SOME APPROACH IN TEFL

1. Some Approaches in Teaching
English as Foreign Language
Lecturer : Dian Fadhilawati, M. Pd.
Presented By : Dedi Purwanto
NIM :16108810002

2. What is a Approach?
• Underlying each method is a theory on the
nature of language and a theory on the nature of
language learning both of which comprise the
approach.
• These theories are derived from the areas of
linguistics, sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics and
are the source of principles and practices of
language teaching.
Source : unit_Accible.Pdf

3. What is an Method?
• For the teacher, methods prescribe what
materials and activities should be used, how
they
should be used and what the role of the teacher
should be.
• For learners, methods prescribe what
approach
to learning the learner should take and what
roles the learner should adopt in the classroom.
Source : unit_Accible.Pdf

4. Kinds of approach in general
1. Student-Centered Approach
2. Teacher-Centered Approach
Source; http://enjoylearningwithmariani.blogspot.com/2013/06/approah-
method-and-technique-in-tefl.html

5. Student-Centered Approach
• Student-centered approach is learning
approach that focuses on the learner rather
than the teacher. Student-centered teaching is
based on the constructivist model in which
students construct rather than receive or
assimilate knowledge.

6. Teacher-Centered Approach
• Teacher – centered learning is the approach
of teaching a lesson in front of a classroom
in which the teacher active gives information
to the students. It involves planning for
instruction, implementing the instructional
plan, and evaluating students’ learning
toward the instructional objectives. Teacher-
centered learning is useful for conveying
new information and materials to small or
large groups at one time.
• In simple words, Teacher-centered learning
means that the teacher is the person who is
informing knowledge or information to the
student and thee student is the receiver of
this knowledge.
•

7. Description of METHOD
• Method is the overall plan for the proper
presentation of language material. It is
based on selected approach and
procedure.
• A method is an organized, orderly,
systematic, and well-planned procedure
aimed at facilitating and enhancing
students’ learning.

8. Some example of methods in teaching languages as
a foreign language
1. The grammar translation method
2. The direct method
3. The audio-lingual method
4. Silent Way
5. Communicative language teaching
6. Participatory Learning
7. Total Physical Response (TPR)

9. The grammar translation method
• The grammar translation method
instructs students in grammar,
and provides vocabulary with
direct translations to memorize.
The objective is that by the time
they leave college, the pupil
have mastered the vocabulary,
grammar and the orthography, to
be able to read, understand and
write texts in various contexts.

10. Activity
• Students asked to translate
short stories to ensure the
entire class understands so
more students can
participate in the exercises
that follow the story or
other texts to his first
language (L1), then they
have to answer questions in
L1

11. The direct method• The direct method, sometimes also called natural
method, is a method that avoids using the
learners' native language and just uses the target
language. This method places great stress on
correct pronunciation and the target language
from outset.
• According to this method, printed language and
text must be kept away from second language
learner for as long as possible, and grammar and
translation should also be avoided because this
would involve the application of the learner's first
language.

12. Activity
• example: teacher shows map
or picture in the front of the
class then they asked student
questions( in target language)
about it and student must
answer in target language as
well.

13. The audio-lingual method
• The audio-lingual method has students
listen to or view recordings of
language models acting in situations.
Students practice with a variety of
drills, and the instructor emphasizes
the use of the target language at all
times. It's a "non-communicative
approach (to teaching) that involves
heavy use of mimicry, imitation and
drill. Speech (and listening) and not
writing is emphasized.

14. Silent Way
• The silent way is
discovery learning
approach, it is also often
considered to be
humanistic approach. It is
called silent way because
teacher is usually silent,
leaving class for the
student to talk and

15. Communicative language teaching
• Communicative language teaching (CLT) is an
approach to the teaching of languages that
emphasizes interaction as both the means and
the ultimate goal of learning a language. CLT
involves many classroom activities like group
work, pair work, language games, role play,
question-answer sessions. It is not confined to
any set of text books. The learners are mostly
introduced task based and problem solving
situations.

16. Participatory Learning
• Participatory Learning is allowing the
students to offer ideas and feedback
about what goes on in the classroom.
Participatory Learning empowers the
student and thus increases their
intrinsic motivation to participate in
classroom activities. This provides a
better learning environment in the
classroom for all the students and the
teacher.

17. Activity
• When playing a game, students are
asked to provide suggestions for the
list of topics they will use in the
game and the order in which they
would like them to appear. The
teacher can also ask if the students
would like to play for points to
determine a winner or for no points-
just for fun.
• Students are also allowed to create
their own English team names and
choose team members

18. Total Physical Response (TPR)
• TPR "involves giving
commands to which
students react."TPR is
great for all ages and
especially beginners as it
allows them to learn the
L2, while giving them time
to maximize the potential
of their silent period.

19. Activity
• Teacher introduces basic classroom items and
commands like: open/close your book, raise
your hand, pick up/put down your pencil, sit
down, be quiet, listen, repeat and get into
groups.

20. IN THE End
• This is a Some Approaches in Teaching
English as Foreign Language , So Thanks
U 4 Your Nice Attention……. Byebye
1. http://enjoylearningwithmariani.blogspot.co
m/2013/06/approah-method-and-technique-
in-tefl.html
2. Unit_accible.Pdf