Bridging Barriers - Intercultual Communication for International Managers.
This is of help to international managers to adopt and effectively accommodate differences in communication among societies.
Chapter 4 barriers to intercultural communicationCCUCLASSA2017
This Presentation explain about the barriers to intercultural communication. this presentation is created by group 2 in Cross-Cultural Understanding Class, English Education Program, Yogyakarta State University.
The History of the Study of Intercultural Communication
General Understanding of Culture
Attributes and Character of Culture
Directions and Goals of Culture
This is my presentation in JACET 54th International conference. It's just ongoing study but you can easily understand English is not so important and how important cultural study is!
Bridging Barriers - Intercultual Communication for International Managers.
This is of help to international managers to adopt and effectively accommodate differences in communication among societies.
Chapter 4 barriers to intercultural communicationCCUCLASSA2017
This Presentation explain about the barriers to intercultural communication. this presentation is created by group 2 in Cross-Cultural Understanding Class, English Education Program, Yogyakarta State University.
The History of the Study of Intercultural Communication
General Understanding of Culture
Attributes and Character of Culture
Directions and Goals of Culture
This is my presentation in JACET 54th International conference. It's just ongoing study but you can easily understand English is not so important and how important cultural study is!
The Significance of Improving Intercultural Communicative Competence in Educa...YogeshIJTSRD
The article deals with the importance of developing students’ intercultural communicative competence, and its necessity in the intercultural communication. The descriptive analysis method was used to express the effectiveness of intercultural communicative learning. Main goals of intercultural learning and improving cultural competence were described in the paper. Also, the article describes tendencies in the world and education in Uzbekistan, and also both principles and methods of forming professional, communicative competences and in the process of teaching. The article gives information about that effective interethnic communication is impossible without practical skills and much knowledge about different cultures. Furthermore, the author analyzes different approaches and ideas by the researchers in this field. Tadjimova Shaxnoza Rashidovna "The Significance of Improving Intercultural Communicative Competence in Educational Process" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-3 , April 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd41091.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/41091/the-significance-of-improving-intercultural-communicative-competence-in-educational-process/tadjimova-shaxnoza-rashidovna
Cultural diversity and intercultural/crosscultural communication.Peter Stockinger
A general discussion of the following five topics :
1) The notion of“culture”.
2) The notion of“cultural identity”.
3) Challenges of intercultural (or“cross-cultural”) communication.
4) Typical and recurrent obstacles that impede a successful intercultural communication.
5) How to improve intercultural communication: the question of cultural awareness.
This PPT is based on intercultural communication. It includes definition, types, background, view of researchers, major aspects of human interaction communication.
The war principle has placed Japan with highest emphasis on harmony and peace in the social relationships and harmony in the workplace. The Japanese culture loath the ruggedness involved in the in the individualism. They compare the individualism with a nail standing out and getting hammered down. The war system has been putting highest importance being placed on the harmony involved in the working relationships on teams. This has been leading to stressing on the long term perspective, decision making that can be found within a patent and the problem solving consensus (Shepherd 2011, 121–143). There has been avoidance of conflict alongside the loss of face.
The Significance of Improving Intercultural Communicative Competence in Educa...YogeshIJTSRD
The article deals with the importance of developing students’ intercultural communicative competence, and its necessity in the intercultural communication. The descriptive analysis method was used to express the effectiveness of intercultural communicative learning. Main goals of intercultural learning and improving cultural competence were described in the paper. Also, the article describes tendencies in the world and education in Uzbekistan, and also both principles and methods of forming professional, communicative competences and in the process of teaching. The article gives information about that effective interethnic communication is impossible without practical skills and much knowledge about different cultures. Furthermore, the author analyzes different approaches and ideas by the researchers in this field. Tadjimova Shaxnoza Rashidovna "The Significance of Improving Intercultural Communicative Competence in Educational Process" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-3 , April 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd41091.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/41091/the-significance-of-improving-intercultural-communicative-competence-in-educational-process/tadjimova-shaxnoza-rashidovna
Cultural diversity and intercultural/crosscultural communication.Peter Stockinger
A general discussion of the following five topics :
1) The notion of“culture”.
2) The notion of“cultural identity”.
3) Challenges of intercultural (or“cross-cultural”) communication.
4) Typical and recurrent obstacles that impede a successful intercultural communication.
5) How to improve intercultural communication: the question of cultural awareness.
This PPT is based on intercultural communication. It includes definition, types, background, view of researchers, major aspects of human interaction communication.
The war principle has placed Japan with highest emphasis on harmony and peace in the social relationships and harmony in the workplace. The Japanese culture loath the ruggedness involved in the in the individualism. They compare the individualism with a nail standing out and getting hammered down. The war system has been putting highest importance being placed on the harmony involved in the working relationships on teams. This has been leading to stressing on the long term perspective, decision making that can be found within a patent and the problem solving consensus (Shepherd 2011, 121–143). There has been avoidance of conflict alongside the loss of face.
TESOL 2010 Luminary Session
Ulla Connor, PhD
Indiana Center for Intercultural Communication
Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis
Bill Eggington, PhD
Professor and Chair, Linguistics and English Language Department,
Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah
Training on cultural diversity for RAs for the Housing Department at Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland in Corner Brook, Newfoundland and Labrador. By: Patrick Arsenault
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
Let's dive deeper into the world of ODC! Ricardo Alves (OutSystems) will join us to tell all about the new Data Fabric. After that, Sezen de Bruijn (OutSystems) will get into the details on how to best design a sturdy architecture within ODC.
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
Software Delivery At the Speed of AI: Inflectra Invests In AI-Powered QualityInflectra
In this insightful webinar, Inflectra explores how artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming software development and testing. Discover how AI-powered tools are revolutionizing every stage of the software development lifecycle (SDLC), from design and prototyping to testing, deployment, and monitoring.
Learn about:
• The Future of Testing: How AI is shifting testing towards verification, analysis, and higher-level skills, while reducing repetitive tasks.
• Test Automation: How AI-powered test case generation, optimization, and self-healing tests are making testing more efficient and effective.
• Visual Testing: Explore the emerging capabilities of AI in visual testing and how it's set to revolutionize UI verification.
• Inflectra's AI Solutions: See demonstrations of Inflectra's cutting-edge AI tools like the ChatGPT plugin and Azure Open AI platform, designed to streamline your testing process.
Whether you're a developer, tester, or QA professional, this webinar will give you valuable insights into how AI is shaping the future of software delivery.
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
Do you want to learn how to model and simulate an electrical network from scratch in under an hour?
Then welcome to this PowSyBl workshop, hosted by Rte, the French Transmission System Operator (TSO)!
During the webinar, you will discover the PowSyBl ecosystem as well as handle and study an electrical network through an interactive Python notebook.
PowSyBl is an open source project hosted by LF Energy, which offers a comprehensive set of features for electrical grid modelling and simulation. Among other advanced features, PowSyBl provides:
- A fully editable and extendable library for grid component modelling;
- Visualization tools to display your network;
- Grid simulation tools, such as power flows, security analyses (with or without remedial actions) and sensitivity analyses;
The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
- For beginners: discover PowSyBl's functionalities through a quick general presentation and the notebook, without needing any expert coding skills;
- For advanced developers: master the skills to efficiently apply PowSyBl functionalities to your real-world scenarios.
Kubernetes & AI - Beauty and the Beast !?! @KCD Istanbul 2024Tobias Schneck
As AI technology is pushing into IT I was wondering myself, as an “infrastructure container kubernetes guy”, how get this fancy AI technology get managed from an infrastructure operational view? Is it possible to apply our lovely cloud native principals as well? What benefit’s both technologies could bring to each other?
Let me take this questions and provide you a short journey through existing deployment models and use cases for AI software. On practical examples, we discuss what cloud/on-premise strategy we may need for applying it to our own infrastructure to get it to work from an enterprise perspective. I want to give an overview about infrastructure requirements and technologies, what could be beneficial or limiting your AI use cases in an enterprise environment. An interactive Demo will give you some insides, what approaches I got already working for real.
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
JMeter webinar - integration with InfluxDB and GrafanaRTTS
Watch this recorded webinar about real-time monitoring of application performance. See how to integrate Apache JMeter, the open-source leader in performance testing, with InfluxDB, the open-source time-series database, and Grafana, the open-source analytics and visualization application.
In this webinar, we will review the benefits of leveraging InfluxDB and Grafana when executing load tests and demonstrate how these tools are used to visualize performance metrics.
Length: 30 minutes
Session Overview
-------------------------------------------
During this webinar, we will cover the following topics while demonstrating the integrations of JMeter, InfluxDB and Grafana:
- What out-of-the-box solutions are available for real-time monitoring JMeter tests?
- What are the benefits of integrating InfluxDB and Grafana into the load testing stack?
- Which features are provided by Grafana?
- Demonstration of InfluxDB and Grafana using a practice web application
To view the webinar recording, go to:
https://www.rttsweb.com/jmeter-integration-webinar
Unsubscribed: Combat Subscription Fatigue With a Membership Mentality by Head...
Cross Culture Assignmnt
1. 1
What problems of inter-cultural communications are highlighted in
the Kodak case study and what are their implications for the effective
transfer of knowledge in international joint venture?
Introduction: -
This paper intends to reveal the hindrances of inter-cultural communication during the
transfer of international joint venture of Kodak in china. Understanding between
members of different cultures was always important but it is so much essential in the
matter of Ivan communication has primary focus in every international joint venture.
“joint ventures are broadly International defined as joint ventures that involve firms
from different countries cooperating across national and cultural boundaries. (Yen
Aimin Lousy; 2001). So it is quite challenging for the international firms to establish
a successful JV in totally different culture than its own one. Language is the first
barrier in IJV (International joint ventures), in other words we can say the inter-
cultural communications plays major role behind the success and failure of the
IJV.Same like in Kodak case it was the biggest hurdle which faced by the Americans.
Communication problem always caused misunderstanding mistrust between culturally
two different people. The language was the biggest hurdle in transferring the
knowledge in Kodak case. Inter-cultural issue was the challenging task for the
Americans, but they accepted it whole-heartedly and take it as quite interesting and
challenging task.
Inter-Cultural Communication: -
Traditionally, cultural study always focused on differences in values and relations
between different goups. The assumption is that people have different cultures
2. 2
because their values are different, (Rodrigue F 2007) But culture is not
simply the total collection of assumptions, values or arifacts shared by people, it also
consist of set of common assumptions and values that consistently influences people’s
behaviour, and that is passed on from older to younger. (J Stewart, Hall B, 1999; P
34) Trompenaars and Hampden-Turner (1997) define culture as’ the way in which a
group of people solve problems and reconciles dilemmas’. Cited in, (S. Perkins, M,
Shortland 2006 P, 55), In inter-cultural communication we are concerned with the
“characteristics of culturally two different groups, relationship among them, their
encoding and decoding behaviour, the channels by which they rely symbols to one
another, the social and physical context within which they operate and their intentions
in the communicative act”. (L.E Sarbaugh 1988 P 5) So when two different groups
from different cultures lives together, they must have to face some kind of cross
cultural problems, and this situation becomes more challenging when one group are
international assignees like Americans in china.
Americans started their JV in china in 1998 and recruited local people in the
company. So by the combination of two cultural groups it created so many barriers to
transfer the knowledge. The main barrier was the linguistic differences within the
plant, chines were not good in analysing the situation exactly, and it’s because of their
cultural habit. To communicate cheines had to learn English and they enrolled for
English and some kind of training courses. Expatriates followed the procedure to
solve the problems, while chines were simple undertaking. Expatriates and chines had
different kinds of attitudes towards work, and it was because of the fact that they both
were from two different cultures.
3. 3
Cultural problems in Kodak case according to theoretical
Framework
There is considerable literature in the field of inter cultural communication through
which we can be able to relate the inter cultural communication problems regarding to
the theories.
Hall (1990) consider communication in term of high-context and low-context
Cultures. According to his theory the language of high-context culture are direct and
to the point, while the language of low context culture is indirect. Americans are the
example of low-context cultures, they communicate directly and to the point with
communication placing value on straight-line logic, and it is explict. On the other
hand the chines are High-context communicators, they believe on indirect approach
with emphasising on saving face. Means communication is dependent on the person
and the situation where it is taking place Cited By: -. (S.perkins, S.M. shortland, 2006,
P, 61)
In the case study Kodak expatriates were not able to convey meaning directly to the
chines that have indirect approach, because they feel great trouble to deal in a new
situation, they believe more on gestures and body language than verbal
communication. This cultural conflict caused great trouble to transfer knowledge to
them. As Chines do not like that someone criticised them, they believe more on face
saving, but expatriates had direct point of view, so chines had to accept their western
ideas of no value of personal relationship and face. Expatriates always handled the
situation with a smooth procedure and in calm way, but chines consider it over
complicated.
Hofstede’s constructed different scales according to them inter-cultural
communication could be measured. Individualism/Collectivism and power
4. 4
distance. Individualism refers to a loose social framework (people look after
themselves’) while collectivism refers to a tight social framework (people look
after their group and show loyality to it. Cited by:- (S.perkins, S.M shortland
2006, P 56).
Americans are individualistic oriented, they only think for themselves and more use
term “I”, while chines are collectivists, they put great emphasize on group and think
more in term of “we”. In Kodak JV chines preferred to do team work, because of
their collectivist behaviour. Even though Americans are individualistic but still they
decided to do team work and they emphasized on collective performance.
The power distance dimensions have to do with inequality in a society. America is a
small power distance society where power doesn’t play much role, while China is
large power distance society where prestige, wealth and power have great value. As
chines emphasized on face saving that’s why they were not initiative, and didn’t like
to participate in discussion, they never asked any kind of questions during
presentations. There was the reason behind it that china has large power distance
where power has much more importance. Americans were very soft and linear to
them, because of their attitude of small power distance cultural behaviour. It was the
reason behind chines was reluctant to be initiative.
Hofstede focuses on uncertainty at the organisational level looking at the use of rules
and strategies to reduce exposure to an unsure future. China is the country of high
uncertainty avoidance where they emphasised on laws, rules and regulations, while
Americans has low uncertainty avoidance where they intend to take risks. If we look
this dimension in with respect to Kodak case stuy, expatriates established some rules
and regulations regarding to the safty problems. But Americans were so linear toward
them to even in rule and regulation matters.
5. 5
The success of cross-cultural international project depends upon the skills of the team
members, to handle it in effective way. Competence model identify the four
dimensions of this competence, team effectiveness, cultural uncertainty, interpersonal
skills, and cultural empathy (Alexei V. Mated and Paul E. Nelson, 2004). Interpersonal
skill present the flexibility in solving communicative problem with foreigners and
team effectiveness requires people to communicate the team goals, roles with the
other member of the company, but in Kodak case, both of the dimensions couldn’t be
helpful because of the lack of communication of chines towards expatriates. And the
big hurdle behind it was the language. In cultural uncertainty people must have to be
patience while working with cross-cultural team. American expatriates were so
patience and helpful towards chines and they always wanted them to come ahead and
learn things. In cultural empathy members must have the spirit to explore the cultures
and communication patterns among them. In Kodak case study expatriates worked
hard and respect the cultural difference of the chines. But the contribution from chines
was not very much in the beginning, but after passing some time they were interested
in learning the expert’s language.
In a multicultural environment the ability of the person depends on his skill to
complete a task and competence of cross-cultural communication. (Mated & Nelson
2004).
Evaluation: -
From the above theoretical framework we are able to understand that cross-cultural
problems were the obstacle in effective transferring of knowledge in IJV.If we have a
look on case study the main barrier was the lack of communication between them, we
can look it in high power distance context as well. The reason behind it was the
language. Because cultural and linguistic differences create great trouble in
6. 6
understanding technical issues (Keith, warner, 2003 P 290). Majority of the chines
could not communicate in English well. During discussion and representation they
didn’t like to ask questions and get involved in discussion. Chines themselves confess
the fact that sometime expatriates throw the old cables, but they couldn’t ask this to
them because of the lack of the language barrier, and sometime experts wanted to take
advice in technicians matters, but still due to the same obstacle they could not
communicate with them. One expatriate mentioned it that sometime workers hesitate
to come to them even if they have big problem, they wanted them to discuss their
problems with them without any hesitation (Keith, Warner, 2003 P 290)). But they
were interested in learning English; so 700 people got enrolled in English courses out
of 1100.
Cultural difference was one more problem in dealing effectively with chines. In very
little and minor matters of life both are different. We can understand the difference
with this incident, when a group of people were repairing a machine, during their
work dinner time had passed, expatriates didn’t bother it but after some time chines
wanted to eat something, than the expatriate stopped him by saying that he should eat
after the work will be finished. (Keith, Warner, 2003 P 289). This incident reflects the
cultural conflicts between two nations.
One more problem was the lack of understanding; chines were not good in
understanding the situation and analysing it. It was a big hurdle to let them know each
and every thing, the fact was not that they were not intelligent but because of the
different cultures. When members of two cultures come to interact with each other,
their only difference is their respective cultural and linguistic knowledge, and it is
that, that give rise to problems.
7. 7
Chines are collectivists, so it was quite hard for individualists to be a part of such
society without changing it, or force them to act as an individual. That’s why
expatriates had to accept the fact and exist the phenomenon of “eating from big pot”
in the company.
Although expatriates were very polite towards employees but still sometime their was
a little bit difference in their attitude, for example sometime expatriates spoke in
commanding tone, and chines managers listened to them, even if the manager have
higher position than the expatriates. (Keith, Warner, 2003 P 292). So we can say that
the attitude of the expats was very good but still they should have become more polite
to the chines employee.
Conclusion:
Understanding of intercultural communication is very much essential International
joint venture, ain thing, which must be faced in International joint venture, is the
culture. It is difficult to overcome all of the problems of IJV but it can be solved to
make the project successful with full understanding of the knowledge of the local
culture. Americans started their JV in china in 1998. During their project they faced a
lot of inter-cultural communication problems Different kind of literature has given
different theories related to culture and communication. The above theories reflect the
behaviour of different nations according to their cultures. So in the light of these
dimensions we are now able to understand the biggest barriers in the effective transfer
of knowledge to IJV. The main hurdle was the language, because chines and
expatriates were not able to communicate with each other effectively to discuss
different kind of matters. Hines couldn’t even share minor problems to the expatriates.
Further more due to the cross cultures their behaviour were totally different to each
other. Both teams had to sacrifice little bit, fore example, being individualistic,
8. 8
Americans accept their collectivism, and chines have high level context and they
intends on face saving, but they had to sacrifice it in IJV. Expatriates gave them
training to accept the western ideas that put stress on performance not on personal
relationship and face. In the nutshell we can say that language and cultural gap was
the biggest hurdle in useful transfer of international joint venture but still Americans
tried to their extent to solve them.
References: -
Aimin Yan, Yadong Luo. 2001, International joint Ventures
Black, S, Gregersen.H. Mendenhall.M, Stroh.L 1999, Globalizing People Through
International Assignments.
Defraud C, Robert, Lwrance 2006, and Case Studies in US, Trade Negotiation:
Making the rules
L.E Sarbough 1988, Inter Cultural Communication.
Perkins J Stephen, Shortland S., 2006, Strategic International Human Resource
Management, Choices and consequences in multinational people Management.
Robert.E.Yaung 1996 Intercultural Communication, Pragmatics, Genealogy
Deconstruction.
K, S, Michael, H, Prosser 1999, Civic Discourse, Multiculturalism, Cultural Diversity
and Global Communication.
Warner M. Joynt .Pat, 2002. Managing Across Cultures Issue and perspectives
9. 9
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Andrian Holiday John, 2004, International communication
Alexei V.Matveev and Paul E. Nelson (2004) “Cross Cultural Communication
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