The document discusses the quality of wool fibers, emphasizing that finer fibers come from Marino sheep while coarser wool derives from crossbreed sheep. It details five decorative effects that can be achieved through various chemical treatments and printing techniques on wool fabrics, including luster effects, heat transfer printing, and burnout techniques. The presentation highlights the methods used and the principles behind each decorative effect, showcasing the versatility of wool as a fabric.

1. Decorative Effects on Wool Fabrics
Dr Adel A.Halim
Ex Director Intl Wool Secretariat

3. Wool Fibers
Wool Quality depends mainly on the fiber diameter;
the smaller the diameter , the finer and more
valuable the fiber . Fine qualities come mostly from
Marino sheep which can be spun into finer yarn
counts.

4. Wool Fibers
Course wool comes from cross breed sheep and
they are spun into coarser yarn counts

5. Marino Wool mainly comes from Australia and South Africa .
It has a fiber micron of range from superfine 16 micron up to fine 25 micron
Cross breed wool mainly comes from New Zealand which has fiber micron
range from 25 micron up to 40 micron
( Micron = 1/1000 millimeter = 1/million meters

6. • Special Decorative Effects can
be produced on wool products
by various chemical
treatments and various
printing techniques .
• Five of these effects are
discussed in this presentation .

7. First The luster Mohair like effect on the wool fabric
The principle of this
process is to increase
smoothness of the wool
fiber surface by chemical
treatment which attack
fiber surface scale
Attacking surface scales
result in smooth fiber
surface and hence
increase light reflectance
giving luster effect

9. Second : Heat Transfer Printing on wool fabric
The process is based on
use of sublimation disperse
dyes capapble of forming
complexes with chromium
metal .
Transfer printing is carried
out on calendars with high
blanket pressure at 200C
.The process can be used
for 60/40 Wool / PET
Fabric

11. Third : Burn Out Effect or Devore
Effect
The process is done on
wool/polyester blended
fabric.
The effect is produced by
printing the fabric with a
thickened solution of
sodium hydroxide which
destroys the wool in the
print areas producing the
effect

13. Fourth : Panel Printing
(direct and resist printing on
knitwear garments )
Direct & Resist printing on
Knitwear garments. There
are 3 variations of the
process:
Direct, resist and dye/resist
printing
The printing technique is
simple and based on cold
batch technology

14. Fourth : Panel Printing
(direct and resist printing on knitwear garments )
Printing of garment panel
with paste containing
selective reactive dyes and
chemicals which facilitate
cold fixation
Garment after printing is stored
cold up to overnight . If ecru
prints are required on dark
grounds they can be reduced
by incorporating dye resist
agent (Sandospace R in
printing paste prior to garment
dyeing

15. Fifth : Sculpture effects through Panel
Printing of Knitwear garments
The basic principle of the
process to print the design
with thick solution of
suitable shrink -proofing
agent ( Anti-felt agent) onto
unfinished garement
followed by scouring and
milling
Effect is produced due to resistance
of printed areas to milling action so
the sculpture appearance is
produced. The process exploits the
natural property of wool to felt under
action of moisture and pressure
during milling . Felting is produced
in wool due to presence of scales
an wool fibers surface.

17. Thank you!
Dr Adel Abdel Halim
Phone:
0100 400 4287
Email:
dradel43@Hotmail.com