20210707

1. Cyberbullying

2. Background
- Cyberbullying problem may
occur as the viral video and
social media have been
popular nowadays
- Victim(Can be
youngster,celebrities,or
adults)
- Not common in the
past(1990-2005)

3. Defintition
- Take place over digital devices like cell phones, computers, and tablets.
- Occur through SMS, Text, and apps, or online in social media, forums, or gaming where
people can view, participate in, or share content.
- Include sending, posting, or sharing negative, harmful, false, or mean content about
someone else. sharing personal or private information about someone else causing
embarrassment or humiliation.
- Crosses the line into unlawful or criminal behavior.

4. Definition
Cyberbullying website in 2003
-Its defintion: the use of information and communication technologies which supports deliberate,
repeated and hostile behavior by an individual or group that is intended to harm others

5. Factor
Understanding the influencing factors of cyberbullying is key to effectively curbing cyberbullying. Among the various factors, this
study focused on the personal level of individual students and categorized the influencing factors of cyberbullying among college
students into five sublevels, i.e., background, Internet use and social network habits, personality, emotion, and literacy related to
digital citizenship. Then a questionnaire survey was applied to 947 Chinese college students. The results show that cyberbullying
among Chinese college students are generally at a low level. There are many factors influence cyberbullying. Specifically, at the
personal background level, gender has a significant impact on cyberbullying and being cyberbullied. In terms of personal Internet
use and social network habits, students’ average daily online time has no significant correlation with cyberbullying and being
cyberbullied; however, the proportion of online non-learning time has a significantly positive correlation with cyberbullying, and the
proportion of online learning/work time has a significant impact on being cyberbullied. At the personality level, the Big Five
personality traits have varying degrees of correlation with and influence on cyberbullying and being cyberbullied. At the personal
emotions level, students’ life satisfaction has a significantly negative correlation with cyberbullying and being cyberbullied while it
only has a significant impact on being cyberbullied; the personal stress and empathetic concern aspects of empathy have a
significantly positive correlation with cyberbullying and being cyberbullied among female students. At the literacy related to digital
citizenship level, students’ understanding of and compliance with Internet etiquette have significantly negative impacts on
cyberbullying; the ability to communicate and collaborate online and Internet addiction have significantly positive impacts on
cyberbullying and being cyberbullied; the understanding of and compliance with relevant digital laws and regulations have
significantly negative correlations with cyberbullying and being cyberbullied. Overall, college students’ digital citizenship level has
a significantly negative correlation with cyberbullying but no significant correlation with being cyberbullied.

6. Factor
- The evolution of the Internet
- Globalization
- Different points of view(Political,Discrimination)
- Revengeance(Conflict)

7. Types
➔ Human Flesh Search Engine(人肉搜尋，俗稱「起底」)
➔ Inappropriate Photographs(不當照片)
➔ Impersonation(冒充)
➔ Video Shaming(視頻羞辱)
➔ Verbal abuse(Profanities)
➔ Discrimination(Sexual/Racial/Disability)
➔ Inappropriate action(Suicide)

8. Consequence
Bullycide
Emotional Effects
● Not surprisingly, cyberbullying is a significant stressor in a young person's life. In fact, research shows that 32% of kids who are targets
of cyberbullying report experiencing at least one symptom of stress.
● In addition to feeling distressed, they also may feel embarrassed, hurt, and even fear for their safety. They may even blame themselves
for the cyberbullying.
Humiliation
● Because cyberbullying occurs in cyberspace, online bullying feels permanent. Kids know that once something is out there, it will always
be out there. They can feel exposed, embarrassed, and overwhelmed.
● When cyberbullying occurs, the nasty posts, messages, or texts can be shared with multitudes of people. The sheer volume of people
that know about the bullying can lead to intense feelings of humiliation.
Isolation
● Cyberbullying sometimes causes kids to be excluded and ostracized at school. Consequently, they often feel alone and isolated. This
experience can be particularly painful because friends are crucial at this age. When kids don’t have friends, this can lead to more
bullying.
● When cyberbullying occurs, parents sometimes recommend shutting off the computer or turning off the cell phone. But for many kids,
using these devices is considered the most important way they communicate with others. Turning them off often means cutting off their
connection with their world, which can make them feel more secluded.

9. Consequence
victims may get frustrated under the torture from the aggressive verbal accusation of netizens
-hopeless,anxiety --can’t find solution to tackle the problem(eg talking to a counsellor)
-Anti-social behaviours(lose credibility to someone/ get into fights easily)

10. Cantonese poetry recitation(特別的朗誦技巧)
Cantonese poetry recitation is a short film that began in early
January 2014 and went viral on the Internet. Because the
expressions of the boys in the film were exaggerated and
pretentious during the recitation performance, many netizens
ridiculed them.
Example

11. The Bus Uncle Incident(巴士阿叔事件)
The Bus Uncle is a Cantonese YouTube viral video clip of a quarrel between two men aboard a bus in Hong Kong on
27 April 2006. While the older man, who came to be nicknamed the Bus Uncle, scolded the man seated behind him, a
nearby passenger used a camera phone to record the entire incident. The resulting six-minute video was uploaded to
the Hong Kong Golden Forum, YouTube, and Google Video. The clip became YouTube's most viewed video in May
2006,attracting viewers with its rhetorical outbursts and copious use of profanity by the older man, receiving 1.7 million
hits in the first 3 weeks of that month.
The video became a cultural sensation in Hong Kong, inspiring vigorous debate and discussion on lifestyle, etiquette,
civic awareness and media ethics within the city, eventually attracting the attention of the media around the world.
Example

12. Blue Whale Games(藍鯨遊戲)
- Maybe Come From Russia
- Has killed many youngsters as they didn’t cherish themselves and
understand how valuable the life is
- Spread out through Western, Eastern Countries
Example

13. Cindy Peng Incident(楊又穎事件)
- She is an entertainer
- She has ended up her life because of cyberbullying
- Feel stressed and skeptical to
- She cared about the negative comments too much
- Reflect Cyberbullying is a Serious Problem
Example

14. Suggestion to deal with Cyberbullying
Technology doesn’t have to make us victims or perpetrators of bullying.
By being mindful and considerate, we can make our online experience better.
While bullying is nothing new and we all know that it’s changed, finding victims not only on the playground but
where they are online, there are tactics to combat it. Raising awareness about the issue, defining it as unacceptable,
and sticking up for those who are bullied are ways that we will hopefully curtail this growing problem.
Make a 30 second rule.
After you’ve written something but before you post it, step away from the computer or phone for 30 seconds.
When you come back, look at the message you wrote and ask yourself how you’d feel if someone wrote this to you.
Do not reread the offending comments.
This will only lead to obsession and further anger. Report the offending comments to a group moderator if
possible.

15. Suggestion
★ Education(Bulid up internet Ethics)
★ Legislation(To take action to tackle problem)
★ Social Media should config guidelines
★ Care your friends(Start By you!)
★ Community should unite together(Start a campaign)

16. Facts and statistics
Cyberbullying around the world
We analyzed the results of an Ipsos international survey of adults in 28 countries which reveal an increasing number of
parents have children who have experienced some form of cyberbullying.
In total 20,793 interviews were conducted between March 23 – April 6, 2018, among adults aged 18-64 in the US and
Canada, and adults aged 16-64 in all other countries.
Of particular interest are Russia and Japan. In both countries, parents expressed extremely high levels of confidence
that their children did not experience cyberbullying of any kind.
Meanwhile, Indian parents remained among the highest to express confidence that their children were cyberbullied at
least sometimes, a number that only grew from 2011 to 2018. Across Europe and the Americas, it also appears more
parents are either becoming aware of their children’s negative experiences with cyberbullying, or their children are
increasingly experiencing such attacks online.

17. Facts and statistics
Percentage of parents that report their child has been a victim of cyberbullying
Country 2018 2016 2011
India 37 32 32
Brazil 29 19 20
United States 26 34 15
Belgium 25 13 12
South Africa 26 25 10
Malaysia 23 -- --
Sweden 23 20 14

18. Prevention
Dos:
● Protect personal data;
● Respect and accept difference in opinions;
● Install software to filter out unwelcome messages;
● Keep record of bullying incidents for follow-up;
● Report the incidents to the concerned ISP or organisation; and
● Seek help from reliable friends and relatives.

19. Reference
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.621418/full
https://www.stopbullying.gov/cyberbullying/what-is-it
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Bus_Uncle
https://www.talkspace.com/blog/7-ways-to-deal-with-cyberbullying/
https://languagelog.ldc.upenn.edu/nll/?p=10084
https://www.verywellfamily.com/what-are-the-effects-of-cyberbullying-460558
https://www.police.gov.hk/ppp_en/04_crime_matters/tcd/ptc.html
…..etc