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Culture shock
The document summarizes chapters about culture shock and adaptation from a book on international students' challenges. It describes the environmental, linguistic, academic, and social difficulties students face. Culture shock symptoms include anxiety, homesickness, and isolation. Two narratives illustrate how loneliness and isolation can trigger depression or wild imagination in students experiencing culture shock. The stages of cultural adaptation are explained as an initial "honeymoon" period, followed by a "crisis" as differences are noticed, then "recovery" and gradual adjustment as understanding and language skills improve. Full adjustment is achieved when students feel comfortable and accepted in the new culture.
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Culture shock
- 1. CHAPTER 5: CULTURESHOCK & CHAPTER 6: ADAPTATION By: Teddy Fiktorius (F5221 2025) Angela Genoveva (F5221 2028) Postgraduate Study of English Language Education Teacher Training and Education Faculty University of Tanjungpura Pontianak 2013
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- 3. CULTURE SHOCK International students’challenges Environmental lingusitic academic Adaptation Difficulty Familiar ways VS. New ways social
- 4. MULTITUDE OF DIFFERENTBEHAVIOURS Obvious VS. Not so obvious behaviours American students bring food and drinks to classrooms Americans show physical affection in public places obvious behaviours How American greet, introduce, interrupt, take turns speaking, stand in line, open a gift, ask the teacher questions, etc Not so obvious behaviours More difficult to cope with
- 5. MICRO-BEHAVIOURS Hall (1998): Micro-behaviours Nonverbal cues Cuesthat tell people how to behave Whether or not to pass an approaching person on a sidewalk on the left or right? When and how long to look into a person’s eyes during a conversation? Differ across cultures out of awareness (Anderson & Wang, 2006; Hall, 1998; Morain, 1986)
- 6. WHAT CAUSE CULTURESHOCK? obvious behaviours not so obvious behaviours micro-behaviours Emotional difficulties Culture shock Brown (2000), Kohls (1996), and Storti (1989): Symptoms of culture shock Anxiety, homesickness, helplessness, boredom, depression, fatique, confusion, selfdoubt, weeping, paranoia, physical ailments, isolating aggressive symptoms behaviours,
- 7. Isolating behaviours - Stayalone in the room - read and study excessively - avoid contact with Americans - solely befriend with people from their own homeland
- 8. AGGRESIVE SYMPTOMS - Compulsiveeating - obsessive drinking - exaggerated cleanliness - hostility towards Americans
- 9. How culture shockcan affect a student’s behaviour and attitude Narrative 1: What happened to Roger? An American student sees behavioural changes in her Malaysian boyfriend Roger: A Malaysian fitness trainer who went to the United States to study Physical therapy Roger’s girlfriend (the narrative writer): An American women strength trainer who have similar interests Frequented the movie theatre Did aerobics Went cycling, running, swimming, and dancing Enjoyed listening to the ‘80s music A beautiful life romance, huh???????
- 10. AFTER SOME TIMEIN THE U.S. …entering a stage of … Roger started to complain about The snow-covered terrain A freezing apartment The food Grueling semesters of classes “What have I done? I had a good life (in Malaysia), I think I really made a mistake”
- 11. WHAT IS NEXT??? Rogeridentified it as STRESS depression related to culture shock emotional and physical hardship of living in another country …A happy ending narrative… Roger finally worked through his depression and regained his ‘life’ Roger’s girlfriend now understands more about cultural adjustment & culture shock IS THE CURE?????
- 12. NARRATIVE II: Strangerat My Door-A Married Indian Student’s feeling of Isolation Sparks Her Wild Imagination How loneliness and isolation triggers …. Husband: An Indian graduate student in the U.S. Wife (the narrative write): An Indian undergraduate student in the U.S. How it starts…. Arriving at a new, quiet home far away from the city…. A perfect place that would inspire anyone to study??? YET,…
- 13. As time wentby…. The nice big house A place of its own Homesickness and loneliness Nobody to see or talk to Loss of appetite, ability to read and study, & smile Wild Imagination (beyond our imagination) ‘A Stranger at My Door’ Life changed Depression & fear
- 14. HOW IT ENDS…. Afterspending a good deal of time in the U.S. and living in that house…. …becoming used to life there Making a lot of friends Being able to AGAIN, IS adapt to the quiet country life… THE CURE????
- 15. Stages of CulturalAdaptation: Emotional Reactions to the Unfamiliar • • • • • Preparation Initial Experiences Ongoing Interaction and Challenges Culture Shock Adjustment
- 16. The U Curveof Cultural Adaptation
- 17. It is calleda "U Curve" because people generally start at a high point, then experience a decline, or depression, before a leveling off period, then go through a critical "recovery" stage and end up more or less balanced, where they began
- 18. Phases of adaptationaccording to Oberg (1960)
- 19. Honeymoon Stage (Happiness andfascination)
- 20. • • • • Have high hopesand expect great things Feel this is a very exciting time Feel everything is new and interesting Feel confident and that you can easily cope with problems and stress • Tend to focus on what is similar between the host country and the culture and country you come from
- 21. The Crisis (Disappointment, confusingfeelings, frustration and irritation)
- 22. • Feel happyabout the challenges you have overcome • Feel frustrated, confused and disappointed • Feel very positive one day & very negative the next day • Focus on the differences between yourself & natives • Miss your family & feel no connection to the host country • Feel loneliness for your country and loved ones • Feel guilty about leaving family members behind
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- 24. • Feel morein control of your life as you gain a better understanding of the host country • Feel more confident in your language skills • Gradually get involved in the community • Have a better understanding of how to adapt to live in the host country • Have a better sense of what you need to do to get what you want
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- 26. • Feel morecomfortable in the host country • Have made some friends and be more involved in your new community • Understand better how things are done in that new country • Be studying, planning to return to school or working at better jobs • Generally feel content about having come to the country
- 27. Adjustment • Some havetoo many conflicts with values and ways of behaving and cannot fully adjust • Some do adjust enough to participate in the culture, but they become comfortable and do not want to go much beyond the minimum • Other international students move into larger community (make friends, adapt the values) • Some even become bicultural (function in two cultures with confidence)
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