This document outlines chapters from a data analysis course, including probability, statistics, and voting/apportionment. Chapter 11 covers fundamental probability concepts like the counting principle, permutations, combinations and basic probability calculations. Chapter 12 discusses statistical measures like central tendency, dispersion and the normal distribution. Chapter 14 examines voting and apportionment methods and their flaws. The document emphasizes that probability theory provides tools for dealing with risks and uncertainty in life.

1. Welcome to Data Analysis

2. Course OutlineChapter 11: ProbabilityChapter 12: StatisticsChapter 14: Voting and Apportionment

3. Chapter 11: ProbabilityFundamental Counting PrinciplePermutationsCombinationsBasic ProbabilityProbability with FCP, Permutations and CombinationsProbability involving Not, Or, AndOdds and Expected Value

4. Chapter 12: StatisticsSampling, Frequency Distribution and GraphsMeasures of Central TendencyMeasures of DispersionThe Normal DistributionScatter Plots, Correlation and Regressions

5. Chapter 14: Voting and ApportionmentVoting MethodsFlaws of Voting MethodsApportionment MethodsFlaws of Apportionment Methods

6. Why Study these concepts?Life is filled with risks and uncertainty.Probability theory will give you tools to help you in making decisions.Should you buy a protection insurance for your new phone or computer?According to today’s weather forecast, there is a 60% chance of rain. What does it mean?What are the chances of being crowned the Homecoming Queen or Snowball Princess?