Cycles of matter
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The document discusses several important cycles in nature. It begins by explaining the energy cycle in an ecosystem, with the sun providing energy to plants, which are then consumed by animals higher up the food chain. It then describes the water cycle, in which water evaporates from bodies of water into the air as vapor, condenses into clouds, and falls as precipitation, collecting and evaporating again. It also summarizes the carbon cycle, where carbon is absorbed by plants and released when plants and animals respire or decay, and the nitrogen cycle, where nitrogen in the air is absorbed by plants and recycled through the ecosystem. These cycles are essential for recycling scarce resources and sustaining life.
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Cycling of Matter in Ecosystems
The document discusses several biogeochemical cycles, including the water, carbon, and nitrogen cycles. These cycles describe the continuous movement and exchange of substances between living organisms and their inorganic environment. Specifically, it notes that the water cycle involves the processes that move water through the environment, the carbon cycle involves the exchange of carbon between the atmosphere, organisms, and carbon deposits, and the nitrogen cycle describes how nitrogen is converted between different forms and moves between organisms and the atmosphere.
2.2 Cycles Of Matter
The three important cycles of matter are the water cycle, carbon and oxygen cycles, and nitrogen cycle. The water cycle involves evaporation, condensation, and precipitation in a continuous process where water moves from the Earth's surface to the atmosphere and back. Evaporation changes liquid water to a gas, condensation changes a gas to a liquid forming clouds, and precipitation causes liquid drops to fall back to Earth as rain, snow, sleet or hail. The carbon and oxygen cycles involve producers using carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen through photosynthesis. Nitrogen fixation by bacteria changes nitrogen gas into a usable form, occurring in nodules on plant roots to make nitrogen available to organisms.
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The document discusses key concepts related to ecosystems, including energy flow, trophic levels, food chains, and food webs. It explains that the sun is the primary source of energy for ecosystems and that energy flows through trophic levels from producers to consumers. While chemical elements cycle through an ecosystem, energy is lost at each transfer between trophic levels and must constantly be replenished by the sun. Food chains and food webs illustrate the complex feeding relationships and energy transfers within an ecosystem.
The BIOGEOCHEMICAL Cycle
This document summarizes the key biogeochemical cycles: the carbon, water, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and sulfur cycles. It provides brief descriptions of each cycle, explaining how the chemical element or compound moves through the biosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere. The carbon cycle involves the movement of carbon between organisms through photosynthesis, respiration, and combustion. The water and nitrogen cycles similarly describe the circulation of water and nitrogen between living things and the environment.
Nitrogen cycle
The document summarizes the nitrogen cycle, which is the process by which nitrogen is converted between various chemical forms through biological and physical processes like fixation, ammonification, nitrification, and denitrification. It discusses how these processes work together in ecosystems and how human activities have significantly impacted the global nitrogen cycle through fossil fuel combustion, fertilizer use, and waste release.
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My mission is to deliver world-class international education power point presentation through the provision of high-quality curricula, assessment and services for the IGCSE EVM.
A wide range of materials and resources is available through my Slide share to support teachers and learners in Cambridge schools. Resources suit a variety of teaching methods in different international contexts.
The content of this power point presentation is designed to encourage reflection on the limits to growth and sustainable development for IGCSE EVM.
The content of this PowerPoint is structured as a series of learning outcomes that lay out what candidates should know, understand and be able to analyze and discuss.
Environmental Management is concerned not only with the impact of humankind on the planet but also with the patterns of human behavior necessary to preserve and manage the environment in a self-sustaining way. Study is linked to the areas of new thinking in environmental management, environmental economics and the quest for alternative technologies. Classroom studies and optional coursework allow candidates to obtain a local as well as a global perspective.
Photosynthesis
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The document discusses several biogeochemical cycles, including the water, carbon, and nitrogen cycles. These cycles describe the continuous movement and exchange of substances between living organisms and their inorganic environment. Specifically, it notes that the water cycle involves the processes that move water through the environment, the carbon cycle involves the exchange of carbon between the atmosphere, organisms, and carbon deposits, and the nitrogen cycle describes how nitrogen is converted between different forms and moves between organisms and the atmosphere.
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The three important cycles of matter are the water cycle, carbon and oxygen cycles, and nitrogen cycle. The water cycle involves evaporation, condensation, and precipitation in a continuous process where water moves from the Earth's surface to the atmosphere and back. Evaporation changes liquid water to a gas, condensation changes a gas to a liquid forming clouds, and precipitation causes liquid drops to fall back to Earth as rain, snow, sleet or hail. The carbon and oxygen cycles involve producers using carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen through photosynthesis. Nitrogen fixation by bacteria changes nitrogen gas into a usable form, occurring in nodules on plant roots to make nitrogen available to organisms.
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A wide range of materials and resources is available through my Slide share to support teachers and learners in Cambridge schools. Resources suit a variety of teaching methods in different international contexts.
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Matter cycles between living and nonliving components in ecosystems through biogeochemical cycles. Key cycles discussed include water, carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen. Matter is recycled through producers, consumers, and decomposers. Toxins can accumulate and concentrate in organisms at higher trophic levels since they are not biodegradable and biomass decreases at each level. This was seen with DDT accumulation in birds, interfering with egg shell formation and reproduction.
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- this causes small temperature gradient between the ocean surface and the nearby land at night and the wind will blow from the land to the ocean creating the land breeze.
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Cycles of matter
- 2. ENERGY AND CYCLES In the last module you learned about energy in ecosystems. In this diagram, the sun provides energy to the flower, the flower is energy for the caterpillar. The caterpillar is energy for the frog. The frog is energy for the snake, and the snake is energy for the owl.
- 3. ENERGY AND CYCLES In the end, the owl will become old and will die. Decomposers will break down the owl’s body, and the nutrients and compounds that made up the body will return to the soil. Those nutrients will find their way into plants like the flower, and the process will start over again. We call this a cycle.
- 4. CYCLES ARE LIKE CIRCLES
- 5. WATER CYCLE The water cycle is how rain falls to the ground and then how it gets back to the air to become rain again. There are some special vocabulary words related to the water cycle…
- 6. WATER VAPOR Water vapor is water that has changed to a gas. You can’t see this water, but you can probably feel it. In the summer, or at a pool, you can get that wet, sticky feeling from the air. That is water in the air. Did you know the water drops on the outside of a glass are from water vapor in the air?
- 7. PRECIPITATION Precipitation is just a long word for snow and rain. Water vapor cools down and turns into droplets making clouds. When a lot of water has built up, the clouds get heavy and water falls back as rain.
- 8. COLLECTION When water falls back to earth as precipitation it can end up in lakes, rivers, oceans or on land. On land it will become a part of the ground water and it will be soaked up and used by plants and animals. If it goes to the lakes, oceans and rivers it will begin the water cycle all over again.
- 9. EVAPORATION Evaporation is when the sun heats up water in the rivers, lakes and oceans. When the water heats up it turns to water vapor or steam. When it turns to steam it leaves the bodies of water and goes into the air. Once up high it cools down and becomes water droplets in clouds.
- 10. TRANSPIRATION Plants lose water too. It is similar to people…people sweat when they are hot, and when plants heat up they sweat too. When plants sweat they call it transpiration.
- 11. WATER CYCLE So the cycle repeats itself. Water evaporates into water vapor and rises into the air. The water cools down and turns into droplets forming clouds. When enough water builds up it rains. The rain collects in oceans, rivers, and on land. The water evaporates from the water and transpires from the plants becoming water vapor again.
- 12. CYCLES OF MATTER There are cycles everywhere in nature. The materials that organisms need in nature are often cycled and recycled. Two very common cycles of matter are the carbon cycle and the nitrogen cycle. Both are important to plants and people alike.
- 13. CARBON CYCLE Carbon is an element found everywhere in nature. There is carbon in plants. There is also carbon in diamonds, sugars, “lead” in pencils and gasoline. Carbon is in all living things. carbon
- 14. CARBON CYCLE 1) In the carbon cycle plants use carbon dioxide and make carbohydrates during photosynthesis, something you studied in module 4. The carbohydrates (which, remember, have carbon) are stored in plants. 2) When plants get eaten by other organisms the carbohydrates break down and carbon is released when the organisms breathe. Then the cycle starts again.
- 15. Carbon is recycled in others ways, too. Carbon, in some form, is released when dead plants and animals are decomposed or when fossil fuels (products like oil and coil) are burned.
- 16. NITROGEN CYCLE Nitrogen is another element in nature and it makes up about 70% of the air we breathe. It is important for plant growth and all life in an ecosystem. The basic process is the same as the carbon cycle. Nitrogen is cycled through the environment with the help of plants and animals, who help keep the nitrogen in balance.
- 17. LET’S REVIEW! Energy is cycled in our ecosystems SUN PRODUCERS CONSUMERS SUN Matter is also recycled. Some common cycles of matter are the water cycle, carbon cycle and nitrogen cycle. Recycling matter is important because there is a limited amount of matter available on earth. If nature did not recycle we would run out of important materials necessary to sustain life.