1. Definition ib
Intelligent buildings are buildings that through their physical design and IT installations are responsive,
flexible and adaptive to changing needs from its users and the organizations that inhabit the building
during its life time. The building will supply services for its inhabitants; its administration and operation
&maintenance. The intelligent building will accomplish transparent 'intelligent' behavior, have state
memory, support human and installation systems communication, and be equipped with sensors and
actuators
A definition of an Intelligent building as "one that provides a productive and cost-effective environment
through optimisation of its four basic elements - structure, systems, services and management - and the
interrelationships between them", lead inevitably to a more global approach, the overall performance.
The definition of intelligent building has been evolving with different emphasis, mainly driven by the
development of relevant technologies and the changing needs for the built environment.
to 1985: intelligent buildings are buildings automatically controlled to function.
1986 to 1991: intelligent buildings are buildings capable of responding to the changing needs.
1992 to present: intelligent buildings are buildings with features effectively satisfying the
changing needs.
The built environment should be productive, safe, healthy, thermally, aurally and visually comfortable.
The building has potential to serve future generations: sustainability, or adaptability over the life cycle of
the building and safeguarding the earth and environment resources.
Financial aspect: the building can be built within some cost constraints whilst retaining market value.
Dr Ranjit Bassiwww.bre.co.ukwww.ibuilding.gr/definitions
An Intelligent Building is one conceived and designed with an integrated flexible and modular
communication cabling infrastructure capable of accommodating the needs of information
intensive users for advanced information technology and services.
Winston Hetherington,January 18, 1999
Objective ib
The objective in intelligent buildings is to maximize energy efficiency and to enhance work performance
by combining environmental system technologies. The intelligent office building takes energy
management systems a step further. The purpose is not just to control energy consumption but also to
operate the other systems in the building in the most efficient way.
2. A building with state-of-the-art technology can better meet the needs of users because they are managed
more efficiently and they reconcile the advanced technology products of the business world more
effectively.
Buildings have a variety of systems that are controlled and monitored. Heating, ventilating and
air-conditioning (HVAC) systems are typically connected to what is referred to as a DDC
system – direct digital control. These systems have followed a development path similar to the
Information Technology (IT) industry. Early DDC systems used a single processing unit (a large
microprocessor panel, typically located in a mechanical room), with all controllers and sensors
wired to this control unit. More recent systems use a distributed arrangement, consisting of a
local area network (LAN) with small controllers located throughout the building.
Doug Spratt, M.Sc., P.Eng.
February 1, 2001
Building Automation System (BAS) is a micro-processor control system designed to monitor and
control all parameters of HVAC, electrical, PHE, fire protection, elevators and other building
services/utilities. BAS helps in conserving energy by executing various energy efficient
programs for optimized performance of the systems and to assist the operation and
maintenance of the installation.
2013, SPECTRAL SERVICES CONSULTANT
http://www.spectralservices.net/services_ibms.html#fire
3. In a chilled-water system, the entire air conditioner is installed on the roof or behind the building.
It cools water to between 40 and 45 degrees Fahrenheit (4.4 and 7.2 degrees Celsius). The
chilled water is then piped throughout the building and connected to air handlers. This can be a
versatile system where the water pipes work like the evaporator coils in a standard air
conditioner. If it's well-insulated, there's no practical distance limitation to the length of a chilled-
water pipe.
Marshall Brain 2013 http://home.howstuffworks.com/ac4.htm
In systems involving heat transfer, a condenser is a device or unit used to condense a
substance from its gaseous to its liquid state, typically by cooling it. In so doing, the latent
heat is given up by the substance, and will transfer to the condenser coolant. Condensers are
typically heat exchangers which have various designs and come in many sizes ranging from
rather small to very large industrial-scale units used in plant processes. Condensers are used
in air conditioning, industrial chemical processes such as distillation, steam power plants and
other heat-exchange systems. Use of cooling water or surrounding air as the coolant is common
in many condensers.
Hindelang, Maureen; Palazzolo, Joseph; Robertson, Matthew, "Condensers", Encyclopedia of CHemical Engineering
Equipment, University of Michigan, retrieved May 13, 2012
The most common method of rejecting heat uses a cooling tower which is located outside of the building. In these
systems, also known as “tower water systems”, water heated by the chiller is pumped to the top of the tower and is
allowed to cascade down like a waterfall over a porous media to a sump located at the bottom of the tower. Air is
drawn through porous media using a fan, causing the water to cool. The cooled water is then returned to the chiller to
absorb more heat energy and repeat the cycle. In essence, the condenser water system connects the chiller to the
cooling tower through supply and return piping. Water cooled in the tower is “supplied” to the chiller, which adds heat
to the water and “returns” it to the tower.
