The document discusses defibrillation, which uses electric shocks to stop abnormal heart rhythms and allow a normal rhythm to resume. It defines defibrillation and describes the history and mechanisms involved. The types of defibrillators are explained, including automated external defibrillators. Precautions for defibrillation and troubleshooting defibrillators are also reviewed.
A cardiac event monitor is a device that you control to record the electrical activity of your heart (ECG). This device is about the size of a pager. It records your heart rate and rhythm. Cardiac event monitors are used when you need long-term monitoring of symptoms that occur less than daily
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A cardiac event monitor is a device that you control to record the electrical activity of your heart (ECG). This device is about the size of a pager. It records your heart rate and rhythm. Cardiac event monitors are used when you need long-term monitoring of symptoms that occur less than daily
This Ppt about Infusion pump explains in detail about - Definition, Principle, Uses, and types of an Infusion pump - Syringe pump and Volumetric Pump. working and maintenance of different types of pumps. Helpful for student nurses posted in intensive care units and those caring for very sick patients and babies. This Ppt is helpful in learning the maintenance of the various types of Infusion pumps available.
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Defibrillator power point presentation for medical studentsNehaNupur8
complete information about defibrillator , that is introduction, definition, types, procedure, checklist, nursing consideration, post defibrillation care , precautions, related care, new research, summary and bibliography.
A brief overview of defibrillator,its physical principles, types, its indications & contraindications and maintenance policy.this powerpoint is primarily intended for anaesthesiologists and other health care providers working in critical care centres.
The CVP catheter is an important tool used to assess right ventricular function and systemic fluid status. Normal CVP is 2-6 mm Hg. CVP is elevated by : overhydration which increases venous return.
continuous or intermittent monitoring of heart activity, generally by electrocardiography, with assessment of the patient's condition relative to their cardiac rhythm.
i have prepared this ppt. from various Books as a refrences as well as uses of web pages and explain and modify in simplify language which are easily understand by medical or para medical personnel..thank you..
The must to know facts about ventilator. Indeed a detailed information can be gathered from the presentation. This presentation includes definition, history, terminology, need of ventilation,indication, types, complications, etc.
Defibrillator power point presentation for medical studentsNehaNupur8
complete information about defibrillator , that is introduction, definition, types, procedure, checklist, nursing consideration, post defibrillation care , precautions, related care, new research, summary and bibliography.
A brief overview of defibrillator,its physical principles, types, its indications & contraindications and maintenance policy.this powerpoint is primarily intended for anaesthesiologists and other health care providers working in critical care centres.
The CVP catheter is an important tool used to assess right ventricular function and systemic fluid status. Normal CVP is 2-6 mm Hg. CVP is elevated by : overhydration which increases venous return.
continuous or intermittent monitoring of heart activity, generally by electrocardiography, with assessment of the patient's condition relative to their cardiac rhythm.
i have prepared this ppt. from various Books as a refrences as well as uses of web pages and explain and modify in simplify language which are easily understand by medical or para medical personnel..thank you..
Global Pharmaceuticals & Biotechnology IndustryGavin Pathross
This research service presents the CEO 360 Degree Perspective for the global pharmaceuticals and biotechnology industry in 2009. It is an amalgamation of research from more than 50 Pharmaceutical research services generated by Frost & Sullivan, customer research findings based on approximately 1,000 end-user interviews approximately 50,000 hours of analyst research, in the last 2 years. Global healthcare analysts from Frost & Sullivan have contributed their market knowledge to cover the most important issues that are relevant in the healthcare industry today. The report also includes research findings from econometric, advanced technology and several other business divisions of Frost & Sullivan.
Market Research Report : External defibrillator market in india 2014 - SampleNetscribes, Inc.
For the complete report, get in touch with us at: info@netscribes.com
Abstract:
Netscribes latest market research report titled External Defibrillator Market in India 2014 states that the demand for external defibrillators is rising in the country due to a number of reasons. Cardiovascular and other lifestyle diseases plaguing a large number of Indians has resulted in a strong case for the growth of healthcare institutions. The number of hospitals and emergency and trauma care centers being set up in the country has been increasing and this in turn is leading to a rise in the demand for defibrillators as these equipments are indispensable to any healthcare institution. Biphasic defibrillators are replacing the monophasic models in most centers and is hence growing at the cost of the latter. However, monophasic defibrillators are still experiencing some demand, especially in rural settings. On the other hand, the portability of automated external defibrillators along with its increased usage in public places such as railway stations, airports, shopping malls, etc. has ensured that this segment is exhibiting the highest growth.
There is an equal mix of domestic and foreign companies operating in the market and high competitive rivalry exist between them. While Indian companies try to provide no-frills products, foreign firms try to provide additional features in their products. As a result products of foreign companies are priced slightly higher than the products of Indian companies and these products are mostly used by top-end hospitals in tier I cities. However, the expansion of medical centers providing quality care in smaller cities and towns, is helping the Indian companies to grow as well. Overall, the market is exhibiting steady growth and promises ample opportunities to all the players operating in the market.
Coverage
Overview of the external defibrillator market in India and market size data over 2012 to 2018e
Overview and market size data for monophasic defibrillators, biphasic defibrillators and automated external defibrillators (AEDs) over 2012 to 2018e
Information on the export and import of external defibrillators
Analysis of the drivers and challenges influencing the market
Analysis of the competitive landscape and detailed profiles of major players
Table of Contents:
Need for Defibrillators
Types of Defibrillators
Defibrillators Electrodes
Principle of defibrillation
Working of AED
Precaution in defibrillation process
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2. 1. Define defibrillation.
2. Describe Need and history of defibrillation.
3. Describe the principle and mechanism of
defibrillation.
4. Types and classes of defibrillator
5. Describe the Automated external defibrillator
6. Identify the precautions and risk
7. Troubleshooting of defibrillator
3.
4. Definition:
Defibrillation is a process in which an electronic device
sends an electric shock to the heart to stop an extremely
rapid, irregular heartbeat, and restore the normal heart
rhythm.
Defibrillation is a common treatment for life
threatening cardiac dysrhythmias, ventricular
fibrillation, and pulse less ventricular tachycardia.
5. Ventricular fibrillation is a serious cardiac emergency
resulting from asynchronous contraction of the heart
muscles.
Due to ventricular fibrillation, there is an irregular
rapid heart rhythm.
Fig. Ventricular fibrillation
Fig. Normal heart beat
6. Ventricular fibrillation can be converted into a more
efficient rhythm by applying a high energy shock
to the heart.
This sudden surge across the heart causes all muscle
fibres to contract simultaneously.
Possibly, the fibres may then respond to normal
physiological pace making pulses.
The instrument for administering the shock is called
a DEFIBRILLATOR.
7. Defibrillation is performed to correct lifethreatening fibrillations of the heart, which could
result in cardiac arrest. It should be performed
immediately after identifying that the patient is
experiencing a cardiac emergency, has no pulse,
and is unresponsive.
8. Defibrillation was invented in
by Prevost and
Batelli, two Italian physiologists. They discovered
that electric shocks could convert ventricular
fibrillation to sinus rhythm in dogs.The first case of a
human life saved by defibrillation was reported by
Beck in 1947 .
9. Energy storage capacitor is charged at relatively
slow rate from AC line.
Energy stored in capacitor is then delivered at a
relatively rapid rate to chest of the patient.
Simple arrangement involve the discharge of
capacitor energy through the patient‟s own
resistance.
11. The discharge resistance which the patient
represents as purely ohmic resistance of 50 to 100Ω
approximately for a typical electrode size of 80cm2.
This particular waveform Fig is called „ Lown‟
waveform.
The pulse width of this waveform is generally 10 ms.
13. • minimum defibrillation energy occurs for pulse
durations of 3 - 10 ms (for most pulse shapes).
• pulse amplitude in tens of amperes (few
thousand volts).
14. • operator selects energy delivered: 50-360
joules, depends on:
–
–
–
–
–
intrinsic characteristics of patient
patient‟s disease
duration of arrhythmia
patient‟s age
type of arrhythmia (more energy required for v.
fib.)
15. Fibrillations cause the heart to stop pumping
blood, leading to brain damage.
Defibrillators deliver a brief electric shock to the
heart, which enables the heart's natural pacemaker
to regain control and establish a normal heart
rhythm.
16. Higher voltages are required for external defibrillation
than for internal defibrillation.
A corrective shock of 750-800 volts is applied within a
tenth of a second.
That is the same voltage as 500-533 no of AA batteries!
18. Occulsion of the
coronary artery leads to
ischemia
Ischemia leads to
infarct which causes
interruption of normal
cardiac conduction
Infarct = VF/VT
20. Types of Defibrillator electrodes:a) Spoon shaped electrode
• Applied directly to the heart.
b) Paddle type electrode
• Applied against the chest wall
c) Pad type electrode
• Applied directly on chest wall
21. fig: Electrodes used in defibrillator (a) a spoon shaped internal
electrode that is applied directly to the heart. (b) a paddle type
electrode applied against the anterior chest wall.
25. There are two general classes of waveforms:
a) mono-phasic waveform
•
Energy delivered in one direction through the
patient‟s heart
a) Biphasic waveform
•
Energy delivered in both direction through the
patient‟s heart
27. The biphasic waveform is preferred over
monophasic waveform to defibrillate. Why?????
• A monophasic type, give a high-energy shock,
up to 360 to 400 joules due to which increased
cardiac injury and in burns the chest around the
shock pad sites.
• A biphasic type, give two sequential lowerenergy shocks of 120 - 200 joules, with each
shock moving in an opposite polarity between
the pads.
30. • For each minute elapsing between onset of
ventricular fibrillation and first defibrillation,
survival decreases by 10%.
• defibrillators should be portable, battery operated,
small size.
• energy in defibrillators usually stored in large
capacitors.
• total energy stored in capacitor:
WC
1
CVC2
2
Vc = capacitor voltage
33. AED is a portable electronic device that automatically diagnoses the ventricular fibrillation
in a patient.
Automatic refers to the ability to autonomously
analyse the patient's condition.
AED is a type of external defibrillation process.
34. AEDs require self-adhesive electrodes instead of hand
held paddles.
The AED uses voice prompts, lights and text
tell the rescuer what steps have to take next.
messages to
35. Turned on or opened AED.
AED will instruct the user to:-
• Connect the electrodes (pads) to the patient.
• Avoid touching the patient to avoid false
readings by the unit.
• The AED examine the electrical output from
the heart and determine the patient is in a
shock able rhythm or not
36. When device determined that shock is warranted, it
will charge its internal capacitor in preparation to
deliver the shock.
When charged, the device instructs the user to ensure
no one is touching the victim and then to press a red
button to deliver the shock.
Many AED units have an 'event memory' which
store the ECG of the patient along with details of the
time the unit was activated and the number and
strength of any shocks delivered.
37. The paddles used in the procedure should not be
placed:• on a woman's breasts
• over an internal pacemaker patients.
Before the paddle is used, a gel must be applied to
the patient's skin
38. • Skin burns from the defibrillator paddles are the
most common complication of defibrillation.
• Other risks include injury to the heart muscle,
abnormal heart rhythms, and blood clots.
39. • Attach the external and internal paddles if the monitor
reads, "No paddles."
• Check to ensure that the leads are securely attached if
the monitor reads, "No leads.“
• Connect the unit to AC power if the message
reads, "Low battery."
• Verify that the Energy Select control settings are correct
if the defibrillator does not charge.
40. • Change the electrodes and make sure that the electrodes
adapter cable is properly connected if you receive a
message of "PACER FAILURE." Restart the pacer.
• Close the recorder door and the paper roll if the monitor
message reads, "Check recorder”.
41.
Willis A Tacker, “External Defibrillators,” in The
Biomedical Engineering Handbook, J. Bronzino (ed)
CRC Press, 1995.
www.google.com
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defibrillation
http://www.slideworld.org/viewslides.aspx/defibrillator
Editor's Notes
Explain the cardiac conduction pathways with the electrical impulse originating in the SA node (right atrium) which travels to the AV node (division of the right and left ventricles), down along the right and left bundle branches to the Purkinje fibers.Intrinsic heart rates at the SA node are 80 bpm, the AV node is 60 bpm, and the ventricular rate (Purkinje fibers) is 40 bpm.