It is the beginning point for obtaining evidence which will be used by the crime scene investigator and the forensic expert
A thorough investigation of the crime scene must be completed
Crime scene is basically a scene of occurrence of crime. It is a place where a particular crime has been committed.
It is starting point for the investigator.
It is the beginning point for obtaining evidence which will be used by the crime scene investigator and the forensic expert
A thorough investigation of the crime scene must be completed
Crime scene is basically a scene of occurrence of crime. It is a place where a particular crime has been committed.
It is starting point for the investigator.
IMPORTANCE OF CRIME SCENE: COLLECTION & PRESERVATION OF EVIDENCESifs India
The Crime Scene Investigation plays a very crucial role in the criminal investigation
process. Every scene of crime is delicate in nature. Therefore, suitable processing is the
most primary requisite in the criminal investigation proceedings. The students will be
taught the way to process every crime scene differently.
A complete review of Forensic Science and its various branches.Hamza Mohammad
This is a complete review of Forensic Science and its various branches and the various methodology and techniques used for forensic analysis of various evidences and examination of crime scene.
Automated Fingerprint Identification System (AFIS)Alok Yadav
Automated fingerprint identification is the process of using a computer to match fingerprints against a database of known and unknown prints in the fingerprint identification system.
IMPORTANCE OF CRIME SCENE: COLLECTION & PRESERVATION OF EVIDENCESifs India
The Crime Scene Investigation plays a very crucial role in the criminal investigation
process. Every scene of crime is delicate in nature. Therefore, suitable processing is the
most primary requisite in the criminal investigation proceedings. The students will be
taught the way to process every crime scene differently.
A complete review of Forensic Science and its various branches.Hamza Mohammad
This is a complete review of Forensic Science and its various branches and the various methodology and techniques used for forensic analysis of various evidences and examination of crime scene.
Automated Fingerprint Identification System (AFIS)Alok Yadav
Automated fingerprint identification is the process of using a computer to match fingerprints against a database of known and unknown prints in the fingerprint identification system.
Disaster:-
The Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology defines disaster as "sudden or great calamity". A disaster can be defined as “an unexpected natural or manmade event that may result in personal injury, mass fatalities, property and infrastructural damage. These events can be a result of natural events such as earthquakes and typhoons, accidents (aircraft, rail, maritime, industrial), terrorist activities and conflicts.”
Types of Disaster:-
All disasters can be broadly divided into two categories -Natural and Manrnade disasters. Natural Disasters are not controllable as, indeed, nature is not controllable -such events are often termed as 'acts of God'. The Man-made disasters on the other hand are a rapidly increasing phenomenon in the present day Technological Society and occur as a result of human failure or error or malfunction of some structure or system designed by man. Similarly, while there is sometimes an element of warning in natural disaster. There is generally none in man-made disaster and this lack of warning makes avoidance difficult.
Both types of disasters can cause visible damage to a familiar environment, but some technological disasters do not have this effect like nuclear pollution from an accident like that at Chernobyl may be catastrophic, yet cause no visible damage.
Whilst Natural Disaster is often predictable to some degree, technological disaster is not. Technological catastrophes are never supposed to happen and hence predictability is not an issue. The King's Cross Underground fire in November 1987 killing 31 persons and causing horrendous injuries could not have been foreseen as escalators are not supposed to erupt into flames.
Following are the different types of disasters under the above mentioned categories:-
1. Natural Disasters:- can be of the following types.
a) Famines
b) Floods
c) Storms
d) Droughts, and
e) Epidemics
2. Man-made Disasters:-
a) Air, Rail and Sea disasters
b) Fires
c) Explosions
d) Building collapse disasters
e) Industrial accidents
f) Football Tragedies
g) Holocausts in Civilian Violence, Terrorism and Mass shootings.
h) Mass suicides, e.g. Jonestown suicides.
2. Disaster Victim Identification
Disaster Victim Identification (DVI) refers to a respectful, systematic and orderly process undertaken in response to a multiple fatality incident with the aim of scientifically identifying the deceased casualties of the incident so that they can be returned to their relatives. The process involves matching post-mortem information from a deceased individual with ante‐mortem information of a missing person and through this identifying the deceased individual.
DVI is a multi‐disciplinary activity that relies on a range of comparative scientific and non‐scientific methods to identify human remains.
A DVI operation is typically part of the ‘response phase’ to a multiple fatality event and usually becomes fully operational at the conclusion of the rescue and evacuation part of the operation.
Alexander Pichushkin : “THE CHESSBOARD KILLER” OR “THE BITSA PARK MANIAC”Palash Mehar
Alexander is a process-focused serial killer, which means he killed the victims slowly and received enjoyment from the torture and the slow death of the victims.
Alexander Pichushkin was arrested on June 16, 2006, and sentenced on October 24, 2007, of 49 murders and 3 attempted murders.
He requested that a Russian court add an extra 11 victim to his body count, bringing his guaranteed death toll to 60, and 3 surviving victims.
During his trial, as with Andrei Chikatilo, Pichushkin was housed in a glass cage for his own protection.
Rapid DNA Technology: A Boon to Forensic DNA Typing
The FBI defines Rapid DNA as
“the fully automated (hands free) process of developing a CODIS Core Loci STR profile from a reference sample swab. The swab in - profile out process consists of automated extraction, amplification, separation, detection, and allele calling without human intervention”.
Modified Rapid DNA analysis describes the automated (hands-free) process of developing a CODIS Core STR profile from a known reference sample. This “swab in – profile out” process consists of automated extraction, amplification, separation, and detection without human intervention but requires human interpretation and technical review.
Approval by : Formal approval not required if validated in accordance with the FBI Director’s Quality Assurance Standards
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a systematic and integrative process for considering possible impacts prior to a decision being taken on whether or not a proposal should be given approval to proceed. (Wood 2003)
Nanotechnology Powder
Nanotechnology is the field of science that deals with the study of materials in the nanometer scale. Additionally, the domain can also be defined as the synthesis of matter on an atomic level, with sizes ranging from 1 to 100 nm.
Nanoparticles are much smaller than most of the particles currently used in fingerprint detection, which are in the order of 1–10 mm in size.
Nanoparticles are distinct, non-aggregated particles with nanometre-size diameters, although nano-structured particles, which may be up to microns in diameter, often exist as aggregates of nano-sized particles
The use of nano-particles has recently shown a great potential in producing the next generation of fingerprint development techniques known as nano-fingerprints.
Ninhydrin
The synthesis of ninhydrin (originally described as 1,2,3-triketohydrindene, but also referred to as 1,2,3-indanetrione)
First reported by Professor Siegfried Ruhemann, of the University Chemical Laboratories at Cambridge University, England, in 1910.
The marks developed by ninhydrin can vary in colour from reddish purple to deep purple, being influenced by the composition of the mark and the substrate it is deposited on.
Ninhydrin Analogs
An analog is a chemical compound that has a similar structure and similar chemical properties to those of another compound, but differs from it by a single element or a group.
The dual goals of producing such an analog are to produce a compound that has intense, visible colored development (as good as or superior to ninhydrin) as well as a superior room temperature fluorescence.
Cyanoacrylate Dye Stains:- MRM 10 (Fluorescent Dye)
MRM 10 is a fluorescent dye used to enhance cyanoacrylate developed latent prints on various coloured nonporous surfaces.
A laser or alternate light source is used in conjunction with this process.
A digital imaging instrument manufactured by Foster + Freeman that employs combinations of light sources and filters to examine document evidence under various wavelengths of radiation ranging from ultraviolet to the infrared regions of the electromagnetic spectrum.
VSC is a preferred tool as it supports non destructive examination of documents. VSC uses multiple parameters like IR, UV, and White light providing accurate results.
PCR
PCR is a method widely used in Molecular biology to make many copies of a specific DNA segment.
Using PCR it is possible to generate thousand millions of copies of a particular section of DNA from very small amount of DNA.
PCR was originally developed in 1983 by the American Biochemists Kary Mullis. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1993 for his pioneering work.
Forensic Biology Case Study :- The Colin Pitchfork CasePalash Mehar
On November 21, 1983 and July 31, 1986 Colin Pitchfork raped and murdered two girls in Narborough, Leicestershire. Lynda Mann, who was 15 years old left her home one evening to visit her friend’s house and did not return. The next morning she was found on a deserted footpath known locally as the black pad raped and murdered. Taken from the crime scene, semen found was later tested which shown the person had type A blood.
On July 31, 1986 Dawn Ashworth, 15 years old took a shortcut instead of taking her normal route home, two days later was found in a wooded area near a footpath called ten pound lane raped and murdered. In the same position as Lynda Mann, a semen sample was taken from Dawn and tested. The modus operandi matched that of the first attack, and semen samples revealed the same blood type.
The first criminal caught using DNA fingerprinting (England), using the DNA profiling method published in 1985 by Sir Alec Jeffrey’s.
Richard Buckland became the first person in the world to be exonerated of murder through the use of DNA profiling.
Privacy Enhanced Mail (PEM)-
It is an Internet standard adopted by IAB
(Internet architecture Board) for secure
electronic mail communications over Internet.
Described in four specification documents
which are RFC no. 1421 to 1424.
Security features provided by PEM
Working of PEM:-
Broad steps in PEM are –
1. Canonical conversion
2. Digital signature
3. Encryption
4. Base - 64 - encoding
Case Study:- Jesssica Lal Murder Case (Manu Sharma Vs State(NCT of Delhi)Palash Mehar
Case Study:-
Jesssica Lal Murder Case
(Manu Sharma Vs State(NCT of Delhi)
Introduction:-
Jessica Lal (5 January 1965 – 30 April 1999) was a model in New Delhi who was working as a celebrity barmaid at a crowded socialite party when she was shot dead at around 2 am on 30 April 1999. Dozens of witnesses pointed to Siddharth Vashisht, also known as Manu Sharma, the son of Venod Sharma, a wealthy and influential Congress-nominated Member of Parliament from Haryana, as the murderer.
In the ensuing trial, Manu Sharma and a number of others were acquitted on 21 February 2006.
Following intense media and public pressure, the prosecution appealed and the Delhi High Court conducted proceedings on a fast track with daily hearings conducted over 25 days. The trial court judgment was overturned, and Manu Sharma was found guilty of having murdered Lal. He was sentenced to life imprisonment on 20 Decesmber 2006.
Rehabilitation : Principle and its types Palash Mehar
Rehabilitation-
According to WHO “Rehabilitation or rehab is the combined and coordinated use of the medical, social, educational, and vocational measures for training and re-training the individual to the highest possible level of functional ability”.
Principles of Rehabilitation
Aspects of Rehabilitation
Types of Rehabilitation :-
There are too many types rehab to list here but some common types of therapy include,
Physical therapy
Occupational therapy
Speech/swallow therapy
Cognitive rehabilitation therapy
Vocational rehabilitation
Creation & Verification of Digital Signature using Adobe AcrobatPalash Mehar
Digital Signature-
Creation & Verification of Digital Signature using Adobe Acrobat
Digital Signature Certificate:-A digital certificate or a digital signature certificate(DSC) is a digital record of credentials of an individual or an organization. It verifies the ingenuity of an entity involved in an online transaction.
*Digital Signature Standard:-Digital Signature Standard (DSS) is the digital signature algorithm (DSA) developed by the U.S. National Security Agency (NSA) to generate a digital signature for the authentication of electronic documents. DSS was put forth by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in 1994, and has become the United States government standard for authentication of electronic documents. DSS is specified in Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS).
*Creation of digital signature using Adobe Acrobat
*Verification of digital signature using Adobe Acrobat
Creation & Verification of Digital Signature using DigisignerPalash Mehar
Digital Singatute-
Basics of Digital Signature
Creation & Verification of Digital Signature using Digisigner
Steps of creation of digital signature using Digisigner
Steps of Validation of Digital signature using Digisigner
Working of Digital Signatgure
Attributes of Digital Signature
Digital signature ensures the confidentiality via. The following three attributes,
1 Authentication
2 Integrity
3 Non-repudiation
Controller of Certifying Authority(CCA)
Sections related to digital signature
Digisigner 4.0
Email Recovery
Email Recovery is needed when user gets their email files corrupt, deleted and in un used form.
Every email client application when found some of their email files corrupt then they shows the corruption error to user so that they can start to repair them using any recovery solution and access it again after recovery.
About Email recovery software :-
Microsoft Outlook and Outlook Express store email , contacts, notes, journals, tasks and calendar.
Sometimes email messages get deleted and that is panic too much. To retrieve this deleted emails, Email Recovery software is used.
Intelligence test used in the forensic psychology.
There are different tests are used to measure the intelligence or IQ of a person. Such as,
Ravens Progressive Matrices
Bhatia Battery of Intelligence
Culture Fair test
Wechsler scale
Alexander Pass a long test
etc.
Hello everyone! I am thrilled to present my latest portfolio on LinkedIn, marking the culmination of my architectural journey thus far. Over the span of five years, I've been fortunate to acquire a wealth of knowledge under the guidance of esteemed professors and industry mentors. From rigorous academic pursuits to practical engagements, each experience has contributed to my growth and refinement as an architecture student. This portfolio not only showcases my projects but also underscores my attention to detail and to innovative architecture as a profession.
Connect Conference 2022: Passive House - Economic and Environmental Solution...TE Studio
Passive House: The Economic and Environmental Solution for Sustainable Real Estate. Lecture by Tim Eian of TE Studio Passive House Design in November 2022 in Minneapolis.
- The Built Environment
- Let's imagine the perfect building
- The Passive House standard
- Why Passive House targets
- Clean Energy Plans?!
- How does Passive House compare and fit in?
- The business case for Passive House real estate
- Tools to quantify the value of Passive House
- What can I do?
- Resources
PDF SubmissionDigital Marketing Institute in NoidaPoojaSaini954651
https://www.safalta.com/online-digital-marketing/advance-digital-marketing-training-in-noidaTop Digital Marketing Institute in Noida: Boost Your Career Fast
[3:29 am, 30/05/2024] +91 83818 43552: Safalta Digital Marketing Institute in Noida also provides advanced classes for individuals seeking to develop their expertise and skills in this field. These classes, led by industry experts with vast experience, focus on specific aspects of digital marketing such as advanced SEO strategies, sophisticated content creation techniques, and data-driven analytics.
Book Formatting: Quality Control Checks for DesignersConfidence Ago
This presentation was made to help designers who work in publishing houses or format books for printing ensure quality.
Quality control is vital to every industry. This is why every department in a company need create a method they use in ensuring quality. This, perhaps, will not only improve the quality of products and bring errors to the barest minimum, but take it to a near perfect finish.
It is beyond a moot point that a good book will somewhat be judged by its cover, but the content of the book remains king. No matter how beautiful the cover, if the quality of writing or presentation is off, that will be a reason for readers not to come back to the book or recommend it.
So, this presentation points designers to some important things that may be missed by an editor that they could eventually discover and call the attention of the editor.
Maximize Your Content with Beautiful Assets : Content & Asset for Landing Page pmgdscunsri
Figma is a cloud-based design tool widely used by designers for prototyping, UI/UX design, and real-time collaboration. With features such as precision pen tools, grid system, and reusable components, Figma makes it easy for teams to work together on design projects. Its flexibility and accessibility make Figma a top choice in the digital age.
Visual Style and Aesthetics: Basics of Visual Design
Visual Design for Enterprise Applications
Range of Visual Styles.
Mobile Interfaces:
Challenges and Opportunities of Mobile Design
Approach to Mobile Design
Patterns
Between Filth and Fortune- Urban Cattle Foraging Realities by Devi S Nair, An...Mansi Shah
This study examines cattle rearing in urban and rural settings, focusing on milk production and consumption. By exploring a case in Ahmedabad, it highlights the challenges and processes in dairy farming across different environments, emphasising the need for sustainable practices and the essential role of milk in daily consumption.
Storytelling For The Web: Integrate Storytelling in your Design ProcessChiara Aliotta
In this slides I explain how I have used storytelling techniques to elevate websites and brands and create memorable user experiences. You can discover practical tips as I showcase the elements of good storytelling and its applied to some examples of diverse brands/projects..
Storytelling For The Web: Integrate Storytelling in your Design Process
Crime Scene Documentation_Sketching
1. Presentation on topic,Presentation on topic,
“Crime Scene Sketching”
Presented By,
Palash A. Mehar
M.Sc. (Forensic Science) Part-I
Govt. Institute Of Forensic Science, Nagpur
2. SketchingSketching
Sketches are handy in depicting a scene of occurrence. In combination
with the photographs, the sketches provide an ideal representation of the scene.
They indicate inter-distances between relevant objects.
Types Of Sketches
Rough Sketch Finished Sketch
They indicate inter-distances between relevant objects.
They indicate relevant evidence only.
3. Rough SketchRough Sketch
A draft representation
of all essential
information andinformation and
measurements at a
crime scene. This
sketch is drawn at the
crime scene.
4. Finished SketchFinished Sketch
A precise rendering
of the crime scene,
usually drawn to
scale.scale.
Finished sketch
must reflect
information
contained within the
rough sketch in
order to be
admissible evidence
in a courtroom.
5.
6. Perspectives:Perspectives:--
There are two basic types of perspectives that are used for crime
scene sketches,
1) The overhead or ‘bird’s eye view’:-1) The overhead or ‘bird’s eye view’:-
A crime scene sketch is usually drawn from a looking-down or
overhead perspective. This type of perspective is most common type
and is most recognizable by other investigators and juries.
2) The elevation or ‘side-view’
Where appropriate or when the crime scene presents evidence at
various heights in a crime scene, a side view or elevation sketch can
be used.
7. Purpose of Sketching:Purpose of Sketching:--
These are helpful for the following,
Refresh the memory of the investigating officer as well as witnesses.
Illustrate the exact location and relationship between physical evidence and
surroundings.
Provide the permanent record of : Provide the permanent record of :
Topography of the site
Vehicle’s path in road accident.
Position and distance of skid mark.
Movement of the culprit.
Distance involved in the large areas.
Put the crime scene before prosecutor, judge and jusry in a understandable manner.
Verify and correlate testimony of witnesses.
Eliminate unnecessary and confusing details.
9. Triangulation
Measurement
Method
Two fixed points are selected.
Measure the distance between them.
Measure the distance to objects in the scene
from each of these two points.
A & B are fixed points and X & Y are objects
in the scene.
Base Line
Coordinates
Measurement
Method
Two fixed points are selected, the objects are
measured along the line between the points and
at right angles to the line. Walls or tape
measures along the ground work well A & B
make the fixed line and X & Y are objects in the
scene.
10. Polar Coordinates
Measurement
Method
It is used for large outdoor scenes. Here instead
of drawing co-ordinates, the distances and
directions of the evidentiary objects are noted
with reference to a central (focal) point. The
Position are recorded on the sketches
accordingly.
Cross
projection
Method
When the physical evidence is found on roof, walls, windows, etc.
Then distances and height both are required to be measured.
All four walls, and the roof fold out and extended flat on the floor,
the walls, roof, doors and windows are shown in sketch.
All measurement with respect to the evidence found on walls,
windows, doors or roof are taken from each corner of the floor,
wall and roof fig. This is also called as extended coordinate
method.