Brief overview of sql server database administration , DBA activities , Database server , Basic overiews of database systems

1. B Y R A H U L S I N G H
MICROSOFT SQL SERVER
ADMINISTRATION

2. MICROSOFT SQL SERVER
• Introduction
• Installation
• Administering Microsoft SQL Server
• Troubleshooting and Tuning

3. MICROSOFT SQL SERVER
INTRODUCTION
• MSSQL server is a database software provided by
Microsoft organization
• It handles large databases having millions of records
efficient and effectively
• Data integrity , availability , easy to use is the key aspect
of the product

4. INSTALLATION
• Considering Editions : Different editions are available to
fulfill variety of needs
(Enterprise , Standard , Business Intelligence)
• Determining hardware requirements (cpu,memory,disk)
• Consolidation with Virtual Servers
• Collation – How data would be sorted consideration on
case sensitivity

5. CHOOSING A HIGH-AVAILABILITY
SOLUTION
• HA means if you have database and if it goes down then
another server would become active and provide service
• Various methods are available for HA solutions in
Microsoft sql server namely
• Failover clustering
• Database Mirroring
• Log- Shipping
• Replication
• Alwayson

6. INSTALLING AND UPGRADING
• Choose the features you want to install namely
Database Engine, Replication , BI , Integration Services
• Configuring the Instance (Sp_configure )
• Command-Line Installation vs GUI
• Microsoft SQL Server Upgrade Advisor for upgrading the
server to higher versions

7. POST INSTALLATIONS
• After post installations there are variety of options which
you need to configure
• Service account through which sql service would run
• Sql Server Network configuration (TCP protocol)
• Setting Minimum and maximum memory allocated to the
sql server
• Enabling Backup Compression

8. ADMINISTERING MICROSOFT
SQL SERVER
• Policy based management – policy can be created for
example if backup is failed a mail alert would be fire
through the system
• Central Management server – tool is used to configure
multiple servers for example if you need to create a table
on 1000+ server you can create it using a single
command

9. MANAGING SECURITY
• Windows login can be added for access
• Sql server login can be created for access
• Schema is a logical container in which tables are created
• Many different types of roles and permissions can be
added in the DB instance
• Data can be encrypted

10. SYSTEM DATABASES
• Sql server has 4 basic types on in built system database
• Master – used for storing configuration information
• Msdb - used for storing scheduling information
• Tempdb- used for temporary operations
• Model - A template for newly db created

11. DIFFERENT TYPES OF OBJECTS IN DB
• Tables --- Has actual data
• Views --- Virtual table pointing to tables
• Procedures – Programming logics
• Functions - Programming logics not changing the state
of the database
• Constraints – Primary key , Foreign key for maintain
referential integrity
• Data Types – Int, varchar, datetime etc

12. INDEXING FOR PERFORMANCE
• Index can be created on tables to improve the
performance of the queries
• Varieties of indexes available in sql server namely
• Clustered index
• Non-clustered index
• Full text indexes
• Spatial indexes
• Filtered indexes
• Covering indexes

13. INDEX MAINTENANCE
• Over a period of time index performance gets degraded
• Fill factor (Page fill option) should be set to 80%
• Index should be rebuild or reorganize to remove any kind
of internal as well as external fragmentation

14. BACKUPS OF DBS
• Different types of backups are available in sql server to
product namely
• Full Backup which takes entire db backup
• Differential Backup takes backup for data that has been
change since last full backup
• Transactional backup takes backup of data since last
transactional log backup
• First transactional log backup takes data of only
transaction that are mark as inactive in transactional log
backup of the db

15. RESTORE OF DATABASE
• Recovery models plays a vital role in recovery strategy
• Full , Bulk-logged and simple are available
• Full backup can be restore by simple command
restore db from disk =‘Path’ with recovery
• Differential backup can be restore only by restoring last
full backup with norecovery and then restoring
differential backup it with recovery

16. AUTOMATING DAILY TASKS
• Database mail – A mail can be sent from the db using
this utilty
• Sql server Agent – A scheduler can be configure which
will trigger as per schedule specified by you
• Various actions can be automated namley Backups ,
index maintenance , business logics using Sql server
agent

17. MONITORING SERVER
• Performance monitor – A windows tool can be used to
capture cpu, memory , io metrics
• DMVS – Dynamic management views and functions -
best tool to captures queries causing issues
• Activity monitor – GUI tool to monitor Server
performance
• Sql server Profiler – Capture data on demand different
types of events can be captured

18. OTHER USEFUL TOOLS
• Sql server Audit --- All the activities happening in sql
server can be captured using audit tool
• Extended Events –New tools introduced similar to
profiler but takes very less resources

19. NEW FEATURES
• Online Index Rebuilds --- Indexes now can be rebuild
online which is only available in enterprise edition
• Database Restores –Gui option given for page level
restores
• Contained Databases – New concept making database
more portable to move across servers

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