This document provides an overview of small arms ammunition for student officers. It aims to familiarize them with ammunition characteristics, design, and technical data. The document outlines five parts: defining small arms ammunition and required damage levels, components of ammunition including cartridge cases and bullets, types of ammunition such as ball, armor-piercing, and tracer rounds, latest developments in cartridge cases including plastic cases and caseless ammunition, and latest bullet developments including armor-piercing bullets and tungsten carbide rounds. It concludes with recommendations.