This document discusses various constructability approaches and technologies used in buildings. It defines constructability as reviewing construction processes during design to reduce errors and costs. Barriers to improving constructability include lack of communication between designers and builders. New materials and technologies discussed include drywall construction, aluminum formwork, autoclaved aerated concrete blocks, PU sealants for waterproofing, and using expansive mortars for hard rock excavation. The document provides details on the application and benefits of these various approaches and technologies.

1. CONSTRUCTABILITY APPROACHES
ANDTECHNOLOGIES IN BUILDINGS
PRESENTED BY
VIJAYVANNAN AP14004
THANIGAIVEL AP14011
VAIBHAV ARORA AP14013
PRITHIV NANDAN AP14027
DURAI SARAVANAN AP14037
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RESEARCH, PUNE
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2. • Constructability is a project management technique to
review construction processes from start to finish during
the pre-construction phase.
• It is to identify the obstacles before a project is actually
built to reduce or prevent errors, delays and cost overruns.
• Technology is comprised of the products and processes
created by engineers to meet our needs and wants.
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3. Barriers in improving constructability
• Reluctance to invest additional money and effort in the early
stages of a project.
• Lack of construction experience in the design firm.
• Lack of mutual understanding between constructers and
designers.
• Site responsibilities are not clear and co-ordinated.
• Client differences are not resolved immediately.
• The construction schedule and budget are not tied to scope.
• The firms accepts the project with uncompensated risks.
• The construction budget and schedule is inflexible.
• There is a high volume of change orders.NATIONAL INSTITUTEOFCONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT &
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4. • The client has a high public profile which generates public
attention, putting pressure on design decision-making
processes.
• Many constructability issues occur with design-bid-build
projects as a lack of communication between the project owner,
architect or designer and the construction company before
construction commences.
Solutions :
• Performing constructability reviews during the design process
phase.
• Another approach is to identify the likely tendering construction
companies and ask them to each provide an experienced
construction engineer or manager to form a team to help the
designers and develop a buildable solution from the outset.
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5. Technology impacts in buildings
• Use of technology in materials results in high productivity,
less harm to environment, cost and time saving.
• New advanced materials offer opportunities to change the
way in which we construct and retrofit buildings.
• They give added value in terms of increased performance
and functionality.
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6. Dry wall
• Drywall is a panel made of gypsum plaster pressed
between two sheets of paper.
• It is used to make interior walls.
• Drywall construction is now widely used as a speedier
alternative to traditional method.
• It reduces the weight of the building.
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7. Advantages of dry wall
• Transition from brick wall to drywall saves time.
• Normal brickwork requires 3 days whereas Drywall requires only half day of work.
• Drywall reduces the weight of the building.
• Different types of drywalls are there for different purposes.
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8. Types of dry wall
• Moisture resistant
• Foiled back
• Fire resistant
• Sound Proof
• Aqua Panel
• Cement board
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9. Procedure for erection of dry wall
• Demarcation line should be laid first using total station
and RL
• Bottom tracks are laid and fixed and the top track is then
fixed
• Vertical Studs are placed and fixed at the bottom and is
left unfixed at the top with a gap of 20mm
• Then the gypsum boards are fixed with the help of screws
and the primer is applied and then the wall is ready for
painting
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11. Aluminium formwork• Using this unique formwork, all walls, floor slabs, columns, beams, stairs,
balconies, together with door and window openings are cast in place in a
single site based operation.
• The resulting building structure is very strong, accurate in dimensions and
tolerances, with a high quality of finished concrete surface.
• It is fast, adaptable and very cost effective.
• It is a lightweight panel with an excellent stiffness to weight ratio, yielding
minimal deflections under concrete loading.
• It can be reused over 250 times.
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12. • REPETITIONS: A large number of repetitions (reuse) of
modular formwork is possible.
• MAKING INVOLVED AT SITE: Very less making at site,
only assembly of standard components require.
• COST: Cost of formwork being considerably on a lower
side.
• PLANNING REQUIREMENT: The standardization offers
ease in planning.
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13. • EXPERTISE REQUIRED AT SITE: The work can be accomplished even by
the less skilled worker.
• QUALITY OF CONCRETE SURFACE: The quality of concrete surface
obtained is extremely good.
• PRODUCTIVITY: Very high productivity.
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14. AUTOCLAVED AERATED CONCRETE
BLOCKS (AAC)
• AAC blocks is one of the most sustainable building materials today.
• The unique product flexibility and characteristics allow for high-speed
and energy efficient construction methods.
• BLOCK SIZE: 625x240x200 mm.
• DENSITY: 500 to 700kg/m3.
• COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH: 3 to 9 MPA.
• FIRE RESISTANCE: These blocks are 2 hrs. fire rated.
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15. • QUALITY: Uniform Quality due to mass production in the
factory.
• COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH: AAC block has 30-35 Kg/cm2
whereas Brickwork has 20-25 Kg/cm2.
• CONSTRUCTION TIME: Speedy construction due to its
big size.
• ENERGY SAVING: 30 % (approx.) i.e. Air-conditioning
Load both heating and cooling will come down.
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16. • CEMENT CONSUMPTION: Less consumption of Mortar
due to flat surfaces.
• Column & Beam size reduced and so less Concrete
Required.
• SIZES AVAILABLE: Available in sizes of 3", 4", 5", 6" 8",9“.
• CARPET AREA: More Carpet area is available in same
built-up area due to less widths of walling less.
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17. PU Sealants(Water Proofing)
• It is an elastomeric material that allows for 25% to 50%
movement.
• It can be easily painted over.
• It does not easily shrinks.
• It does not get easily damaged by abrasion, it means it
can be used for flooring.
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18. • Due to sway in high-rise building, we need a material
which can be elongated up to 550X whereas in
conventional we do not have this advantage.
• Hardness to sustain impact 75%.
• Tensile Strength more than 1Mpa whereas in conventional
system this advantage is not present.
• LowVOC (Volatile Organic Compound).
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19. Procedure followed are
• Surface cleaning
• Surface preparation - Grinding
• Crack Filling
• LMPU Sealant is filled on the edges 15mm x15mm
(Requirement: 21 mm hypotenuse).
• Application of primer
• Application of Silicor ®560 (2 layers)
• Rectification of Pin – Holes and Air Bubbles.
• Water Ponding
• Screeding.
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20. Belt wall
• Differential settlement of column
• With the use of belt walls, we can reduce the space for columns and gain
effective floors in the tower.
• In Oberoi Worli project they have been used in Floor 60 and Floor 33.
• To improve building overturning stiffness and strength by connecting the
buildings core or spine to distant column.
• To reduce the depth of foundation.
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23. Hard rock excavation
• In Pashmina Waterfront project, Bengaluru, the soil strata was
hard rock and so excavation using controlled blasting was
needed.
• But since it is a residential area blasting technique could not be
followed
• So a special expansive mortar chemical was used for excavation
• This non-explosive demolition agent is easy to use, cost effective
and a safer option for silently breaking up hard materials
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24. • It is basically a cracking agent which when mixed with
water, it expands.
• It controls noise pollution and reduces the labor and
equipment breakage risks and cost
• It helps in improving the site logistics and minimizes the
dust and toxic pollution in the site.
• It is a best alternative to explosive blasting, jack
hammering, concrete saws and stone cutters - particularly
on sites with noise restrictions, vibration issues, safety
risks, confined spaces
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25. • Excavation can be done for any definite depth. In blasting
technique the depth to which the rocks will crack cannot
be certain.
• Drilling is done according to the shape and pattern in
which the crack is anticipated.
• The cracking agent is mixed with water and poured into
the drill holes and left for 24 hours.
• The cracking agent uses pressure to overcome the tensile
strength of the rock.
• After that the rocks are broken and disposed.
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