This document provides information about dyeing finished garments. It discusses categories of garment dyeing, reasons for dyeing garments, selection of materials, dyes used for cotton garments, dyeing machines, processing machines, dyeing sequences for woven and knit garments, dyeing techniques, special chemicals, finishing processes, smart colorants, constraints of post-dyeing, recent developments, advantages and disadvantages of garment dyeing, comparison to fabric dyeing, problems that can occur, causes and effects of those problems, precautions to take before dyeing, and ways to avoid environmental hazards.

1. Company
LOGO

2. INTRODUCTION
MD. ASADUZZAMAN
(PROTIK)
ID: 122-202-041
BSc. In Textile Engineering

4. Garments
dyeing
Dyeing of
fully
fashioned
garments
Add color
to finished
garments
Just in time
dyeing
PPT/PAT/RF
D
Sewn
“Raw” &
dyed after
sewing
GARMENTS DYEING
4

5. .
.
CATEGORIES OF GARMENT DYEING
CATEGORIES
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6. REASONS OF GARMENTS DYEING
Cost
effectiveness
Quick response
to market
Dyeing with
require quantities
Time reduced
Energy saving Special design Dyed with single
color
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7. SELECTION OF MATERIALS
• Loom state fabric
converted into
RFD
• Fabric pre-
treated.
• Free from foreign
materials.
• Same batches
fabric.
• Should be
uniform.
• Interlining
checking
• Button, Studs
& zippers.
• Free from
nickel.
• Polyester
button for pre
determined
colour
• Nylon
preferred
• Wooden to be
verified.
• Care label &
Embroideries.
• Cotton thread is
preferred.
• Core spun yarn
is used
• Low tension
apply
• High strength.
• Free from
hairiness
• Polyester
thread with pre-
determined
colour.
• Stitch
density
• Thread
tension
• Stitch &
seam type
• Needle size
AccessoriesFabric Sewing Thread Sewing
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8. DYES USED FOR COTTON GARMENTS
Reactive
Dyes
Direct
Dyes
Vat
Dyes
Sulphur
Dyes
Pigment
Dyes
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9. REQUIREMENT OF DYE STUFF
SELECTION
Fastness
Cost of dye
Shade
range
Machine
parameters
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10. Versatile
machine(Temp.140 deg)
Horizontal
Lateral oval
High Temp
PADDLE DYEING
MACHINE
DRUM DYEING
MACHINE
ROTARY DRUM
DYEING MACHINE
•Multi purpose drum
machine.
•Dyeing temperature
at 140 deg.
•Perforated drum
m/c.
•Divided into four
equal
compartments.
GARMENT PROCESSING MACHINES
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11. HYDRO-EXTRACTOR
MACHINE TUMBLE DRIER
•Ideal machines for
extraction of water.
•Has a central rotating
basket ball.
•Machine is mounted on a
triangle base.
•Used after washing &
dyeing.
•Perforated stainless
steel drum.
•Loading & unloading
done in front side or
top of the machine.
•Air comes out through
exhaust duct.
GARMENT PROCESSING MACHINES
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12. 1 2 3
6 5 4
7 8 9
Garments from
grey Fabric
Desizing Scouring
BleachingDyeingAfter treatment
Washing &
Rinsing Hydro-
extraction
Drying
Ri
n
si
n
g
WOVEN GARMENTS DYEING SEQUENCE
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13. WOVEN GARMENTS MADE FROM
PRE-TREATED FABRIC
Pre-wash After
treatment
Washing
& Rinsing
DryingHydro-
Extractor
Garments Dyeing
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14. Flow chart for Knit Garments
PlanKnit wear
Build
Dyeing
After
Treatment
Washing &
Rinsing
Hydro
-extraction
Drying
Scouring &
Bleaching
Washing
/Desizing
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15. TECHNIQUE USED FOR GARMENTS
DYEING
Tie dyeing
Dip Dyeing
Spray Dyeing
Over Dyeing
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16. TECHNIQUE USED FOR GARMENTS
DYEING
Cold Dyeing
High White Dyeing
Washable Dyeing
Reverse Dyeing
Top Dyeing
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17. Over dyed
Dip dyed
Spray dyed
Evaluate
Tie dyed
Top dyed Cold dyed
Different Technique applied garments
17

18. SPECIAL CHEMICALS
• . Desizing Agents Scouring & Bleaching Agents
Material Damaged Control Agent Others specials
• Bacterial Alpha amylase
• Non-ionic wetting agent
• Biolase , Bactosol
• Sandopan LFW
• Sirrix A.K
• Sandoclear 8160, Sandopan SF
• Lanalbin PA Powder
• AWN
• Imacol brand
• Sanden 8425
• Drimagen E2R
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19. Mechanical finishing and Related
process
Using
Microprocessor
Steaming
treatment
Pressing stretching Ironing
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20. SMART COLORANT FOR GARMENTS
Color respond to
differences
temperature.
Color respond to
differences
environmental
conditions.
Developed for
specialized
applications but
now have
become
available for
application on
textiles/garment
s.
20

21. CLASSIFICATION OF SMART COLORANTS
Photo
chromic
color
Thermo
chromic
color
Glow in
the dark
color
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22. PHOTO CHROMIC COLOR
Ability to change color
when exposed to sunlight.
Generate dynamic
reversible color change
UV: Change molecular
Structure of photo chromic
material
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23. COMPARISON
…… . Dyeing after
garment garment making.
making.
Les time required.
Low cost of production
GSM increased after
dyeing.
No possibility of shade
variation.
Sewing thread used from
same fiber.
Belly machine used.
Garment
Dyeing
………… Dyeing before garment
making.
More time required
High cost of production.
GSM also increased.
Possibility of shade variation.
No need of sewing thread.
Jet/jigger/pad/winch used.
Fabric
Dyeing
23

24. CONSTRAINTS OF POST DYEING
Not
suited
to all
Fabric
Desire
d final
appear
ance
are not
availab
le
High
damag
e &
repairs
rate
High
risk of
inappr
opriate
sewing
thread
Fabric
shrinka
ge
Fabric
swelling
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25. RECENT DEVELOPMENT IN GARMENTS
PROCESSING
Inbuilt catalyst &
softener.
Microencapsulated
fragrance finishes.
Laser-based
processing.
Use anti microbial
finishes.
Water & oil repellent
finishes.
Flame-retardant
finishes.
Antiozonate finishes.
UV absorber finishes.
Coating individually.
25

26. SUPERIORITY & DISFAVOR
Superiority
Handling of smaller lots economically.
Enables various special effects to be achieved.
Distressed look can be effectively imparted.
Unsold light shade can be converted into
medium and deep shades.
Lowest energy consumed.
Latest fashion trends can be effectively
incorporated by immediate feedback from the
customer.
Disfavor
High cost of processing.
A little complicated dyeing.
Garment accessories like zips ,
buttons etc impose restrictions.
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27. Traditional route can be compared with the
garment dyeing route
Discontinuous/continuous
preparation
Discontinuous/continuous
dyeing
Finishing
Delivery to Garment
manufacturer
Cutting/sewing
Storage
Sales
Discontinuous/continuous
preparation
Delivery to Garment
manufacturer
Cutting/sewing
Storage
Dyeing
Sales
Meantotaltimeapprox8weeks
Traditional Method
Woven/Knits
Garment dyeing Method
Woven/Knits
MeanTotaltime2weeks
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28. Problem
occurred in
GMT Dyeing
Low tear
strength of
garments
Patchy
dyeing
SmellSpotting
•Formation of
foam
•Improper
washing
Degredation of
cotton during
pretreatment,d
yeing & resin
finishing
Acetic
acid,residual
chlorine,catio
nic softeners.
•Starting tem. Too
high.
•Raising temp. too
quickly.
•Salt addition at high
temp.
•Addition of dyes &
chemicals at once.
CAUSE AND EFFECTS
28

29. CAUSE & EFFECTS
Change in PH
during
cationization.
•High rate of rinse in
temperature during
cationization.
•Direct contact of
steam with garment
•Too low MLR hence
uneven build- up of
cationizer.
Dyeing may
cause corrosion
to metalic parts
like buttons,
zippers etc.
•Chlorine
retention
•High dosage of
cationic
softener
•Ozone fading.
Problem
occurred in
garment dyeing
Blotchy/
unlevel
dyeing
Yellowing
in denim
Corrosion
in metalic
fittings
Batch to
batch
shade
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30. PRE-CAUTION TO BE TAKEN BEFORE
GARMENTS DYEING
Specific dyes used.
Void mineral impurities.
Imacol brand.
Hot brand reactive dyes applying.
Made from same lot & same source.
Adjust seam strength.
Prevent seam pucker.
Proper dye selection.
Avoid poor quality metal.
Selection of sewing thread ,button.
Used copper free dye.
Used proper interlining.
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31. Reduce waste water
Reduce amount of dyes Reduce others chemicals
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AVOID ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
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