This document discusses cyber crime and its investigation. It begins with defining cyber crime and outlining its history. It then classifies and describes different types of cyber crimes and reasons they occur. The document outlines Indian laws related to cyber crimes and associated punishments. It discusses procedures for investigating malicious applications, collecting digital evidence, securing and documenting crime scenes, transporting evidence, analyzing data, and reporting findings. It concludes that cyber crime continues developing, so cyber security is needed to enhance safety.

1. Submitted to- Submitted by-
Dr. Ankit Srivastava Sir Kunwar Srivastav
Assistant Professor M.Sc. IInd Semester
Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam
Institute Of Forensic Science& Criminology
Bundelkhand University
Jhansi (Uttar Pradesh)
CYBER CRIME AND ITS
INVESTIGATION

2. Introduction
Definition
History of Cyber Crime
Classification Of Cyber Crime
Types Of Cyber Crime
Reasons Of Cyber Crime
Investigation Of Malicious Application
Collection and seizer procedure of digital medium
Securing the scene
Documenting the scene
Transportation
Data acquisition and data analysis
Reporting
Conclusion
Reference
Contents

3. Introduction-
 Any criminal activity which takes place on or over the medium of
the computers or internet or other technology recognized by the
Information Technology Act 2000.
 Definition-The Indian legislature does not provide the exact
definition of cyber crime in any state , even the Information
Technology Act, 2000, which deals with cyber crime does not
defined the term Cyber Crime.
 According to Dr. Debarati Halder and Dr. K. Jaishankar-
 “Offences that are committed against individual or groups of
individuals with a criminal motive to intentionally harm the
reputation of the victim directly or indirectly, using modern
telecommunication network such as Internet .”

4. History Of Cyber Crime-
 Michael Anderson , Father of computer
forensics.
 The first recorded cyber crime took place
in the year 1820.

5. Classification Of Cyber Crime
 Crimes Against Individual-
E-mail harassment, Child pornography, Cyber stalking etc
 Crimes Against Government –
Cyber terrorism, Cyber warfare , Distribution of pirated software etc
 Crimes Against Property-
Intellectual property crime, cyber vandalism, cyber trespass etc
Types Of Cyber Crime-
A- Computer as a target
 Unauthorized access to computer systems
 Malicious software, etc.
B- Online based Cyber Crime
 Crime Identity theft
 Internet scams
 Cyber stalking, etc.

6. Reasons Of Cyber Crime
Complexity Of System
Negligence Of Protection
Loss Of Cyber Evidence
Capacity to store the data
in very small space
Easy To Access

7. Acc. To ITA-2000 Some Crimes And Their
Punishment
Section Offences Punishment
65 Tampering with
computer source
documents
Imprisonment up to three
years, or/and with fine up to
Rs. 200,000
66 Hacking with computer
system
Imprisonment up to three
years, or/and with fine up to
Rs. 500,000
66B Receiving stolen computer or
communication device
Imprisonment up to three
years, or/and with fine up
to Rs.100,000
66C Using password of another
person
Imprisonment up to three
years, or/and with fine up to
Rs. 100,000
66D Cheating using computer
resource
Imprisonment up to three
years, or/and with fine up
to Rs.100,000

8. Sectio
n
Offence Punishmemt
66E Publishing private images of
others
Imprisonment up to three years, or/and
with fine up to Rs. 200,000
66F Acts of cyber terrorism Imprisonment up to life
67 Publishing information
which is obscene in
electronic form
Imprisonment up to five years, or/and with
fine up to Rs. 1,000,000
67A Publishing images
containing sexual acts
Imprisonment up to seven years, or/and
with fine up to Rs. 1,000,000
67B Publishing child porn
or predation children online
Imprisonment up to five years, or/and with
fine up to Rs. 1,000,000 on first conviction.
Imprisonment up to seven years, or/and
with fine up to Rs. 1,000,000 on second
conviction.
70 Securing access or
attempting to secure access
to a protected system
Imprisonment up to ten years, or/and with
fine.
71 Misrepresentation Imprisonment up to three years, or/and
with fine up to Rs. 100,000

9. Investigation Of Malicious
Application
 A- Collection-
Tools –
I. Cameras for photo and video
II. Cardboard boxes
III. Notepads
IV. Gloves
V. Nonmagnetic tools
VI. Antistatic bags
VII. Permanent markers, etc

10. Assess the Situation
 Situation1- The monitor is on. It displays a program,
application, work product, picture, E-mail, or Internet
site on the screen.
 Situation 2-The monitor is on and a screen saver or
picture is visible.
 Situation 3- The monitor is on, however, the display is
blank as if the monitor is off.
 Situation 4a-The monitor is powered off. The display
is blank.
 Situation 4b-The monitor is powered off. The display
is blank.
 Situation 5- The monitor is on. The display is blank.
 If the Computer is OFF
 If the computer is ON

11. Seizure Procedure Of Digital
Mediums
secure
physical
scene
secure
digital
scene
seize all
hardware
and
media
document
, label and
package
to delivery
for lab
at the
lab, all
seized
data is
analyzed
digital media
identification
minimize the
crime scene by
prioritizing the
physical media
seizure of
storage device
and media

12. Securing The Scene
 When securing and evaluating the scene, the first
responder should—
 Follow departmental policy .
 Immediately secure all electronic devices, including
personal or portable devices.
 Ensure that no unauthorized person has access to
any electronic devices at the crime scene.
 Refuse offers of help or technical assistance from
any unauthorized persons.
 Remove all persons from the crime scene or the
immediate area from which evidence is to be
collected.
 Ensure that the condition of any electronic device is
not altered.
 Leave a computer or electronic device off if it is
already turned off.

13. Documenting The Scene
 Documentation of a crime scene creates a
record for the investigation.
 Includes a detailed record using video,
photography, notes & sketches to help
recreate the details.
 Some circumstances may not permit first
responders to collect all electronic devices or
components at a scene or location.

14. Transportation
When transporting digital evidence, the first responder
should—
 Keep digital evidence as If the Computer Is OFF
 Avoid keeping digital evidence in a vehicle for
prolonged periods of time. Heat, cold, and humidity can
damage or destroy digital evidence.
 Ensure that computers and electronic devices are
packaged and secured during transportation to prevent
damage from shock and vibration.
 Document the transportation of the digital evidence
and maintain the chain of custody on all evidence
transported.

15. Data Acquisition(Data Logger)
 It is an information system that collects, stores
and distributes information. All data
acquisition systems consist of three essential
elements-
Sensor
Signal
Conditioning
Analog

16. Data Analysis
 Initially we need to analyze the evidences which we
gathered and examined.
 By the outcomes of those analyses, we will come to
know whether any malicious activities are presented or
not.
 In order to find the malicious code capabilities and its
aim, we have to do the malware executable analysis.
The malware executable analysis can be divided into
Static Analysis and Behavioral Analysis.

17. Reporting
 The report is compilation of all the documentation,
evidence from the examinations, and the analysis.
 The report needs to contain the documentation of
all the systems analyzed, the tools used, and the
discoveries made.
 contain the documentation of all the systems
analyzed, the tools used, and the discoveries
made.
 The report needs to have the dates and times of the
analysis, and detailed results. The report may be
the most important phase of digital forensics

18. Conclusion
 Cyber is indeed getting the recognition it
deserves. However, it is not going to restricted
that easily. In fact, it is highly likely that cyber
crime and its hackers will continue developing
and upgrading to stay ahead of the law.
So, to make us a safer we must need cyber
security.

19. References-
 Dr. R. K. Tiwari, P. K. Sartry and K. V. R.
Kumar/Computer Crimes And Computer
Forensics.
 David W. Hagy/Electronic Crime Scene
Investigation:- A Guide for first Responder.
 Anthony Reyes/Cyber Crime Investigation.
 Marjie T. Britz/ Computer Forensics And
Cyber crime.