This document discusses dental composite materials. It provides a brief history, noting their introduction in the 1960s and improvements over time, including the development of microfilled and hybrid composites in the 1980s-1990s. The document outlines the composition of dental composites, including monomers, photo initiators, fillers like silica and glass. It also discusses different filler types and particle sizes, as well as setting mechanisms like chemical, light, and dual cures. Advantages include esthetics, bonding to tooth structure, and disadvantages include shrinkage and required skill. The document classifies composites by handling characteristics and location of restoration fabrication. It concludes with the method and clinical application of dental composites.

1. Dental Composite
Lecture no.1
Done by
Assistant lecturer
Ahmed Ali Jasim
Operative Dentistry Department
College of Dentistry / Mustansiriyah University

2. Dental composite resins are esthetic
dental restorative material made
of synthetic resins.

3. History of Dental composite
• Before 1960 silicates and unfilled resins
• 1970s introduction of the two paste , UV and visible light activation
All suffered from poor properties and esthetic

4. History of Dental composite
• 1980s introduction of the Micro-filled composite
Better esthetic but poor strength
• 1990s until now introduction of the Hybrid composite
Better esthetic and properties and handling

5. Composition of Dental composite
Composite resins are most commonly composed of :
• Monomers (synthetic resin) organic phase
I. Photo initiator
II. Coupling agent
III. Matrix
• Filler material such as (silica / glass ) inorganic phase
Further tailoring of physical properties is achieved by formulating unique
concentrations of each constituent.

6. Filler types and particle size
Glass fillers (silica zirconia alumina etc…)can be further subdivided
based on their particle size and shapes such as:
Macro-filled filler 5 - 10 µm
Micro-filled filler ~ 0.4 µm
Hybrid filler 0.01 - 8 µm
Nano-filled filler 20-70 nm
Nano-Hybrid filler Nano – micro mix

7. Setting mechanisms of Dental composite
Types of setting mechanisms:
• Chemical cure (self-cure / dark cure)
• Light cure
• Dual cure (setting both chemically and by light)

8. Advantages of Dental composite :
• Reasonably inexpensive
• Lack of corrosion
• Reduced mercury exposure
• Reparability

9. Advantages of Dental composite :
• Insoluble
• Bonding to tooth structure
• Good tooth-like appearance
• Insensitive to dehydration
• Easy to manipulate
• Tooth-sparing preparation
• Reasonably inexpensive
• Lack of corrosion
• Reduced mercury exposure
• Reparability

10. Disadvantages of Dental composite
• Composite shrinkage and secondary caries
• Durability
• Skill and training required
• Isolation
• Time and expense

11. Classification of Dental composite according to
handling characteristics
• Universal: advocated for general use, oldest subtype of resin composite
• Flowable: fluid consistency, used for very small restorations
• Packable: stiffer, more viscous material used solely for posterior parts of the
mouth

12. Classification of Dental composite according to location
of fabrication of the restoration
• Direct dental composites (inside patient mouth)
i. Filling cavity preparations
ii. Filling gaps (diastemas) between teeth using a shell-like veneer or
iii. Minor reshaping of teeth
iv. Partial crowns on single teeth

13. Classification of Dental composite according to
location of fabrication of the restoration
• Indirect dental composites (outside patient mouth)
I. Filling cavities in teeth, as fillings, inlays and/or onlays
II. Filling gaps (diastemas) between teeth using a shell-like veneer or
III. Reshaping of teeth
IV. Full or partial crowns on single teeth
V. Bridges spanning 2-3 teeth

14. Method and clinical application of Dental composite
1. Cavity preparation and cleaning

15. Method and clinical application of Dental composite
2.Tooth surface preparation
Acid etch or sand blast

16. Method and clinical application of Dental composite
2.Application of the bonding
agent

17. Method and clinical application of Dental composite
3. Placement of the Dental Composite

18. Method and clinical application of Dental composite
3. Finishing ,Polishing And Checking Occlusion
Of The Dental Composite