This document discusses deforestation, afforestation, reforestation, and forest transition. It defines each term and provides examples of their effects. Deforestation involves permanently cutting down trees and can lead to extinction, warming, and erosion. Afforestation is planting trees in areas with few trees and has advantages like increasing greenery, precipitation, and oxygen while reducing pollution and warming. Reforestation replants trees and prevents soil erosion and carbon dioxide increases while improving water cycles. Forest transition refers to changing from a period of net forest loss to net gain.

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Date : 25 ~3~2021
Assignment
ON
Deforestation Afforestation
And Forest Transition
NAME: Muhammad Tahir
ROLL NO. 54
ASSIGNMENT: Pakistan Geography
SUBMITTED To: Sir Basit Nadeem Sab
Department of Geography Bahauddin
Zakariya University Multan

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Deforestation: Deforestation is the cutting of
trees permanently by the people to clear forests to get free land
for further usage like farming, housing, industrialization,
urbanization,etc
Effects Of Deforestation
● Extinction of flora and fauna
● Global warming
● Relocation of wildlife to urban areas
● Silting of rivers and dams
● Desertification
● Flooding
● Heavy soil erosion
How To Control
It will be controlled by Afforestation.
AFFORESTATION
Afforestation is the process of planting large numbers of trees on land
which has few or no trees on it.
Advantages Of Afforestation
There are many advantages
1. We can increase greenery.
2. It will avoid desertification.
3. It will increase precipitation and aid farming and increase water
resources.
4. It reduces the air pollution..
5. It aids to minimize Global Warming.
6. It increases the content of oxygen in the environment.
7. It provides wood in future for furniture.
8. It provides food to tribals.
9. It provides so many herbs if planned.
10. It aids to improve biotic and abiotic components.
11. It reduces soil erosion.

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12. It helps the sustainability of flora and fauna.
There are many many advantages .
Disadvantages Of Afforestation
There are no disadvantages.
Reforestation:
the process of replanting an area with trees
Advantages Of Reforestation:
1) Reduces carbon dioxide in air: Reforestation increases the number of
plants , thus more carbon dioxide gets absorbed by those plants and the
air quality improves.
2) Reforestation prevents soil erosion: The roots of trees hold the soil in
place thus preventing erosion and preventing water pollution.
3) It helps in the improvement of the water cycle thus increasing the
amount of rain and reducing the lack of water.
4) It increases the production of plant products such as gum, latex,
fruits and vegetables, bamboo, etc.
Forest Transition:
The term forest transition refers to a change
in forest cover over a given area from a
period of net forest area loss to a period of
net gain.