This document discusses database performance tuning. It covers the physical structure of databases, phases of query processing and query plans, indexes and maintenance, monitoring queries, performance issues and resolutions. Specific topics include the purpose of data and log files, separating files, query execution steps, index types (clustered, non-clustered, covering), index maintenance, monitoring tools like Profiler and DMVs, and resolving issues like blocking, deadlocks and high CPU usage. Demos are provided of indexes, monitoring features, and troubleshooting techniques.

1. Database
Performance
Tuning
By Rahul
Gulab Singh

2. Agenda
 Physical structure of databases
 Phases of Query Processing and Query Plan
 Indexes and Maintenance
 How to monitor and track queries in the
background
 Sql Server Profiler , Activity Monitor , Sql Server
Reports and Extended Events
 Common Performance Issues and Resolutions

3. Physical Structure of Database
 Demo
 What is the purpose of Log File and Data File

4. Purpose of data and Log file

5. Physical Structure Performance
Tuning Steps.
 Separate Data File from Log file
 Set Initial Size for Data file and log file
 Tempdb on separate drive

6. Phases of Query Processing and
Query Plan
 What Happens when Query is executed
 Step1 – Checks Syntax of the Query
 Step2 – Check if a Plan is already created
 Step3 –Creates Plan if not created based on Data
, Indexes , Uniqueness , Statistics
 Step5- Execute the Plan
 Benefits of Procedure over Adhoc Queries

8. Query plan Demo
 Demo
 Sys.dm_exec_cache_plan
 Sys.dm_exec_query_plan()
 Sys.dm_exec_sql_text()

9. Indexes
 Sql Server Index Method
 Clustered Index --- Scan and Seek
 Non-Clustered Indexes– Scan and Seek
 Covering Indexes
 Filtered Indexes
 Full text Indexes
 Spatial Indexes
 Column Store Indexes

10. Sales Table
 Data

11. Clustered Index

12. Non-Clustered Index

13. Covering Indexes

14. Other Indexes
 Filtered Indexes
 Spatial Indexes
 XML Indexes
 Fulltext Indexes

15. Index Maintenance –Fill Factor

16. Index Maintenance- page Split

17. Page Linkages Brokes

18. Index Maintenance
 Fill Factor , Page Split , Linkages moved
 Alter Rebuild and Re-organize Commands
 Sys.dm_db_index_physical_stats
 Sys.dm_db_index_usage_stats
 Sys.dm_db_missing_index_
 Statistics and maintenance
 Update Statistics tblname with fullscan

19. What has been Covered till Now
 Physical Structure
 Query processing Steps , Query Plan
 Indexes Analysis , Maintenance

20. How to monitor and track queries
in the background
 Dynamic Management Views and Functions
 Information about DB server Various
Dimensions namely Hardware , OS , DB
Internals various Component s
 Sp_who2 and Sp_who4
 Common DMV used.

21. DEMO
 Sys.dm_exec_query_stats
 Sys.dm_exec_requests
 Sys.dm_exec_Sqltext()
 Plan_Handle and Sql_handle

22. Sql Server Profiler
 When to use Profiler
 Precautions in using Profiler
 How to import Profiler data in a Sql server
table
 Demo

23. Monitoring Tools
 Activity Monitor Demo
 SQL Server Reports
 Performance Counters Demo
 SQl Server Extended Events

24. Common Performance Issues
and Resolutions
 CPU utilization 100% for DB server
 Connect to DB server
 Increase the Timeout to 100 seconds
 Run Sys.dm_exec_query_stats with
sys.dm_exec_sql_text
 Run Update Statistics with full scan on current
wait tables

25. Common Performance Issues
and Resolutions
 Severe Blocking Happening on server
 Run Sp_who4
 Check the Blocker Head
 Kill the Blocker Head
 Still issue persist
 Run Update Stats

26. Common Performance Issues
and Resolutions
 Frequent Deadlocks occurring on server
 Track Deadlocks through extended events
 Track Deadlocks through DBCC Traceon
 Steps to reduce Deadlocks
 With(nolock) , Make transactions Shorter

27. Common Performance Issues
and Resolutions
 Frequent Performance issues occurring
 Tried all aspects of indexes and maintenance
and still no luck
 Only Solution Archiving
 HDFC Site Example

28. What we have Covered
 Physical structure of databases
 Phases of Query Processing and Query Plan
 Indexes and Maintenance
 How to monitor and track queries in the
background
 Sql Server Profiler , Activity Monitor , Sql Server
Reports and Extended Events
 Common Performance Issues and Resolutions

29. Books and Resources
 Sql server Internals by Kimberlay
 Query Performance Distilled by Grant Fritchey
 Inside Microsoft sql server T-sql series by Itzik
Ben-Gan
 Sql server Administrator by Wrox Series