Corrosive ingestion
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This document contains information about two different patients. The first is a 33-year-old female presenting with secondary infertility who had a spontaneous abortion 3 years ago. Potential findings on exam include endometrial polyp, submucosal fibroid, air in the endometrial cavity, gestational sac or retained products of conception, or retained blood clot. The second patient is a 35-year-old male presenting with dysphagia for both solid and liquid foods for 25 days following corrosive ingestion 1 month ago. Corrosive ingestion can cause deep coagulation necrosis from alkaline agents but more superficial damage from acids. Initial symptoms are chest pain and dysphagia. Radiographic
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Corrosive ingestion
This document discusses the management of caustic ingestion injuries. It notes that the severity of injuries depends on factors like amount, concentration and contact time of the ingested substance. Gastrointestinal endoscopy within 24 hours is recommended to assess injury grade unless contraindicated. Long term complications include esophageal strictures and cancer, so endoscopic cancer screening is advised 15-20 years later. Surgery is indicated if perforation signs appear.
Toxico for extern
A 5-year-old boy ingested approximately 5 mouthfuls of shampoo 30 minutes prior to arriving at the hospital. Upon arrival, he reported slight tongue numbness but felt well otherwise with no vomiting, dyspnea, or abdominal pain. Shampoo contains surfactants like nonionic surfactants which are condensation products of fatty alcohols and ethylene oxide that can cause minor oral irritation but are generally considered low toxicity at normal usage amounts.
Caustic strictures of the esophagus
This document discusses corrosive ingestion, which is a major health hazard especially for young children. Common caustic agents involved include sodium hydroxide and drain cleaners. Ingestion can cause severe and sometimes lifelong damage to the esophagus. Treatment depends on the severity of injury but may include endoscopy, dilation, steroids, or surgery. Prevention through education and safe storage of chemicals is important to reduce risk of this devastating condition.
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This document discusses corrosive injuries to the upper gastrointestinal tract, focusing on the pathology, imaging features, and management of strictures. It provides an overview of the acute effects of corrosive ingestion and subsequent development of strictures. Various imaging modalities are described for evaluating the length, number, and severity of esophageal and gastric strictures, including barium studies, CT, EUS, and MRI. Imaging plays an important role in guiding long-term management of strictures caused by corrosive injuries.
Corrosive esophagitis
Corrosive ingestions can cause severe damage to the esophagus and stomach. The severity depends on the properties of the ingested agent, amount, concentration, and duration of contact. Endoscopy within 24 hours is recommended for most patients to assess injury, except those with signs of perforation or respiratory distress. Patients with moderate to severe injury require intensive care monitoring for complications like perforation. Gentle endoscopic dilation is used to treat stricture, while surgery is reserved for emergency situations or after fibrotic changes occur. There is debate around prophylactic antibiotic and steroid use.
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The document summarizes information about caustic esophageal burns, including common caustic agents, locations of injury, pathogenesis, classification, clinical presentation, complications, diagnosis, and management. Some key points:
- Alkaline agents like cleaning products and batteries commonly cause burns, rapidly penetrating tissue and causing liquefaction necrosis.
- The esophagus is most often involved, with over 75% of injuries located there.
- Endoscopy within 24 hours assesses injury extent and complications like perforation. Strictures often develop and require dilation.
- Early management focuses on airway control, gastric emptying, and ruling out perforation. Late management includes dilation, stenting, or esophageal replacement for severe cases
Corrosive esophageal injury
This document describes the case of a 30-year-old male who ingested toilet cleaning acid 6 hours prior. He presented with oropharyngeal pain, increased salivation, dysphagia, and odynophagia, but no chest pain, epigastric pain, vomiting, or hematemesis. Examination found oral and pharyngeal mucosal burns, with normal systemic exam. This case is then used to discuss issues related to the acute management, role of endoscopy, and classification of corrosive injuries.
Corrosive intake
This document discusses corrosive ingestion and its management. It notes that caustic ingestion can cause a variety of clinical presentations and complications. The severity depends on factors like the substance ingested, amount, concentration, and duration of exposure. Initial management involves airway protection, IV fluids, gastric acid suppression, and pain control. Endoscopy within 24 hours is recommended to assess injury grade and guide management. Patients with severe injuries may require tube feeding or surgery for complications like perforation. Long term risks include strictures and esophageal cancer, so surveillance is advised.
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Corrosive ingestion
This document discusses the management of caustic ingestion injuries. It notes that the severity of injuries depends on factors like amount, concentration and contact time of the ingested substance. Gastrointestinal endoscopy within 24 hours is recommended to assess injury grade unless contraindicated. Long term complications include esophageal strictures and cancer, so endoscopic cancer screening is advised 15-20 years later. Surgery is indicated if perforation signs appear.
Toxico for extern
A 5-year-old boy ingested approximately 5 mouthfuls of shampoo 30 minutes prior to arriving at the hospital. Upon arrival, he reported slight tongue numbness but felt well otherwise with no vomiting, dyspnea, or abdominal pain. Shampoo contains surfactants like nonionic surfactants which are condensation products of fatty alcohols and ethylene oxide that can cause minor oral irritation but are generally considered low toxicity at normal usage amounts.
Caustic strictures of the esophagus
This document discusses corrosive ingestion, which is a major health hazard especially for young children. Common caustic agents involved include sodium hydroxide and drain cleaners. Ingestion can cause severe and sometimes lifelong damage to the esophagus. Treatment depends on the severity of injury but may include endoscopy, dilation, steroids, or surgery. Prevention through education and safe storage of chemicals is important to reduce risk of this devastating condition.
Corrosive injuries vishal
This document discusses corrosive injuries to the upper gastrointestinal tract, focusing on the pathology, imaging features, and management of strictures. It provides an overview of the acute effects of corrosive ingestion and subsequent development of strictures. Various imaging modalities are described for evaluating the length, number, and severity of esophageal and gastric strictures, including barium studies, CT, EUS, and MRI. Imaging plays an important role in guiding long-term management of strictures caused by corrosive injuries.
Corrosive esophagitis
Corrosive ingestions can cause severe damage to the esophagus and stomach. The severity depends on the properties of the ingested agent, amount, concentration, and duration of contact. Endoscopy within 24 hours is recommended for most patients to assess injury, except those with signs of perforation or respiratory distress. Patients with moderate to severe injury require intensive care monitoring for complications like perforation. Gentle endoscopic dilation is used to treat stricture, while surgery is reserved for emergency situations or after fibrotic changes occur. There is debate around prophylactic antibiotic and steroid use.
Caustic injury
The document summarizes information about caustic esophageal burns, including common caustic agents, locations of injury, pathogenesis, classification, clinical presentation, complications, diagnosis, and management. Some key points:
- Alkaline agents like cleaning products and batteries commonly cause burns, rapidly penetrating tissue and causing liquefaction necrosis.
- The esophagus is most often involved, with over 75% of injuries located there.
- Endoscopy within 24 hours assesses injury extent and complications like perforation. Strictures often develop and require dilation.
- Early management focuses on airway control, gastric emptying, and ruling out perforation. Late management includes dilation, stenting, or esophageal replacement for severe cases
Corrosive esophageal injury
This document describes the case of a 30-year-old male who ingested toilet cleaning acid 6 hours prior. He presented with oropharyngeal pain, increased salivation, dysphagia, and odynophagia, but no chest pain, epigastric pain, vomiting, or hematemesis. Examination found oral and pharyngeal mucosal burns, with normal systemic exam. This case is then used to discuss issues related to the acute management, role of endoscopy, and classification of corrosive injuries.
Corrosive intake
This document discusses corrosive ingestion and its management. It notes that caustic ingestion can cause a variety of clinical presentations and complications. The severity depends on factors like the substance ingested, amount, concentration, and duration of exposure. Initial management involves airway protection, IV fluids, gastric acid suppression, and pain control. Endoscopy within 24 hours is recommended to assess injury grade and guide management. Patients with severe injuries may require tube feeding or surgery for complications like perforation. Long term risks include strictures and esophageal cancer, so surveillance is advised.
Corrosive poisoning by Dr.Ashwin Menon
This document provides information on corrosive poisoning, including types, mechanisms of injury, clinical features, investigations, management, and treatment. It discusses three main types of corrosives - acids, alkalis, and oxidants. Alkalis are noted as the most dangerous due to their ability to rapidly cause liquifactive necrosis and injury. Clinical features involve the gastrointestinal tract, respiratory system, eyes and skin. Investigations include endoscopy, imaging, and labs. Management focuses on airway protection, dilution, antibiotics, and monitoring. Long term complications like stricture formation may require repeated dilations.
INDUSTRIAL CHEMICALS : CORROSIVES
Corrosives are chemicals that can cause immediate tissue injury on contact through a chemical reaction. They are divided into acids, alkalis, and oxidants. Corrosive injury depends on factors like pH, concentration, and formulation. Common signs and symptoms include burns, pain, vomiting, and strictures. Management involves decontamination of exposed areas and prevention of late complications like strictures through steroid and antibiotic treatment. Diagnostic tests like endoscopy can assess injury grade and risk of complications.
Corrosive alkaline acid
1) Caustic ingestions can cause serious damage through chemical reactions that alter tissue structure. Strong acids and bases pose the highest risk.
2) Ingestions most commonly affect children accidentally and adults intentionally, with thousands of cases annually resulting in esophageal burns.
3) Alkalis cause "liquefactive necrosis" through fat saponification and protein solubilization. Acids induce "coagulation necrosis" through protein denaturation, forming a protective eschar.
Corrosive poisoning
Corrosive poisoning is a common emergency as corrosive agents are easily available for household use. this ppt. covered the management of corrosive poisoning. Available now.
Esophageal injuries iatrogenic and others
relevant surgical anatomy in regards to injuries
methods of identifying, ivestigating and treating esophageal injuries.
DISEASES OF OESOPHAGUS
This document discusses various diseases and disorders of the esophagus. It begins by describing acute esophagitis, its causes including hot liquids and foreign bodies, and its symptoms of dysphagia and chest pain. It then discusses perforation of the esophagus, noting it can be caused by instrumentation or vomiting and requires early diagnosis. Corrosive burns of the esophagus from acids or alkalis are also covered. The document provides summaries of several other esophageal conditions like benign strictures, hiatal hernia, Plummer-Vinson syndrome, and motility disorders. It concludes by outlining complications of gastroesophageal reflux like esophagitis and Barrett's esophagus.
Esophageal Strictures
This document discusses different types of esophageal strictures seen on imaging. It provides details on the typical locations and appearances of peptic, Barrett's esophagus, malignant, caustic, radiation, and other strictures. Examples of double-contrast esophagograms are shown to illustrate the features of peptic, Schatzki's ring, malignant, nasogastric intubation, Barrett's esophagus, radiation, caustic, and other strictures. The document concludes by presenting cases where observers judged strictures as benign, malignant, or equivocal based on imaging findings which were then correlated with endoscopy results.
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The document discusses esophageal perforation, including its causes, presentation, diagnosis, and management. Esophageal perforation is a surgical emergency that requires prompt treatment due to its high mortality rate. The management involves broad spectrum antibiotics, nil per os, fluid resuscitation, and usually surgical repair of the perforation site. Factors like delay in diagnosis, location of perforation, and etiology influence outcomes.
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This document presents a case report of a 2.5 year old male patient who was admitted with persistent fluid leaking from his right chest tube for 1 month following swallowing of a button battery. The patient underwent various procedures including esophagoscopy, esophageal stent placement, and feeding jejunostomy. He was later readmitted with fever, cough, and abdominal distension. Imaging showed fluid in the chest and esophagus had not healed. The case report reviews the patient's hospital course and provides background information on esophageal perforation including causes, presentation, imaging, and management considerations.
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This document discusses esophageal injury, including its anatomy, causes, symptoms, diagnosis and management. The esophagus extends from the pharynx to the stomach. Injuries are often caused by medical procedures but can also result from trauma or spontaneous rupture. Symptoms vary depending on the location but may include chest pain, vomiting and subcutaneous emphysema. Diagnosis involves imaging and endoscopy. Treatment depends on factors like timing and location but typically involves antibiotics, nil by mouth, drainage and sometimes stents or surgery to repair the injury. Outcomes are best when treatment begins quickly but morbidity and mortality remain high if sepsis develops.
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This document provides information on corrosive poisoning, including types, mechanisms of injury, clinical features, investigations, management, and treatment. It discusses three main types of corrosives - acids, alkalis, and oxidants. Alkalis are noted as the most dangerous due to their ability to rapidly cause liquifactive necrosis and injury. Clinical features involve the gastrointestinal tract, respiratory system, eyes and skin. Investigations include endoscopy, imaging, and labs. Management focuses on airway protection, dilution, antibiotics, and monitoring. Long term complications like stricture formation may require repeated dilations.
INDUSTRIAL CHEMICALS : CORROSIVES
Corrosives are chemicals that can cause immediate tissue injury on contact through a chemical reaction. They are divided into acids, alkalis, and oxidants. Corrosive injury depends on factors like pH, concentration, and formulation. Common signs and symptoms include burns, pain, vomiting, and strictures. Management involves decontamination of exposed areas and prevention of late complications like strictures through steroid and antibiotic treatment. Diagnostic tests like endoscopy can assess injury grade and risk of complications.
Corrosive alkaline acid
1) Caustic ingestions can cause serious damage through chemical reactions that alter tissue structure. Strong acids and bases pose the highest risk.
2) Ingestions most commonly affect children accidentally and adults intentionally, with thousands of cases annually resulting in esophageal burns.
3) Alkalis cause "liquefactive necrosis" through fat saponification and protein solubilization. Acids induce "coagulation necrosis" through protein denaturation, forming a protective eschar.
Corrosive poisoning
Corrosive poisoning is a common emergency as corrosive agents are easily available for household use. this ppt. covered the management of corrosive poisoning. Available now.
Esophageal injuries iatrogenic and others
relevant surgical anatomy in regards to injuries
methods of identifying, ivestigating and treating esophageal injuries.
DISEASES OF OESOPHAGUS
This document discusses various diseases and disorders of the esophagus. It begins by describing acute esophagitis, its causes including hot liquids and foreign bodies, and its symptoms of dysphagia and chest pain. It then discusses perforation of the esophagus, noting it can be caused by instrumentation or vomiting and requires early diagnosis. Corrosive burns of the esophagus from acids or alkalis are also covered. The document provides summaries of several other esophageal conditions like benign strictures, hiatal hernia, Plummer-Vinson syndrome, and motility disorders. It concludes by outlining complications of gastroesophageal reflux like esophagitis and Barrett's esophagus.
Esophageal Strictures
This document discusses different types of esophageal strictures seen on imaging. It provides details on the typical locations and appearances of peptic, Barrett's esophagus, malignant, caustic, radiation, and other strictures. Examples of double-contrast esophagograms are shown to illustrate the features of peptic, Schatzki's ring, malignant, nasogastric intubation, Barrett's esophagus, radiation, caustic, and other strictures. The document concludes by presenting cases where observers judged strictures as benign, malignant, or equivocal based on imaging findings which were then correlated with endoscopy results.
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This document presents a case report of a 2.5 year old male patient who was admitted with persistent fluid leaking from his right chest tube for 1 month following swallowing of a button battery. The patient underwent various procedures including esophagoscopy, esophageal stent placement, and feeding jejunostomy. He was later readmitted with fever, cough, and abdominal distension. Imaging showed fluid in the chest and esophagus had not healed. The case report reviews the patient's hospital course and provides background information on esophageal perforation including causes, presentation, imaging, and management considerations.
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This document discusses esophageal injury, including its anatomy, causes, symptoms, diagnosis and management. The esophagus extends from the pharynx to the stomach. Injuries are often caused by medical procedures but can also result from trauma or spontaneous rupture. Symptoms vary depending on the location but may include chest pain, vomiting and subcutaneous emphysema. Diagnosis involves imaging and endoscopy. Treatment depends on factors like timing and location but typically involves antibiotics, nil by mouth, drainage and sometimes stents or surgery to repair the injury. Outcomes are best when treatment begins quickly but morbidity and mortality remain high if sepsis develops.
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Stridor
1. Stridor requires determining the cause through history and physical exam including timing, onset, associated symptoms, and localization of obstruction.
2. Flexible fiberoptic laryngoscopy can diagnose conditions like laryngomalacia by examining the nose, throat, and larynx without general anesthesia.
3. Treatment depends on the diagnosed cause, such as racemic epinephrine, dexamethasone, or antibiotics for croup, immediate intubation and antibiotics for epiglottitis, and bronchoscopy for removing foreign bodies.
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Corrosive ingestion
- 1. 33Y/F C/O – SECONDARY INFERTILITY. H/O SPONTANEOUS ABORTION 3 YRS BACK
- 6. ENDOMETRIAL POLYP SUBMUCOSAL FIBROID AIR IN ENDOMETRIAL CAVITY GESTATIONAL SAC OR RPOC RETAINED BLOOD CLOT
- 8. Benign nodular protrusions of the endometrial surface. Sessile or pedunculated Asymptomatic , may cause infertility , inter- menstrual bleeding, metrorrhagia, and, post- menopausal bleeding.
- 9. 35 Y /M C/O - DYSPHAGIA FOR BOTH SOLID AND LIQUID,PAIN ABDOMEN x 25 Days CORROSIVE INGESTION 1 MONTH BACK.
- 16. Severity and extent depends upon type , conc. , and volume of agent. Alkaline agents produces deep coagulation necrosis but acids tends to be superficial. Initial symptoms- chest pain, dysphagia RADIOGRAPHIC FINDINGS – 1ST 24 HOUR- Blurred margins , contour irregularity, ulcerations or thickened folds (in severe injury).
- 17. 1st week – esophageal wall thickened and luminal narrowing , frank ulcerations , pseudomembrane . 2-6 weeks – severe fibrosis luminal narrowing (return /onset of dysphagia) Contour resume smooth after epithelial regeneration.
- 18. Gastric involvement primarily distal part of stomach may cause ulcerations, pyloric stenosis , frank outlet obstruction and atony .
- 19. THANK YOU