Addressing Transboundary Concerns in the Volta River Basin and its Downstream...Iwl Pcu
"Addressing Transboundary Concerns in the Volta River Basin and its Downstream Coastal Area," a presentation by Olumide Akinsola on the UNEP/GEF Volta River Basin Project. 2012.
Participative River Basin Management Planning by Yannick POCHON and Yunona VIDENINA (IOWater); EU member state consortium (Austria, France)
The 7th MEETING OF THE STEERING COMMITTEE OF THE
NATIONAL POLICY DIALOGUE IN WATER SECTOR OF AZERBAIJAN
4 July 2018, Baku
The objective of the meeting was to discuss the key issues in the development of the national water policy and the status of ongoing activities within the EUWI+ project in Azerbaijan. The meeting also served as a platform for strengthening of synergies with other international projects implemented in Azerbaijan
The recommendations cover four aspects and four sectors. The aspects are transboundary co-operation, processes, planning evidence and stakeholders and platforms.
The sectors include shipping, fisheries, energy and environment. The sector recommendations were formulated based on input from ministries and agencies responsible for shipping, fisheries, energy and environment. For each recommendation, there is a named target group such as policy-makers and planning authorities.
Read more on the project on www.balticscope.eu
The two countries in southern Africa have classic configuration of being located in transboundary basins. There are many similarities as regards their interdependence on riparians. The presentation summarises possible complementarity and consistency in transboundary water management. The findings are based on almost 30 months of work in the region.
DELTAmerica Project: Development and Implementation of Mechanisms to Dessemin...Iwl Pcu
Objectives:
Share experiences and lessons learned from GEF- International Waters (GEF-IW) projects in LAC.
Enhance sharing of critical w.r. management knowledge, experiences, and best practices among water management organisations and river basin authorities, via the Internet as well as through other media.
Strengthen collaboration amongst riparian countries leading to improved water resources management policies.
Strengthen Inter-American Water Resources Network.
Strengthened civil society participation in water resources management projects.
Addressing Transboundary Concerns in the Volta River Basin and its Downstream...Iwl Pcu
"Addressing Transboundary Concerns in the Volta River Basin and its Downstream Coastal Area," a presentation by Olumide Akinsola on the UNEP/GEF Volta River Basin Project. 2012.
Participative River Basin Management Planning by Yannick POCHON and Yunona VIDENINA (IOWater); EU member state consortium (Austria, France)
The 7th MEETING OF THE STEERING COMMITTEE OF THE
NATIONAL POLICY DIALOGUE IN WATER SECTOR OF AZERBAIJAN
4 July 2018, Baku
The objective of the meeting was to discuss the key issues in the development of the national water policy and the status of ongoing activities within the EUWI+ project in Azerbaijan. The meeting also served as a platform for strengthening of synergies with other international projects implemented in Azerbaijan
The recommendations cover four aspects and four sectors. The aspects are transboundary co-operation, processes, planning evidence and stakeholders and platforms.
The sectors include shipping, fisheries, energy and environment. The sector recommendations were formulated based on input from ministries and agencies responsible for shipping, fisheries, energy and environment. For each recommendation, there is a named target group such as policy-makers and planning authorities.
Read more on the project on www.balticscope.eu
The two countries in southern Africa have classic configuration of being located in transboundary basins. There are many similarities as regards their interdependence on riparians. The presentation summarises possible complementarity and consistency in transboundary water management. The findings are based on almost 30 months of work in the region.
DELTAmerica Project: Development and Implementation of Mechanisms to Dessemin...Iwl Pcu
Objectives:
Share experiences and lessons learned from GEF- International Waters (GEF-IW) projects in LAC.
Enhance sharing of critical w.r. management knowledge, experiences, and best practices among water management organisations and river basin authorities, via the Internet as well as through other media.
Strengthen collaboration amongst riparian countries leading to improved water resources management policies.
Strengthen Inter-American Water Resources Network.
Strengthened civil society participation in water resources management projects.
Participative River Basin Management Planning by Yunona Videnina and Pierre Henry de Villeneuve
4th meeting of the Coordination Committee of the National Policy Dialogue on integrated water resources management in the Republic of Moldova
(the 26th NPD meeting under the EUWI in Moldova)
June 15, 2018
Tercera Reunión / Third Meeting for Gulf of HondurasIwl Pcu
Create and consolidate a regional network for land-based and maritime pollution control within the Gulf of Honduras, including the formulation of institutional and economic arrangements that will assure the sustainability of the action program.
This cooperation program built around a win-win partnership will make it possible to deal with all the issues related to this problem: forecasting, prevention of stranding, collection, treatment, recycling, impact prevention, etc.
Presentation given by Joakim Harlin at the International Conference on IWRM in Tokyo - December 2004
1) The Pungwe River Basin IWRM project
2) Reflections on typical issues, constraints and needs
In this session the new WOCAT Network was launched. The new set-up and latest advancements, innovations and challenges were presented and WOCAT national network members talked about their involvement and perspectives in a panel. The Consortium Partners of WOCAT International were introduced and the launch was rounded up with an informal get-together.
Richard's aventures in two entangled wonderlandsRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
Introduction:
RNA interference (RNAi) or Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencing (PTGS) is an important biological process for modulating eukaryotic gene expression.
It is highly conserved process of posttranscriptional gene silencing by which double stranded RNA (dsRNA) causes sequence-specific degradation of mRNA sequences.
dsRNA-induced gene silencing (RNAi) is reported in a wide range of eukaryotes ranging from worms, insects, mammals and plants.
This process mediates resistance to both endogenous parasitic and exogenous pathogenic nucleic acids, and regulates the expression of protein-coding genes.
What are small ncRNAs?
micro RNA (miRNA)
short interfering RNA (siRNA)
Properties of small non-coding RNA:
Involved in silencing mRNA transcripts.
Called “small” because they are usually only about 21-24 nucleotides long.
Synthesized by first cutting up longer precursor sequences (like the 61nt one that Lee discovered).
Silence an mRNA by base pairing with some sequence on the mRNA.
Discovery of siRNA?
The first small RNA:
In 1993 Rosalind Lee (Victor Ambros lab) was studying a non- coding gene in C. elegans, lin-4, that was involved in silencing of another gene, lin-14, at the appropriate time in the
development of the worm C. elegans.
Two small transcripts of lin-4 (22nt and 61nt) were found to be complementary to a sequence in the 3' UTR of lin-14.
Because lin-4 encoded no protein, she deduced that it must be these transcripts that are causing the silencing by RNA-RNA interactions.
Types of RNAi ( non coding RNA)
MiRNA
Length (23-25 nt)
Trans acting
Binds with target MRNA in mismatch
Translation inhibition
Si RNA
Length 21 nt.
Cis acting
Bind with target Mrna in perfect complementary sequence
Piwi-RNA
Length ; 25 to 36 nt.
Expressed in Germ Cells
Regulates trnasposomes activity
MECHANISM OF RNAI:
First the double-stranded RNA teams up with a protein complex named Dicer, which cuts the long RNA into short pieces.
Then another protein complex called RISC (RNA-induced silencing complex) discards one of the two RNA strands.
The RISC-docked, single-stranded RNA then pairs with the homologous mRNA and destroys it.
THE RISC COMPLEX:
RISC is large(>500kD) RNA multi- protein Binding complex which triggers MRNA degradation in response to MRNA
Unwinding of double stranded Si RNA by ATP independent Helicase
Active component of RISC is Ago proteins( ENDONUCLEASE) which cleave target MRNA.
DICER: endonuclease (RNase Family III)
Argonaute: Central Component of the RNA-Induced Silencing Complex (RISC)
One strand of the dsRNA produced by Dicer is retained in the RISC complex in association with Argonaute
ARGONAUTE PROTEIN :
1.PAZ(PIWI/Argonaute/ Zwille)- Recognition of target MRNA
2.PIWI (p-element induced wimpy Testis)- breaks Phosphodiester bond of mRNA.)RNAse H activity.
MiRNA:
The Double-stranded RNAs are naturally produced in eukaryotic cells during development, and they have a key role in regulating gene expression .
Richard's entangled aventures in wonderlandRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
Cancer cell metabolism: special Reference to Lactate PathwayAADYARAJPANDEY1
Normal Cell Metabolism:
Cellular respiration describes the series of steps that cells use to break down sugar and other chemicals to get the energy we need to function.
Energy is stored in the bonds of glucose and when glucose is broken down, much of that energy is released.
Cell utilize energy in the form of ATP.
The first step of respiration is called glycolysis. In a series of steps, glycolysis breaks glucose into two smaller molecules - a chemical called pyruvate. A small amount of ATP is formed during this process.
Most healthy cells continue the breakdown in a second process, called the Kreb's cycle. The Kreb's cycle allows cells to “burn” the pyruvates made in glycolysis to get more ATP.
The last step in the breakdown of glucose is called oxidative phosphorylation (Ox-Phos).
It takes place in specialized cell structures called mitochondria. This process produces a large amount of ATP. Importantly, cells need oxygen to complete oxidative phosphorylation.
If a cell completes only glycolysis, only 2 molecules of ATP are made per glucose. However, if the cell completes the entire respiration process (glycolysis - Kreb's - oxidative phosphorylation), about 36 molecules of ATP are created, giving it much more energy to use.
IN CANCER CELL:
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
introduction to WARBERG PHENOMENA:
WARBURG EFFECT Usually, cancer cells are highly glycolytic (glucose addiction) and take up more glucose than do normal cells from outside.
Otto Heinrich Warburg (; 8 October 1883 – 1 August 1970) In 1931 was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology for his "discovery of the nature and mode of action of the respiratory enzyme.
WARNBURG EFFECT : cancer cells under aerobic (well-oxygenated) conditions to metabolize glucose to lactate (aerobic glycolysis) is known as the Warburg effect. Warburg made the observation that tumor slices consume glucose and secrete lactate at a higher rate than normal tissues.
This pdf is about the Schizophrenia.
For more details visit on YouTube; @SELF-EXPLANATORY;
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAiarMZDNhe1A3Rnpr_WkzA/videos
Thanks...!
Observation of Io’s Resurfacing via Plume Deposition Using Ground-based Adapt...Sérgio Sacani
Since volcanic activity was first discovered on Io from Voyager images in 1979, changes
on Io’s surface have been monitored from both spacecraft and ground-based telescopes.
Here, we present the highest spatial resolution images of Io ever obtained from a groundbased telescope. These images, acquired by the SHARK-VIS instrument on the Large
Binocular Telescope, show evidence of a major resurfacing event on Io’s trailing hemisphere. When compared to the most recent spacecraft images, the SHARK-VIS images
show that a plume deposit from a powerful eruption at Pillan Patera has covered part
of the long-lived Pele plume deposit. Although this type of resurfacing event may be common on Io, few have been detected due to the rarity of spacecraft visits and the previously low spatial resolution available from Earth-based telescopes. The SHARK-VIS instrument ushers in a new era of high resolution imaging of Io’s surface using adaptive
optics at visible wavelengths.
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDASAMIR PANDA
Spectroscopy is a branch of science dealing the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflect spectroscopy in the UV-VIS spectral region.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is an analytical method that can measure the amount of light received by the analyte.
1. GROUNDWATER RESOURCES
GOVERNANCE IN TRANSBOUNDARY
AQUIFERS
Stampriet - Kalahari/Karoo Aquifer Case Study
Activities and Execution Arrangements
2. Outline
Project outputs and activites
Partners and existing initiatives
Execution and management arrangements
Budget
3. Project design & Activities
Output 1.1: Indicator-based
assessment & diagnostic
anaysis
Output 1.2: Information
Management System (IMS)
Component 1:
Building recognition of the shared
nature of the resource, and mutual
trust through an assessment based
on joint fact finding and science
based diagnostics
Component 2:
Reaching consensus on
transboundary governance
mechanisms for transboundary
groundwater management
Output 2.1: Establishment of
Multi-Country Consultative
Body (CB)
Output 2.2: Enhanced
awareness of countries on the
UNGA Resolution on the Law
of Transboundary Aquifers
4. Output 1.1 - Assessment
Activities:
1.1.1. Elaboration of aquifer specific methodology
Review of indicators and final decision on adopted set of indicators
Definition of data collection needs, and methodology for the Aquifer
Characterization and Diagnostic Analysis, including questionnaires
Definition of new surveys (geophysical, remote sensing, etc.) possibly
needed to fill information gaps
1.1.2 Assessment kick-off workshop
To present a preliminary estimate of current state of data availability,
quality, gaps, required harmonization, formatting, etc..
To agree on final set of indicators for the assessment, and the Aquifer
Characterization and Diagnostic methodology
To define and adopt Questionnaires, and possible plan of new surveys
5. Activities:
1.1.3 Data and information collection and processing
Collection and processing of existing data and information: Climate and
hydrology; Hydrogeology; Environmental conditions (Quality/quantity);
Socio-economic dimensions; existing policy instruments, regulations
and laws, existing management practices including monitoring.
Fill data gaps, possibly by undertaking small field-surveys in the aquifer
area
Technical review meeting
Evaluate the progress of data gathering activities, and level of data
harmonization
Output 1.1 – Assessment (cont‘d)
6. 1.1.4 Carry out the assessment
In depth assessment of transboundary aquifer based on collected
information, consisting of:
a. Development of the conceptual model of the aquifer and
characterization of aquifer properties
b. Visualization of the aquifer through (i) geological map, (ii) cross
sections, (iii) block diagram
c. Application of indicators, including governance, socio-economic,
and legal issues (whole aquifer, national segments)
d. Visualization of indicator distribution through thematic maps (and
cross sections, if needed)
e. To assess groundwater resources and potential issues of TB
concern based on agreed indicators
1.1.5 Proposal for Harmonized Monitoring Network
Agreement between countries on the design of a harmonized monitoring
network based on results from assessment
Output 1.1 – Assessment (cont‘d)
7. Activities
1.2.1 System design
Software requirement specifications including functional design,
reference system, data formats and processing tools,
presentation/graphics, etc
1.2.2 System development & testing
1.2.3 Data harmonization, processing and input
Process and harmonize data at regional/aquifer level, prepare input
information and calculate indicators, upload data & info into the aquifer
information system
1.2.4 Training/ technical capacity building
Capacity building on data collection, processing (GIS) and use of the
system and Groundwater management.
Output 1.2 – Information Management System
8. Activities
Review existing institutions/mechanisms & their mandate
Analyze elements for technical and organizational synergy
Define the operational manual
Output 2.1 – Establishment of Multi-Country
Consultative Body (CB)
Consultative body with the mandate to facilitate information exchange
among aquifer countries on aquifer resources management,
established and operational
9. Activities
2.2.1. Training on International Law related to TBAs
Conduct training workshop on International Law related to TBAs within
the context of the multi-country consultative body
with the objective to inform Governments and regional mechanisms on
the International Law Instruments related to TBAs and opportunities for
their implementation
Output 2.2 – Enhanced awareness on the UNGA
Resolution on the Law of Transboundary Aquifers
10. Support cooperation mechanisms among countries
sharing the aquifers and facilitate priority actions and
policy reforms
Multi-country consultative body established.
Implement Monitoring Programme & agree on environmental
quality targets
Cooperation on priority actions and policy reforms
Partnership Conferences to consolidate international support
Outlook to Phase 2 (post 2015)
12. Steering Committee
The Steering Committee (SC) will consist of:
Representatives from governmental lead partners from each
of the three countries
UNESCO-IHP (project executing agency)
IGRAC, as a UNESCO technical centre
SADC
Additional parties, such as representatives of other regional
organizations such as ORASECOM, may be invited to attend
the Steering Committee meetings as observers upon the
request of the SC members.
13. Project Team
Regional coordinator
National focal points in each country
National experts from each country:
Hydrogeology
Environment and Socio-Economics
Legal and Institutional Frameworks
Supported by: UNESCO-IHP & Windhoek office,
IGRAC
14. Overall budget
Allocation per case study (x 3) 506,000 US$
Data & Information Management 319,000 US$
Legal Component/ UNGA Resolution
Implementation 32,000 US$
Communication & Awareness 112,000 US$
Project Coordination and
Management 234,000 US$
Total budget for implementation 2,215,000 US$
15. Tentative budget breakdown
506,000 US$ allocation for Stampriet-Kalahari/Karoo
National experts & regional coordinator (collection and
harmonization of data, data management system,
stakeholder analysis, transboundary mapping, diagnostic
report & assessment: 261k
Data collection and field campaigns 70k
Meetings & Capacity building 150k
Communication 25k
Component 1: 460k US$ - Component 2 – 46k US$
16. Partners and existing initiatives
Build on existing initiatives, avoid overlaps design
activities to be complementary
Regional mechanisms: SADC, ORASECOM, AMCOW
National activitities: DWA of BO, NA and SA, ...
Multilateral cooperation: GEF, UNESCO-ISARM,...
Bilateral cooperation: GIZ, BGR, JICA, ...
NGOs, international associations, research institutes:
NEPAD water centres of excellence, IWMI, GMISA, ...
This list is far from being complete...
18. Groundwater Resources Governance in
Transboundary Aquifers - SDC
Objectives:
improve the knowledge and recognition of the
importance and vulnerability of transboundary
groundwater resources,
establish cross-border dialogue and cooperation
develop shared management tools; and
facilitate governance reforms focused on improving
livelihoods, economic development and environmental
sustainability.
19. Objectives of the first regional meeting
To formally launch the project and update all parties on the progress of
the project’s implementation;
To ensure that all parties are familiar with the objectives, activities,
budget, deliverables and approach to the implementation of the project;
To present the roles, functions, and responsibilities of project
stakeholders, project’s Country Focal Points (CFPs) and other project
partners;
To present a preliminary estimate of the current state of data availability
and ownership, required harmonization, and formatting;
To discuss the assessment methodology and provide ideas for its
adaptation to local conditions, including potential identification of
additional, aquifer specific, indicators and potential field works (limited);
To present, discuss, amend if needed, and adopt the project's overall
workplan; and
To agree on next steps and project milestones.
20. History
Eberhard‘s slides (Ivica to cover this?)
IHP council resolution
SDC agreed to provide funding for three case studies
(detailed TBA assessments, contributing to the TWAP
project)
Preparation phase, mission to BO, NA and SA in March
2013
Preparation of the project document basis for this
presentation
