The document summarizes the Delhi Sultanate period from 1206 to 1489 CE, including the different dynasties that ruled - the Mamluks, Khaljis, Tughlaqs, Sayyids, and Lodis. It also describes several important monuments constructed during this time, including the Qutub Minar, Tughlaqabad Fort, Alai Darwaza, Jammat Khana Masjid, Ghiasuddin Tughlaq's tomb, and Hazrat Nizamuddin Aulia Dargah.

1. THE DELHI SULTANS
AND THEIR
MONUMENTS
BY
ARUSH KASHYAP
ISHANTH GOWDA
DIGANTH GOWDA
MRIDUL KUMAR JHA
SUNAY SHET

2. CHAUHANS
[1175-1192]
 Prithviraj III, popularly known as Prithviraj
Chauhan or Rai Pithora was a king from the
Chahamana dynasty. He ruled
Sapadalaksha, the traditional Chahamana
territory, in present-day north-western India.
 Early in his career, Prithviraj achieved military
successes against several neighbouring
Hindu kingdoms, most notably against the
Chandela king Paramardi. He also repulsed
the early invasions by Muhammad of Ghor, a
ruler of the Muslim Ghurid dynasty. However,
in 1192 CE, the Ghurids defeated Prithviraj at
the Second battle of Tarain, and executed
him shortly after. His defeat at Tarain is seen
as a landmark event in the Islamic conquest
of India, and has been described in several
semi-legendary accounts.

3. THE EARLY TURKISH
RULERS [1206-1290]
 Mu'izz ad-Din Muhammad Ghori,
born Shihab ad-Din, also known as
Muhammad of Ghor, was the
Sultan of the Ghurid Empire along
with his brother Ghiyath ad-Din
Muhammad from 1173 to 1202
and as the sole ruler from 1202 to
1206.
 Qutb al-Din Aibak was a general of
the Ghurid king Mu'izz ad-Din
Muhammad Ghori. He was in-
charge of the Ghurid territories in
northern India, and after Mu'izz ad-
Din's death, he became the ruler
of an independent kingdom that
evolved into the Delhi Sultanate
ruled by the Mamluk dynasty.

4. THE EARLY TURKISH
RULERS [1206-1290]
 Shams ud-Din Iltutmish, was the
third of the Mamluk kings who
ruled the former Ghurid
territories in northern India. He
was the first Muslim sovereign
to rule from Delhi, and is thus
considered the effective founder
of the Delhi Sultanate.
 Raziya al-Din, popularly known
as Razzia Sultan, was a ruler of
the Delhi Sultanate in the
northern part of the Indian
subcontinent. She is notable for
being the first female Muslim
ruler of the Indian Subcontinent.

5. THE EARLY TURKISH
RULERS [1206-1290]
 Ghiyas ud din Balban; was the ninth
sultan of the Mamluk dynasty of
Delhi. Ghiyas ud Din was the wazir of
the last Shamsi sultan, Nasiruddin
Mahmud. He reduced the power of
the treacherous nobility and
heightened the stature of the sultan.
 He was the son of a Central Asian
Turkic noble. As a child, he and
others from his tribe were captured by
the Mongols and sold as slaves in
Ghazni. He was sold to Khwaja Jamal
ud-din of Basra, a Sufi who
nicknamed him Baha ud din. The
Khwaja brought him to Delhi where
he and the other slaves were bought
by Sultan Shams-ud-din Iltutmish,
himself a captured Ilbari Turk in
origin, in 1232.

6. KHILJI DYNASTY
[1290-1320]
 Jalal-ud-din Khalji was the founder
and first Sultan of the Khalji dynasty
that ruled the Delhi Sultanate from
1290 to 1320. Originally named
Firuz, Jalal-ud-din started his career
as an officer of the Mamluk dynasty,
and rose to an important position
under Sultan Muizzuddin Qaiqabad.
 ʿAlāʾ ud-Dīn Khaljī, born as Ali
Gurshasp, was the most powerful
emperor of the Khalji dynasty that
ruled the Delhi Sultanate in the
Indian subcontinent. Alauddin
instituted a number of significant
administrative changes, related to
revenues, price controls, and
society.

7. TUGHLUQ DYNASTY
[1320-1414]
 Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq,
Ghiasuddin Tughlaq, or Ghazi
Malik, was the founder of the
Tughluq dynasty in India, who
reigned over the Sultanate of Delhi
from 1320 to 1325. He founded
the city of Tughluqabad. He died
under mysterious circumstances in
1325.
 Muhammad bin Tughluq was the
Sultan of Delhi from 1325 to 1351.
He was the eldest son of Ghiyas -
ud -Din -Tughlaq, the founder of
the Tughluq dynasty. His wife was
the daughter of the Raja of
Dipalpur.

8. TUGHLUQ DYNASTY
[1320-1413]
 Sultan Firoz Shah Tughlaq was a
Muslim ruler of the Tughlaq
dynasty, who reigned over the
Sultanate of Delhi from 1351 to
1388. His father's name was
Rajab who had the title
Sipahsalar.
 Tughlaq was a fervent Muslim and
adopted sharia policies. He made
a number of important
concessions to theologians. He
imposed Jizya tax on all non-
Muslims. He tried to ban practices
that the orthodox theologians
considered un-Islamic, an
example being his prohibition of
the practice of Muslim women
going out to worship at the graves
of saints.

9. SAYYID DYNASTY
[1414-145`]
 Sayyid Khizr Khan was the founder
of the Sayyid dynasty, the ruling
dynasty of the Delhi sultanate, in
northern India soon after the
invasion of Timur and the fall of the
Tughlaq dynasty. Khan was
Governor of Multan under the
Tughlaq ruler, Firuz Shah Tughlaq,
and was known to be an able
administrator.
 A contemporary writer Yahya
Sirhindi mentions in his Takhrikh-i-
Mubarak Shahi that Khizr Khan
was a descendant of Muhammad,
but his conclusion was based only
on a testimony of the saint Syed
Jalal-ud-Din Bukhari of Uchh
Sharif.

10. LODI DYNASTY
[1451-1526]
 Bahlul Khan Lodi was the chief of
the Pashtun Lodi tribe. Founder of
the Lodi dynasty from the Delhi
Sultanate upon the abdication of
the last claimant from the previous
Sayyid rule. Bahlul became sultan
of the dynasty on 19 April 1451.
 Bahlul's grandfather, Malik Bahram
Lodhi, a Pashtun tribal chief of
Lodhi tribe. He later took service
under the governor of Multan,
Malik Mardan Daulat. Malik
Bahram had a total of about five
sons.

11. MONUMENTS
MADE BY
DELHI SULTANS [1206-1489]
 The Monuments
Constructed In The Period
Of The Delhi Sultans Are :-
 QUTUB MINAR
 TUGHLAKABAD FORT
 ALAI DARWAZA
 JAMMAT KHANA MASJID
 GHIYASUDDIN TUGHLAQ'S
TOMB
 HAZRAT NIZAMUDDIN AULIA
DARGAH

12. QUTUB MINAR
 The Qutub Minar, also
spelled as Qutub Minar and
Qutub Minar, is a minaret
and "victory tower" that
forms part of the Qutub
complex, a UNESCO World
Heritage Site in the Mehrauli
area of New Delhi, India.
The height of Qutub Minar is
72.5 meters, making it the
tallest minaret in the world
built of bricks.

13. TUGHLAKABAD FORT
 Tughlaqabad Fort is a ruined fort in
Delhi, built by Ghiyas-ud-din
Tughlaq, the founder of Tughlaq
dynasty, of the Delhi Sultanate of
India in 1321, as he established the
third historic city of Delhi, which was
later abandoned in 1327.
 In 1321, Ghazi Malik drove away the
Khaljis and assumed the title of
Ghias-ud-din Tughlaq, starting the
Tughlaq dynasty. He immediately
started the construction of his fabled
city, which he dreamt of as an
impregnable, yet beautiful fort to
keep away the Mongol marauders.

14. ALAI DARWAZA
 Ala'i Darwaza is the southern
gateway of the Quwwat-ul-Islam
Mosque in Qutb complex,
Mehrauli, Delhi, India. Built by
Sultan Alauddin Khalji in 1311
and made of red sandstone, it is
a square domed gatehouse with
arched entrances and houses a
single chamber.
 It was a part of his plan to extend
the Quwwat-ul-Islam Mosque on
four sides. It serves as the
southern gateway of the mosque.

15. JAMMAT KHANA MASJID
 The Jamat Khana Masjid or Khilji
Mosque is the earliest mosque in
Delhi that continues to be used for
worship. Built by Khizr Khan, son of
Sultan Alauddin Khilji (Khilji
Dynasty) in 1315-1325 AD, the
mosque is the largest structure in
the Nizamuddin Basti Dargah
enclosure (Nizam-ud-Din Auliya
Shrine Complex). Each of the three
bays has a domed roof with the
central one being the largest, as is
the practice. Marble finials adorn
the top the domes. The central bay
and the entrance archway are
embellished with bands of exquisite
geometric motifs and Quranic
inscriptions.

16. GHIYASUDDIN TUGHLAQ'S TOMB
 Emperor Ghiyas ud-Din
Tughluq (r. 1320-25) the
founder of the Tughlaq
dynasty built the third city of
Delhi- Tughlaqabad,
between 1321-1325.
Originally his tomb was
surrounded by a reservoir
and was attached to the
Tughlaqabad fort by a
causeway. The tomb stands
at the center of a pentagonal
enclosure with high walls.

17. HAZRAT NIZAMUDDIN AULIA
DARGAH
 Nizamuddin Dargah is the
Dargah of the Sufi saint
Khwaja Nizamuddin Auliya.
Situated in the Nizamuddin
West area of Delhi, the
dargah is visited by
thousands of pilgrims every
week. The site is also
known for its evening
qawwali devotional music
sessions.