Description about Rule on Delhi that started with Tomar Ruler Ananga Pala who was overthroned by Prithviraj Chauhan and then Delhi moved into hands of Md Ghori. From there Muslim Rule started in India. And this presentation is totally related to the topic

1. EWING CHRISTIAN COLLEGE,
PRAYAGRAJ
TE-657 HISTORY
TOPIC:- DELHI SULTANATE
SUBMITTED TO – SUBMITTED BY -
DR KAVITA SHARMA SATYA PRIYA DWIVEDI
DEPARTMENT OF TEACHER EDUCATION, ROLL NO. 016, SESSION:- 2020-2022
EWING CHRISTIAN COLLEGE, PRAYAGRAJ. ENROLLMENT NO. ECC20BED016

2. DELHI SULTANATE
INTRODUCTION:-
• Delhi became first the capital under ANANGA PALA Tomar Rajput and then PRITHVIRAJ CHAUHAN of
chauhan dynasty of Ajmer defeated Tomar and Captured Delhi.
• Under Tomar and Chauhan Delhi became important Commercial Centre.
• Many rich Jain and other merchants lived in Delhi who built several temples.
• Prithviraj Chauhan was the important ruler of Delhi.

3. HISTORICAL SOURCES
• LITERARY SOURCES
Prithviraj Raso by Chandra Bardai
Tahqiq e Hind by Alberuni(father of Indology)
Tareek al Hind by Alberuni
Rihla by Ibn Batuta
• MONUMENTS
Qutub Minar, Lodi Garden, Tomb of Mohammad Shah, etc.
• COINS
• Issued by Iltutmish Jintal and Tanka
• Many Rulers has issued coins.
• INSCRIPTIONS

4. Mu’izz ad-Din Muhammad Ghori’s
INVASION
• First Battle of Tarrain 1191 AD.
• Prithviraj Chauhan vs Ghori, Prithviraj was victorious.
• Second Battle of Tarrain 1192 AD.
• Prithviraj Chauhan vs Ghori, Gori was victorious and captured Delhi.
• Ghori Ruled India from 1192 AD to 1206 AD then returned to Ghazni in Afghanistan

5. SUCCESSOR OF GHORI
• Ghor: Ghiyath al-Din Mahmud (as Emir of Ghor)
• Ghazni: Taj ad-Din Yildiz (as Emir of Ghazni)
• Delhi: Qutbu l-Din Aibak (as Sultan of Delhi)
• Bengal: Muhammad bin Bakhtiyar Khilji (as Sultan of Bengal)
• Multan: Nasir-ud-Din Qabacha (as Sultan of Multan)

6. DYNASTIES OF
DELHI SULTANATE
SLAVE DYNASTY( 1206-1290)
KHILJI DYNASTY ( 1290- 1320
TUGHLUQ DYNASTY ( 1320- 1414)
SAYYID DYNASTY ( 1414-1451)
LODI DYNASTY (1451-1526)

7. SALVE DYNASTY ( 1206 AD –
1290 AD )
• QUTUB-UD-DIN AIBEK (1206 AD – 1210 AD)
1. Gori appointed as the General of Delhi. He was the 1st Salve Ruler of Delhi.
2. He made Adhai Din ka Jhopada at Ajmer and started to built Qtub Minar at Delhi
but failed to complete it.
• SHAMS-UD-DIN ILTUTMISH (1210 AD – 1236 AD)
1. He was Son-in-law of QUTBUDIN AIBAK.
2. He completed the work of Qtub Minar.
3. ILTUTMISH created the famous corps of the forty slaves and made Balban it’s head.

8. • RAZIA SULTANA ( 1236 AD – 1240 AD )
1. She was the 1st and only Muslim woman ruler.
2. She was more able and qualified than her brother’s but queen’s rule was not accpted. So, she was removed from
throne in 1240AD.
• GHIYAS-UD-DIN BALBAN ( 1266 AD – 1287 AD )
1. Suppression of Rebellions, Re-organisation of Army and Spy system formed by Balban.
2. He restored Crown’s prestige by the policy of absolute despotism, Kingship and ensuring security issues.
3. He ordered for Sijda (prostration) and paibos (feet- kissing) as the normal form of Salutation for the king.
4. He prohibited drinking, jokes, laugh and even smile among the courtiers and officers.

9. KHILJI DYNASTY (1290 AD –
1320 AD)
JALAL-UD-DIN KHILJI ( 1290 AD – 1296 AD )
1. Jalal-ud-din Khilji formed Khilji Dynasty by replacing Slave Dynasty.
2. He saved his empire from Mongols invasions.
3. In 1296, he was killed by his nephew Alauddin Khilji
ALA-UD-DIN KHILJI ( 1296 AD – 1316 AD )
1. He was the most powerful ruler of his dynasty and Delhi Sultanate.
2. He titled as the Second Alexender aka Sikander-i-Sani and desired to become the Second Alexender.

10. Major Reforms-
• Revenue Reforms, Market Reforms , Social Reforms , Military Reforms and Revenue Reforms
• Alaudin fixed the prices of the commodities according to the real value, which made people survive
efficiently at a low salary. Alauddin defeated the Mongols everytime they tried to attack Delhi.
• Alauddin was the first Muslim King who invaded Southern India with the help of his most loyal servant
Malik Kafur.

11. TUGHLUQ DYNASTY (1320 AD
– 1414 AD )
• GHIYAS-UD-DIN TUGHLUQ ( 1320 AD – 1324 AD )
• He was a wise and liberal ruler.
• He structured a improved postal system and encouraged agriculture.
• He crushed the revolts in the unfriendly provinces with sturdy influence and resorted harmony, law and order.
• MOHAMMAD TUGHLUQ ( 1324 AD – 1351 AD )
• He annexed several kingdoms around his land/territories.
• He defeated the Mongols, who attacked the Delhi Sultanate.
• He shifted the capital from Delhi to Daulatabad.

12. • (iv) He created federal financial offices to keep check of the financial activity.
• FIROZ SHAH TUGHLUQ ( 1351 AD – 1388 AD )
• He established the Diwan-i-Khairat – office for charity
• He established the Diwan-i-Bundagan – department of slave
• He established Sarais (rest house) for the benefits of merchants and other travellers
• He adopted the Iqtadari framework
• He is known to establish four new towns, Firozabad, Fatehabad, Jaunpur and Hissar
• He established hospitals known as Darul-Shifa, Bimaristan or Shifa Khana
• Taxes imposed under Firoz Shah Tughlaq:- (a) Kharaj, (b) Zakat, (c) Kham and (d) Jaziya
• He also repaired the Qutub Minar which had been damaged by an earthquake.

13. SAYYID DYNASTY ( 1414 AD –
1451 AD )
• KHIZR KHAN ( 1414 AD – 1421 AD )
• He was the founder of the Sayyid dynasty after Tughluq Dynasty.
• Mubarak Shah took the throne after his death in 1421

14. LODI DYNASTY (1451 AD –
1526 AD)
• BAHLOL LODI ( 1451 AD – 1489 AD )
• A Sincere Muslim:- As a ruler Bahlul was liberal in his general and religious viewpoint.
• He conquested twopowerful regions Malwa and Jaunpur.
• SIKANDAR LODI ( 1489 AD – 1517 AD)
• He was considered as the best Sultan of the Lodi dynasty.
• He incredibly broadened the limits of his realm by adding Jaunpur, Chanderi, Dholpur and Gwalior.
• He founded a city Agra and transferred his Capital to Sikandarabad, Agra.
• Sikandar Lodi organized and controlled the entire system of his kingdom with a proper arrangement
and administration.

15. • Religious Policy:- Sikandar Lodi encouraged Hindus to follow Islam and for this reason he utilized both sword
and cash.
• Sikandar was likewise an incredible lover of equity.
• He was additionally an incredible supporter of craftsmanship and writing. He introduced Gaz-i-Sikandari to
measure cultivated land.
• He extended his support to the educated and translated incredible works Sanskrit into Persian.
• IBRAHIM LODI ( 1517 AD – 1526 AD )
• He brought the idea of Dual Monarchy.
• Ibrahim Lodi was a very cruel and high headed ruler who was known for his atrocities.
• He was the last king of Sultanate who was defeated by Babur in battle of Panipat in 1526 AD.

16. REASONS FOR THE SUCCESS OF
DELHI SULTANATE
1. Local kings lacked unity and organization; divided by rivalries’
2. There was no central government
3. Kingdoms were small and scattered
4. Turks were better organized and took advantage of the lack of mutual cooperation among the Rajputs.

17. CAUSES OF DECLINE OF
DELHI SULTANATE
1. The rulers of Delhi Sultanate came in power with the help of a sword and army, so there was no definite law of succession.
2. Military strength was the main factor in succession to the throne, which later gave birth to political instability.
3. Nobles were very powerful and and act as kingmakers who controlled the weak sultans.
4. Iqtadari, Zamindari and Jagirdari system led to the disintegration of Delhi Sultanate.
5. Invasion of Timurid Babar created havoc situation and became the main cause for the downfall of the Delhi Sultanate

18. RULERS OF
DELHI
SULTANATE