slides on production and operational management

1. Production and
Operation Management
By : larika vijay

2. INDEX
Air- conditioning
Objectives of air-conditioning
Ventilation
Types of ventilation
Illumination

3. o Air conditioning is the process of removing heat from the interior
of an occupied space, to improve the comfort of occupants.
o Air conditioning can be used in both domestic and commercial
environments. This process is most commonly used to achieve a
more comfortable interior environment, typically for humans or
animals; however, air conditioning is also used to cool/dehumidify
rooms filled with heat-producing electronic devices, such as
computers ,power amplifiers etc

4. Extreme heat shows a negative impact on the intelligence and on individuals physical activity
and the use of air conditioning and feel of cool air can go some way to correcting this.
Improves comfort levels at work as well as leisure.
Enhances job performance.
Results in augmented intellectual and physical activity.
Lower or chilled temperature diminishes the existence of parasites and insects.
Lower temperature means less sweating, decreasing the dehydration risk.
Air conditioning system also assists in excluding external allergens like pollen.
Advantages of Air Conditioner

5. Unexpected changes in humidity & temperature
affects individual’s respiratory system
Regular usage of air Conditioner dries skin & mucous
membranes
Its ambient noise, leads to noise pollution.
Air circulation even transmits infectious respiratory
diseases
Airborne dust & fungi cause allergic reactions

8. c
Ventilation moves outdoor air into a building or a room, and distributes the
air within the building or room. The general purpose of ventilation in
buildings is to provide healthy air for breathing by both diluting the pollutants
originating in the building and removing the pollutants from it

9. natural
mechanical
hybrid

10. • Natural ventilation is the use of wind and temperature differences to create airflows
in and through buildings.
There are two basic types of natural ventilation effects: buoyancy and wind.
• Buoyancy ventilation is more commonly referred to as temperature-induced or stack
ventilation.
• Wind ventilation supplies air from a positive pressure through openings on the
windward side of a building and exhausts air to a negative pressure on the leeward
side.

11. • This system supplies the required air flow at a constant rate.
Ventilation is supplied by forcing air through the ducting with
the use of a fan. The use of the fan however uses a lot of
energy and consequently greater CO2 emissions.
• Mechanical ventilation, in the healthcare setting or home,
helps patients breathe by assisting the inhalation of oxygen
into the lungs and the exhalation of carbon dioxide.
Depending on the patient's condition, mechanical ventilation
can help support or completely control breathing.

12. • Hybrid ventilation is the term most commonly used to
describe schemes where the ventilation is neither
entirely natural, nor entirely mechanical.
• Hybrid ventilation is the mix of natural and mechanical
ventilation. In this project there is only one aspect of
mechanical ventilation, which contributes to the
hybrid one: the fan which enhances the natural stack
effect if the conditions are poor