Cosmic rays are high-speed protons and electrons that originate in outer space and travel near the speed of light. Victor Hess discovered in 1911-1913 that radiation levels increased with altitude, showing the radiation originated above the atmosphere and was called cosmic radiation. Cosmic rays are classified as primary cosmic rays that originate outside Earth's atmosphere or secondary cosmic rays produced when primary cosmic rays interact with Earth's atmosphere. Cosmic rays can damage electronics and pose health risks for space travel and high-altitude regions due to their high energy levels.

1. COSMIC RAYS
PREPARED BY
TOSIF AHMAD
M.SC PHYSICS
SECOND YEAR
PRESENTATION ON

2. WE WILL DISCUSS
• WHAT ARE COSMIC
RAYS
• DISCOVERY OF
COSMIC RAYS
• TYPES OF COSMIC
RAYS
• EFFECT OF COSMIC
RAYS

3. • Charged particles
(protons, electrons,
and other atomic
nuclei) coming from
outer space.
• Traveling at near the
speed of light,
186,000 miles per
second, or 300,000 km
per second.
What are Cosmic Rays?

4. What are Cosmic Rays?
High speed protons and
electrons, primary
particles, strike Earth’s
upper atmosphere.
Nuclear collisions
produce a shower of
secondary particles,
called muons.
It is mainly these muons
that are observed on
Earth’s surface.

5. .
.
Discovery of Cosmic Rays
• From 1911 to 1913
Victor Hess measured
radiation levels at
various altitudes (up to
17,500 ft) in the Earth’s
atmosphere.
• Radiation levels
increased with altitude!
• This radiation was
called “Cosmic
Radiation” later became
“Cosmic Rays”.
• Won Nobel Prize in
1936.

6. TYPES OF COSMIC RAYS
• 1) PRIMARY COSMIC RAYS
• 2) SECONDARY COSMIC RAYS
( COSMIC SHOWER )

8. EFFECT OF COSMIC RAYS
• COSMIC RAYS HAVE ALSO RISKS FOR THE
MANNED SPACE FLIGHT BETWEEN PLANETS
• COSMIC RAYS PENETRATE INTO THE EARTH
FROM ANY DIRECTION OF SPACE
• COSMIC RAYS HAVE SUCH AGREAT ENERGY
THAT THEY MIGHT DAMAGE THE OBJECT
THEY CAN CHANGE THE SITUATION OF
ELECTRICAL INTRIGATED CIRCUITS.

9. EFFECT OF COSMIC RAYS
• THEY CAUSE ERROR IN
MEMORY CARDS AND
THEY DAMAGE MICRO
ELECTRONIC CHIPS
AND CIRCUITS
• THEY PERTICULARLY
DETERIORATE THE
LIVES OF THE PEOPLE
LIVING ATHIGH
ALTITUDES

10. THANK
YOU