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Similar to cranial nerve 5.pptx
cranial nerve 5.pptx
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- 4. • It hastwo roots • Sensory root from mid pone on lateral side • motor root come inferior to sensory root,and pass through foramen ovale
- 5. Trigeminal divisions,ganglion,roots aswe go towards CNS.there in cns nuclei,then laminci
- 6. • The sensorytrigeminal nerve nuclei are the largest of the cranial nerve nuclei, and extend through the whole of the midbrain, pons and medulla, and into the high cervical spinal cord • It is divided into three parts • 1,The mesencephalic nucleus(as it is in mid brain) • 2,The chief sensory nucleus (or "pontine nucleus" or "main sensory nucleus" or "primary nucleus" or "principal nucleus") • 3,The spinal trigeminal nucleus(in medula)
- 7. • Spinal tractof trigeminal system. • All fibers(trigeminal laminesci) from the nuclei go upwards into ventropostromedial nucleus of thallamus(trigemino- thallamic tract) • From here fibers move up via posterior limb of internal capsule to the post central gyrus(somatosensory cortex)
- 11. • Fibers ofproprioception mainly from Muscles Of Mastication from mandibular nerve goes to mesencephalic nucleus • Fine touch Fibers from face and mucosa of nose and palate etc from Principle pontine nucleus • Pain and temp fibers are mainly connected to spinal nucleus
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- 15. • Sensory nervefibers for proprioception and fine touch are heavly mylinated, while fibers for temp are less mylinated and for pain are least mylinated. • Fibers inside CNS are supported by schwan cell and outside CNS are supported by oligodendrocytes,but for 7mm out side of pone same oligodendrocytes do support the fibers out side CNS • Those diseases which destroy central mylination system can damage the sensory root of trigeminal nerve as well e.g multiple sclerosis
- 16. It Moves fromposterior cranial fossa into middle cranial fossa exits from anterolateral surface of pons as large sensory root and small motor root.
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- 21. 3. Nasociliary 1. FrontalN. a) Supraorbital N. b) Supratrochlear N. Forehead, Upper Eyelid 2. Lacrimal N. Upper eyelid 3. Nasociliary N. a) Ant. and Post. Ethmoidal N. Nasal Cavity Ethmoid Sinus , Tip of Nose b) Long Ciliary N. Sensory to Cornea,sympathetic fiber to dilator pupilae c) Infratrochlear N. Upper eyelid, Nose V1 - OPHTHALMIC - ALL GSA 1. Frontal 2. Lacrimal V1 Supra- trochlear N. Infra- trochlear N. Supra- orbital N. Long Ciliary Nn. Ant. and Post. Ethmoidal N.
- 23. The frontal nerveruns forward on the upper surface of the levator palpebrae superioris muscle and divides into the supraorbital and supratrochlear nerves . These nerves leave the orbital cavity and supply the frontal air sinus and the skin of the forehead and the scalp. The lacrimal nerve runs forward on the upper border of the lateral rectus muscle . It is joined by the zygomaticotemporal branch of the maxillary nerve, which contains the parasympathetic secretomotor fibers to the lacrimal gland. The lacrimal nerve then enters the lacrimal gland and gives branches to the conjunctiva and the skin of the upper eyelid. The nasociliary nerve crosses the optic nerve, runs forward on the upper border of the medial rectus muscle and continues as the anterior ethmoid nerve through the anterior ethmoidal foramen to enter the cranial cavity. It then descends through a slit at the side of the crista galli to enter the nasal cavity. It gives off two internal nasal branches and it then supplies the skin of the tip of the nose with the external nasal nerve. Its branches include the following: ■■ Sensory fibers to the ciliary ganglion ■■ Long ciliary nerves that contain sympathetic fibers to the dilator pupillae muscle and sensory fibers to the cornea ■■ Infratrochlear nerve that supplies the skin of the eyelids ■■ Posterior ethmoidal nerve that is sensory to the ethmoid and sphenoid sinuses
- 25. TRIGEMINAL – SENSORYBRANCHES TO FACE V1 – OPHTHALMIC - to skin above orbit - a. Lacrimal b. Supraorbital c. Supratrochlear d. Infratrochlear e. External Nasal Nerve (branch of Ant. Ethmoidal N.) V2 – MAXILLARY - to skin of cheek below orbit - Zygomaticotemporal Zygomaticofacial Infraorbital V3- MANDIBULAR - to skin of jaw and face below angle of mouth - Auriculotemporal Buccal Mental LACRIMAL N. SUPRAORBITAL N. SUPRATROCHLEAR N. INFRATROCHLEAR N. EXTERNAL NASAL N.
- 26. Maxillary Nerve (V2)The maxillary nerve arises from the trigeminal ganglion in the middle cranial fossa. It passes forward in the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus and leaves the skull through the foramen rotundum and crosses the pterygopalatine fossa to enter the orbit through the inferior orbital fissure . It then continues as the infraorbital nerve in the infraorbital groove, and it emerges on the face through the infraorbital foramen. It gives sensory fibers to the skin of the face and the side of the nose
- 28. Branches ■■ Meningeal branches(supply middle cranial fossa meninges) ■■ Zygomatic branch(via inferior orbital fissure) which divides into the zygomaticotemporal and the zygomaticofacial nerves that supply the skin of the face. The zygomaticotemporal branch gives parasympathetic secretomotor fibers to the lacrimal gland via the lacrimal nerve. ■■ Ganglionic branches, which are two short nerves that suspend the pterygopalatine ganglion in the pterygopalatine fossa . They contain sensory fibers that have passed through the ganglion from the nose, the palate, and the pharynx. They also contain postganglionic parasympathetic fibers that are going to the lacrimal gland.
- 29. ■■ Posterior superioralveolar nerve , which supplies the maxillary sinus as well as the upper molar teeth and adjoining parts of the gum and the cheek ■■ Middle superior alveolar nerve, which supplies the maxillary sinus as well as the upper premolar teeth, the gums, and the cheek ■■ Anterior superior alveolar nerve , which supplies the maxillary sinus as well as the upper canine and the incisor teeth
- 30. Pterygomaxillary Fissure V2 - Maxillaryenters Pterygopalatine Fossa V2 - MAXILLARY - GSA note: Pterygomaxillary fissure is slit between lateral pterygoid plate and maxillary bone; Pterygopalatine fossa is space medial to slit MAXILLARY BONE LATERAL PTERYGOID PLATE NOSE
- 32. Pterygopalatine Ganglion:The pterygopalatine ganglionis a parasympathetic ganglion, which is suspended from the maxillary nerve in the pterygopalatine fossa . It is secretomotor to the lacrimal and nasal glands . Branches ■■ Orbital branches, which enter the orbit through the inferior orbital fissure ■■ Greater and lesser palatine nerves , which supply the palate, the tonsil, and the nasal cavity ■■ Pharyngeal branch, which supplies the roof of the nasopharynx.
- 33. 1. Meningeal Branch Duraof Middle Cranial Fossa (not shown) 2. Ganglionic branches a) Greater Palatine N. Hard Palate b) Lesser Palatine N. Soft Palate c) Nasopalatine Nasal Cavity Ant. part of hard Palate d) Nasal Branches Nasal Cavity V2 Nasal Branches Naso- Palatine Greater Palatine Lesser Palatine V2 - MAXILLARY - GSA Note: V2 branches from Pterygopalatine Fossa to Nasal Cavity are deep and can only be seen on bisected head
- 34. Zygomatic Infraorbital 3. Posterior Superior Alveolar Maxillarymolar teeth 4. Infraorbital Lower eyelid, nose, upper lip a) Ant. & Mid Sup Alveolar Other Maxillary teeth 5. Zygomatic - br. a) Zygomaticofacial b) Zygomaticotemporal Skin of check, temporal region Post Sup. Alveolar V2 - MAXILLARY - GSA Nose V2
- 35. TRIGEMINAL – SENSORYBRANCHES TO FACE V1 – OPHTHALMIC - to skin above orbit - Lacrimal Supraorbital Supratrochlear Infratrochlear External Nasal Nerve V2 – MAXILLARY - to skin of cheek below orbit - a. Zygomatico- temporal b. Zygomaticofacial c. Infraorbital V3- MANDIBULAR - to skin of jaw and face below angle of mouth - Auriculotemporal Buccal Mental INFRAORBITAL N. ZYGOMATICOTEMPORAL N. ZYGOMATICOFACIAL N.
- 36. V1 – OPHTHALMIC- Sup. Orbital fissure – GSA V2 - MAXILLARY - Foramen rotundum – GSA V3 – MANDIBULAR - Foramen ovale – GSA & SVE TRIGEMINAL NERVE - V V1 V2 V3
- 38. TRIGEMINAL NERVE SVE- FIRST BRANCHIAL ARCH MUSCLES
- 39. Mandibular Nerve (V3)The mandibular nerve is both motor and sensory . The sensory root leaves the trigeminal ganglion and passes out of the skull through the foramen ovale to enter the infratemporal fossa. The motor root of the trigeminal nerve also leaves the skull through the foramen ovale and joins the sensory root to form the trunk of the mandibular nerve, and then divides into a small anterior and a large posterior division
- 40. • Branches fromthe Main Trunk of the Mandibular Nerve • ■■ Meningeal branch ■■ Nerve to the medial pterygoid muscle, which supplies not only the medial pterygoid, but also the tensor veli palatini muscle.
- 44. • Branches fromthe Anterior Division of the Mandibular Nerve • ■■ Masseteric nerve to the masseter muscle • ■■ Deep temporal nerves to the temporalis muscle • ■■ Nerve to the lateral pterygoid muscle • Buccal nerve to the skin and the mucous membrane of the cheek . The buccal nerve does not supply the buccinator muscle (which is supplied by the facial nerve), and it is the only sensory branch of the anterior division of the mandibular nerve.
- 47. Branches from thePosterior Division of the Mandibular Nerve ■■ Auriculotemporal nerve, which supplies the skin of the auricle , the external auditory meatus, the temporomandibular joint, and the scalp. This nerve also conveys postganglionic parasympathetic secretomotor fibers from the otic ganglion to the parotid salivary gland. ■■ Lingual nerve, which descends in front of the inferior alveolar nerve and enters the mouth . It then runs forward on the side of the tongue and crosses the submandibular duct. In its course, it is joined by the chorda tympani nerve , and it supplies the mucous membrane of the anterior two thirds of the tongue and the floor of the mouth. It also gives off preganglionic parasympathetic secretomotor fibers to the submandibular ganglion.
- 48. • Inferior alveolarnerve , which enters the mandibular canal to supply the teeth of the lower jaw and emerges through the mental foramen (mental nerve) to supply the skin of the chin. Before entering the canal, it gives off the mylohyoid nerve, which supplies the mylohyoid muscle&anterior belly of the digastric muscle. • ■■ Communicating branch, which frequently runs from the inferior alveolar nerve to the lingual nerve The branches of the posterior division of the mandibular nerve are sensory (except the nerve to the mylohyoid muscle).
- 49. Deep Temporal 1. Nervus Spinosus Duraof Middle Cranial Fossa (not shown) 2. Motor to Medial Pterygoid Tensor Tympani Tensor Palati (not shown) 3. Ant Division a. Nerve to Lat. Pterygoids b. Masseteric N. c. Deep Temporal To Temporalis d. Buccal Branch Of Trigeminal Sensory to Cheek N. To Lat Pterygoid V3 - MANDIBULAR - GSA + SVE Buccal Branch Of Trigeminal
- 50. Auriculo- Temporal Post Division a. Auriculotemporal Skinof Temple, Scalp External ear, TMJ b. Lingual Touch to Ant 2/3 Tongue c. Inf. Alveolar N. Sens to Lower Teeth i) Mental N. Skin Lower Jaw ii) Nerve to Mylohyoid - Motor to Mylohyoid & Ant. Belly of Digastric Inferior Alveolar Lingual V3 - MANDIBULAR - GSA + SVE MENTAL N. N. TO MYLOHYOID
- 51. TRIGEMINAL – SENSORYBRANCHES TO FACE V1 – OPHTHALMIC - to skin above orbit - Lacrimal Supraorbital Supratrochlear Infratrochlear External Nasal Nerve V2 – MAXILLARY - to skin of cheek below orbit - Zygomaticotemporal Zygomaticofacial Infraorbital V3- MANDIBULAR - to skin of jaw and face below angle of mouth - a. Auriculotemporal b. Buccal c. Mental AURICULOTEMPORAL N. BUCCAL N. MENTAL N.
- 53. The pterygoid canal(also vidian canal) is a passage in the skull leading from just anterior to the foramen lacerum in the middle cranial fossa to the pterygopalatine fossa. ... It transmits the nerve of pterygoid canal, artery of the pterygoid canal and vein of the pterygoid canal.