Contracted pelvis, or cephalopelvic disproportion (CPD), occurs when the baby's head is too large to pass through the mother's pelvis during birth. CPD can be caused by a large baby, a small pelvis, or abnormal fetal positioning. A contracted pelvis may result from developmental factors, malnutrition, trauma, or diseases affecting bone development like rickets. Complications of CPD include prolonged labor, obstructed labor, rupture of the uterus, maternal and fetal injury, and increased risk of c-section. Management depends on the degree of disproportion, with c-section recommended for severe or extreme disproportion.