associated with smoking (da Silva et al., 2013; Goldstein and Volkow, 2011).
Structural MRI studies have found that smokers have decreased gray matter volume
in the DLPFC (Brody et al., 2004; Gallinat et al., 2006). In fMRI studies, researchers
reported that smokers had hypo activation of the DLPFC and hyper activation of
subcortical areas as compared to both controls and former smokers (Nestor et al.,
2011). Recently another study demonstrated that decreased left DLPFC and increased
PCC percent BOLD signal change and increased withdrawal symptoms predicted
subsequent relapse (Loughead et al., 2015). These findings suggest that a disruption
of prefrontal cortex and subcortical reward circuits accompany nicotine dependence,
which may lead to the
25. Satire About Scrooge
Scrooge is overly grumpy and has extortionate avarice. He is a little miserly ol
curmudgeon. He hates things like happiness, kindness, and Christmas until a
clique of three apparitions comes and shows him otherwise. Scrooge was
definitely not very liberal, but he is odious, and misanthropic. Scrooge was a
miserable, depressed, heavy hearted man. According to the text, no one ever
stopped Scrooge in the street to say, with a gladsome look, My dear Scrooge, how
are you? When will you come to see me? Scrooge has an unfortunate reputation of
being antisocial, depressed, negative, untrustworthy. Scrooge is extremely uncaring,
and thoughtless to the poor people, as he thinks there is a jail for poor people. In
general, Scrooge is just very negative. The triplet of ghosts comes to show Scrooge
the reasons of why it is bad to be negative, antisocial, and untrustworthy. Scrooge is a
gargantuan jerk. The three ghosts give Scrooge a last chance to change his
unfortunate, bad reputation into a fortunate, positive reputation. The first of the three
spirits was the spirit of Christmaspast. The spirit of Christmas past took ol dolorous
Scrooge to see his past childhood. The text states that they passed through Scrooge
s wall, and stood upon an open country road, with fields on either end. This city had
vanished in present time. Good Heaven! Said Scrooge, clasping his hands together,
as he looked about him. I was bred in this place, I was a boy here. The significance is
26. Treaty Of Versailles Assignment
Jazmyne Turner
April 6th, 2016
HIS 112
Topic Six Writing Assignment
The Treaty of Versailles is a peace document that was signed at the end of World
War l by Allied powers and Germany at the Palace of Versailles, France on June 28th,
1919. However the treaty had taken effect on January 10th, 1920. The Arrangement
of Versailles was drafted by agents of Extraordinary England, the Unified States,
France, Italy and Japan without meeting with the crushed forces of Germany or Russia
or even with information by the influenced delegates of the national gatherings which
were protrusion together into new Slavic countries. By excluding nations which were
being influenced by the Settlement in the transaction handle yet forcing terms upon
them, none were ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Slavs found they had been discretionarily lumped together into five non specific
Slavic states by the authors of the Treaty who had neither thought nor concerns what
the national make ups of those nations really were made out of. A primary precept of
the Points, the privilege of every nationality to self determination should be a flat out
quality to control the consultations, yet the journalists did not welcome the Slavic
ethnic tribes to add to the rezoning of their national limits nor even give the African
and Asian pioneer delegates a chance to introduce their cases for freedom. This
pompous violation of social norms frequented the rest of the twentieth Century and
proceeds into the
28. Exciting Little Moments That Aren t Anymore
Exciting Little Moments That Aren t Anymore There were so many fun games
that I used to play as a kid. Games like lava monster involved us jumping and
running from one part of a playground to another and making sure we didn t get
caught by the lava monster. Tag and freeze tag got somewhat dangerous because if
we got cornered by the person who was it, we would try to make sure not to get
caught ― for example, jumping off of the play structures to run away. Four square,
four corners, waterfall and jumprope were all classic games that we played. Jump rope
was a challenging game. We would sing songs as we jumped rope like Bubble Gum,
Bubble Gum , Ice Cream Soda , Miss Mary Mack , or Cinderella and try to get the
jumper to miss and even add different challenges to do while you were jumping rope
like in Teddy Bear, Teddy Bear :
Teddy bear, teddy bear,
Turn around.
Teddy bear, teddy bear,
Touch the ground.
Nowadays, it s pretty much just sitting there with a piece of technology right in
front of me. In my free time, I used to frequently go outside to play at the park, with
my rabbits, read, watch TV, or play with legos. Now, I m usually spending my time
indoors, making things, reading, surfing the web or binge watching shows on my
laptop. In middle school during lunchtime, some days my friends and I would eat
lunch and chill, walk and talk, or play games like four square. I recall my friends
rushing out the door when the bell rang to grab a ball, jump rope, or even a
29. What About Bob Movie Analysis
What About Bob? is a great classic American movie about a guy named Bob who
is multi phobic and very insecure. Bob relies heavily upon therapist to live his
everyday life and does not know how to function without him. The funny movie
entails Bob getting a new therapist on his last day in town before a month vacation,
Bob then follows his therapist to his vacation home and brings out the worst of his
therapist. Bob is a lonely man who lives in New York in a small run down
apartment and does not have any known family members. The only things in Bobs
life are his pet fish Gill and his therapist. Bob has multi phobic personality and acute
separation anxiety. Bob struggles to leave his apartment because he has Mysophobia
which is the fear of germs.... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Halgin et. al (2010) continues saying common fears of people with agoraphobia
involve such situations as being home alone, in crowds, and especially forms of
public transportation. Bob fits these standards very well in the sense that he
worries about having panic attacks once he leaves his apartment every time. He
has panics constantly when he uses public transportation. For example before Bob
gets onto public transportation he struggles to get into the vehicle because he is
so worried and afraid and when he rides the bus to find Leo, he has a puke bag and
almost uses it because he is so worried. Another example about Bob having panic
disorder with agoraphobia is when Bob is leaving Leo s office he gets onto the
elevator. Once the doors close Bob screams because he does not like being in
elevators and is afraid of them. These examples fit right into the books definitions of
having panic disorder with
30. The Historical Context Of Nursing
Nursing was not always seen as a profession, therefore it is important to explore
what a profession is and its historical context related to nursing. Turkoski (1995)
states that profession is a social construct that was determined by a male worldview;
only men were allowed to have professions. Over time the concept of professionhas
moved beyond the gender divide and established a set of criteria that are non
gender specific. RNABC (as cited in Northrup et al, 2004) listed attributes that
explained how nurses were a profession. These attributes are, responsibility and
accountability to the public, have own body of knowledge, bound by a code
ethics, provide a service to the public and is self regulating. However, education is
missing from the RNABC standards of professional development, according the
Merriam Websters dictionary (2015) a profession is, a type of job that requires
special education, training or skill and requires specialized knowledge. Bluhm
(2014) adds that it is the specialized training that allows someone to be called a
nurse. Ten Hoeve, Jansen and Roodbol (2014) agree that education and
development of knowledge is the reason why nursing was raised to the professional
status. It is this knowledge development that has helped shaped what nursing is
today, and has allowed nurses to share a common worldview. Worldviews
(paradigms) frame global assumptions for vocabulary, theories and principles to
direct the development of ideas for a domain (Duff, 2011
31. America a Role in Iraq Essay
America a Role in Iraq
As Afghan opposition groups and U.S. armed forces continue their successes in the
war against the Taliban and al Qaeda, the American debate has quickly turned to the
question of where the fight against terrorism should go next. In numerous public
statements, President Bush has talked about a wide ranging campaign against global
terrorism. He has not committed to military operations against any other countries or
terrorist organizations, but he has made it clear that the broader struggle against
terrorism will be a long lasting effort that could include the use of military force in
regions beyond Afghanistan.
A strong case can be made that Iraq s leader, Saddam Hussein, is so threatening to
his people, his ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
policy, it was interpreted by many as a conscious effort to remind the world of the
dangers posed by Saddam and to begin to create a legal and political predicate to
justify an eventual American attack against him. Many overthrow advocates argue
that the United States should remove Saddam regardless of whether Iraq was
involved in the September 11 terrorist attacks or not.
Absent compelling evidence of significant Iraqi involvement with the al Qaeda
network or the events of September 11, the likely costs and risks of a commitment
of American military forces to a regime change campaign in Iraq would outweigh
the benefits. A U.S. overthrow campaign would entail a large scale military
operation that the United States would probably have to undertake essentially alone;
the increased risk of triggering terrorist attacks against American or allied targets;
significant American casualties given the potential for intense urban combat and
Iraqi use of chemical and biological agents; and the likely need for a long term
American military presence in Iraq to avoid regional destabilization. While these
costs and risks are not so high as to rule out a possible overthrow policy under certain
circumstances, they should be sobering to any advocate of sending U.S. troops to war
to change the Iraqi regime. The central assumption behind this argument is that
Saddam unlike the religiously motivated Taliban/al Qaeda network is more interested
in
32. Personal Health Portfolio Analysis
The personal health portfolio is an assignment to determine my lifestyle, social and
environmental factors that risk for heart diseases. Based on my checklist, l had two
lifestyle areas that I needed to improve. The lifestyle areas are: 1.Healthy diet
пѓ Eating of vegetables and fruits пѓ Eating of nuts, legumes, and seeds 2.Healthy
body weight пѓ Physical activity Daily running Vegetables and fruit: I will make
sure I have various kinds of vegetables and fruits available at home. I will add
vegetables and fruits snack to my diet menu chart at least once a day three times a
week. I will always have vegetables or fruit juice to drink at least 16 ounces a day
Nuts, legumes, and seeds: I will make sacks of nuts, legumes, and seeds available at
33. Sister Carrie As A Moral Problem
Brill1
The 1890s in America was a time of change for many Americans. Cities were starting
to change rapidly due to industrial expansion and population growth.1 Many people
felt the need to reinvent themselves to achieve a higher social status.2 This time
period created a new generation of Americans who needed the instant gratification of
material things without working for them.3 Through these actions, some Americans
even began to discard traditional American mores and values that were once held so
highly. Theodore Dreiser?s novel Sister Carrie is an example of the drastic changes
happening in this time period. ?Sister Carrie from the beginning was discussed as
a moral problem.?4 Dreiser?s first novel was almost ?consigned to limbo.?5
Society could not accept a novel that disobeyed the social values, mores, and rules
of the 1890s.6 Also, society did not believe that the plot was realistic to the time
period.7 This novel shows ??The division between the haves and the have nots of
the country has come to seem particularly stark, and when traditional American
mores governing the meanings and the purposes of wealth have largely eroded.?8
As the reader sees the development of American society in Theodore Dreiser?s
Sister Carrie, there is a constant rejection of American mores and values by Carrie
and those around her. In the novel Sister Carrie, material things and money are held
extremely high. From the beginning of the novel we see Carrie begin to hold them up
34. Examining the Correlation Between More Schooling and...
The second article under consideration is discussing the correlation reflects causality
from more schooling to better health. For example, past studies suggest that years of
formal schooling completed is the most important correlate of good health; however,
the relationship may be traced in part to reverse causalitysince a longer life
expectancy increases the payoffs to investments in schooling and since healthier
students may attend school for longer periods of time (Grossman, 2008). In this
study, the author s strategy is to select several older papers that point to or question
causal effects. The author deals with the empirical literature on the relationship
between an individual s own healthand own schooling or between child health... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is because as a consumption commodity, health is a direct source of utility; as an
investment commodity, it determines the total amount of time in a period that can be
allocated to work in the market and to the production of commodities in the non
market sector (Grossman, 2008). The model is displayed below: (1) where H is a
positive function of health because increases in health lower the time lost from these
activities due to illness and injury (∂h/∂Hв‰
ЎG 0), M is the inputs of medical
care, T is the own time of the consumer, S is the years of formal schooling
completed, ПЃ is the positive parameter, and F is the linear homogeneous in M and
T. Schooling has a productive efficiency effect in the sense that an increase in S
raises the amount of health obtained from given amounts of M and T. Since H is
homogeneous of degree one in these two input, an increase in schooling raises their
marginal products on average. The specification in equation (1) assumes that a one
unit increase in S raises each marginal product by the same percentage (ПЃ)
(Grossman, 2008). The consumer maximizesWh ПЂH, where W is the wage rate and
ПЂ is the marginal or average cost of producing health. The first order condition for
optimal H is WG=ПЂ (2) and using this equation, one obtains formulas for the
optimal percentage changes in the quantities of H and M caused by a one unit
increase in schooling (S):
35. Evaluate the Relevance and Adequacy of the Balanced
Score...
Question
(a)Evaluate the relevance and adequacy of the Balanced Score Card as an instrument
for perfomance management.
Introduction
The Balanced Scorecard is a strategic performance management framework that has
been designed to help an organisation monitor its performance and manage the
execution of its strategy. Kaplan and Norton (1996a, 1996b) pointed out that the
implementation of the Balance Score Card is to attain the following goals clarify and
translate vision and strategy, communicate and link objectives and measures, plan, set
targets, and align strategic initiatives; and enhance strategic feedback and learning.
A growing number of firms are replacing their financially based performance
measurement and compensation ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
David Norton 1992).With The Balance score card managers the organization is able
to cover customer objectives such as customer satisfaction, market share goals as well
as product and service attributes.
Internal Business Processes
Internal processes that lead to high financial goals for example quality and product
reliability, speed in fulfilling customer needs and also speed in response to customer
complaints and these elements will have an impact on the service to customers.
According to Arifinfo June 2, 2011, the internal processes include improving the
quality and reliability products lowering the number of products that fail, increase
speed of service developing innovation process and develop production capacity
hence performance management is enhanced. Again organizations can cover internal
operational goals and outlines the key processes necessary to deliver the customer
objectives.
Learning and Growth
The Balance Scorecard is relevant and its adequacy lies on that it gives the
organization the ability of employees, technology tools and effects of change to
support organizational goals. A learning and growth metric (or employee metric) is a
framework for quantitatively assessing employee satisfaction, productivity, and
retention in the framework of the balanced scorecard (BSC).A metric that is not just
behavioral and
36. Influence Of Netflix
Netflix is an American entertainment company founded by Reed Hastings and Marc
Randolph on August 29, 1997, in Scotts Valley, California. It specializes in
streaming a wide range of award winning TV shows, movies, documentaries and
more on thousands of different internet connected devises. With Netflix, its
consumers can enjoy viewing the content with no disturbance of a commercial.
There s always something new to discover as more TV shows and movies are added
every month. Netflix has also been officially launch in Singapore as of January 2016.
Social Forces
Demographic
Netflix is generally popular with the teenagers, young adults and parents. Stats have
also shown that the large skew of Netflix consumers are aged between 25 39 and 1 in
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It synchronizes video playback and adds group chat.
Attitudes and Belief
With over thousands of series and movies to choose from, the different genres made
available a consumer will have a variety of series/movies to watch at their own timing.
Consumer Lifestyle
Netflix consumer lifestyle can be people from all the different walks of life. From
student, to young working adult, married couple with and without kids and even a
retiree.
Social cultural Influences on the Consumer Behaviour
Personal, Family Influence
Word of mouth, a friend or family members is a consumer of netflix and
recommended it.
Family Influence
Family life cycle; Netflix maybe generally new in Singapore, but if a family has all
positive impact and enjoy Netflix as a whole, the cycle will repeat for the next
generation.
Family decision making; Parents/ children (information gatherer influencer) Parents
(decision maker/purchaser) All family members (users)
Conclusion: Let s make Netflix great in Singapore! With our in demand and busy
lifestyle, most Singaporeans don t have the privilege to enjoy local scheduled TVs
show. With Netflix, scheduled TVs show can be a thing of the
37. Jesus s Last Supper
Jesus s last supper with his disciples has been a prominent story within the New
Testament. At Jesus s last supper, he delivers a speech on how to remember him
once he is gone. Within the gospels of Matt, Mark, Luke, and John much is
communicated within just a few verses; unfortunately, these accounts differ so much
that it is difficult to know exactly what happened at this supper. The earliest witness
of the synoptic gospels are Mark and Matthew (Marks first). You can say the
accounts of Mark and Matthew are nearly identical. This is due to the fact that
Matthew originates from the same cultural background of Mark. Matthew has a
tendency of mirroring Marks work and adding his own stuff to his narrative. They
wrote their gospels with the
38. Iraq 2003 Research Paper
The invasion of Iraq 2003 had an impact on Iraq and its civilians on a profound
level. There remains considerable controversy in regards to Iraq s political and
military transition. Human rights protection should be built into the institutional
framework for a future Iraq. Men, women and children were impacted physically and
psychologically as a result of the crimes committed by the US. A rights focus point
will strengthen the cooperation of Iraqi civilians in the transition process and will
reinforce the consideration of the occupying power and interim administration to the
people of Iraq. The US obtains primary responsibilities such as the protection and
welfare of civilians in Iraq, with the inclusion of the duty to respect their fundamental
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The reports on the abuse and mistreatment of Iraqi detainees by US officials at Abu
Ghraib prison undermined the public reputation and image of the United States across
the globe. Domestic and international opponents of the initial decision to invade Iraq
in 2003, triggered criticism of the current US policies to a profound level. The
aftermaths of the invasion had negative repercussions on the relationship between the
two governments. Although, US forces practised persuasion, diplomacy, and
financial aid to support various Iraqi factions. By 2008, these actions were consistent
in faltering the insurgency. As a result, the military and political situations stabilised.
By this stage, President Barack Obama eventually terminated the US military
presence in Iraq. Obama pledged to transfer responsibility for Iraq s future to the
Iraqi people and to engage in regional diplomacy to ease external pressures on the
country (Hahn, 2012). In his pledge in August 2007, Obama stated that he would
close Guantanamo, reject the Military Commissions Act, and adhere to the Geneva
Conventions. Our Constitution and our Uniform Code of Military Justice provide a
framework for dealing with the terrorists (Obama,
39. Transportation Issues Of The Joplin Missouri Area
Transportation Issues in the Joplin Missouri Area and Their Effects Upon the
Rural Population it Serves David Adams Western New Mexico University
Identified in this paper is the social issue of public transportation within the Joplin,
Missouri area. The effects of this issue span gender, Joplin, Missouri is at the
intersection of two of the busiest intersections in all of Missouri, I44 and Highway
71. Although this center for commerce is busy and growing, in many ways it still
acts like the small town it got it beginnings from. According to the city s website and
the 2010 Census pole, the population of Joplin is approximately 50,175 and growing
to an estimated 50,789, with the poverty rate of 19%, versus the state as a whole...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Public transportation provides numerous positive attributes to the community at
large. It enhances personal opportunities by providing personal mobility and
freedom, gives people transportation options to get to work, go to school, visit
friends, or go to a doctor s office, provides access to job opportunities. It saves fuel
and reduces congestion, provides economic opportunities and drives community
growth and revitalization. Statistically, every $1 invested in public transportation
generates approximately $4 in economic returns, every $10 million in capital
investment in public transportation yields $30 million in increased business sales,
every $10 million in operating investment yields $32 million in increased business
sales, and from 2006 2011, residential property values performed 42 percent better
on average if they were located near public transportation with high frequency
service. Public transportation saves money and reduces gasoline consumption.
According to APTA s transit saving report, a two person household can save, on the
average, more than $10,174 a year by downsizing to one car. Public transportation
use in the United States saves 4.2 billion gallons of gasoline annually and households
near public transit drive an average of 4,400 fewer miles than households with no
access to public transit. Public transportation also reduces the carbon footprint in that
its use
40. The Pros And Cons Of Joint Implants
Many years back one may have not of thought that a joint could be replaced with an
implant, the implant also being man made. Between the years 1960 and 1970 there
were a number of materials that were tried as joint implants. Some materials that were
tired were; stainless steel, cobalt chromium, and Teflon. While between 1980 1990
cobalt chromium and polyethylene was the choice material for implants. Many
materials are tired because of the problem with ear and friction. As small particles
from the implant are shed into the surrounding joint cavity, it causes and aggressive
inflammatory response and possible osteolysis. The many types of materials are
tested and studied for solution. The best research comes from clinical results of
patients who have had a joint replaced by an implant.
The main reasons one seeks joint replacement is for the relief of pain and improved
joint function/ mobility. Because of the pain dealing with join diseases or injuries,
many people are unable to perform ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
One problem a person could face with implants is that if may cause blood clots,
which in turn could lead to issues such as deep venous thrombosis. Another
disadvantage could be stiffness or the implant not working properly. The goal of
the implant is to mimic the use of a real joint. When this does not happen the
patient may find themselves having to return to the operating room for an
adjustment, replacement or removal of some kind. Over time after about 15 to 20
years the implant will eventually wear and require replacement. So time could also
be seen as a disadvantage. Sometimes the implant will dislocate or loosen, but this
should rarely occur. An implant may have some cosmetic appearance issues. The
implant may cause the joint to look different, it may be uneven, and of course it
will leave a scar. By having an implant to replace a joint it could make ones quality of
life seem
41. The Pros And Cons Of The Montreal Protocol
The enactment of the Montreal Protocol is a classic case of a domestic debate being
internationalised at the world stage. The initial controversy started in the United
States in the 1970s with the advent of scientific research on the link between a
chemical called Chlorofluorocarbon (also known as CFC) popularly used in the
aerosols, air conditioning and refrigeration, solvents, foams and fire retardants
sectors, and ozone depletion. This scientific discovery generated health concerns
among the population as the thinning of the atmosphere puts individuals at risk of
exposure to Ultraviolet Radiation (URV), which is itself tied to an array of health
conditions such as skin cancer. Responding to these public concerns, the United
States Congress introduced restrictions on non essential CFC uses (Kaniaru,
2007:45). However, this ban was initially contested by domestic chemical producers
who sought to discredit scientific research on the danger posed by those chemicals
for the thinning of the atmosphere to protect their economic interests. Yet, as new
information on the existence of an ozone hole in the Antarctic Pole surfaced in the
1980s and as European competitors gained control over the market for CFCs,
American chemical producers position shifted from fighting against domestic
regulations to pushing for international ones so as to create a level playing field at
the international level. This corporatist (Schmitter, 1974:93 94) mobilisation thus
created a political space for the enactment of the Montreal... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
By 2010, all Parties to the Protocol had complied with their targets and 98% of all
ODS were ultimately phased out (UNEP, 2010). Furthermore, studies have shown
that had the Protocol not been enacted, the Antarctic ozone hole would have
expanded by 40% by 2013 and the ozone layer elsewhere would have thinned by 15%
(Chipperfield al,