Conventional omfs radiology / dental implant courses

CONVENTIONAL
MAXILLOFACIAL
RADIOGRAPHY
www.indiandentalacademy.com

 MANDIBULAR OBLIQUE LATERAL
PROJECTION
› MANDIBULAR BODY PROJECTION
› MANDIBULAR RAMUS PROJECTION
 LATERAL SKULL PROJECTION
 POSTERO ANTERIOR SKULL PROJECTION
 WATERS PROJECTION
 SUBMENTO VERTEX PROJECTION
 REVERSE TOWNS PROJECTION

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 MANDIBULAR BODY

 RAMUS
 CONDYLAR NECK
 CORONOID PROCESS

1.Coronal suture, 2.Meningeal grooves
3.Lambdoid suture,4.Mastoid air cells,
5.Ant wall of middle cranial fossa,
6.Floor of ant cranial fossa, 7.Frontal
sinus,8.Cribriform plate,9.Nasal bone,
10.Ant border of lat wall of orbit,
11.Sphenoidal sinus,12.Sella turcica,
13.Clivus, 14.Head of mandibular
condyle, 15.Sigmoid notch, 16.Post
wall of maxillary antrum, 17.Coronoid
process of mandible,18.Body of zygoma
19.Zygomatic process of maxilla, 20.Ant
wall of maxillay antrum, 21.Ant nasal
spine, 22.Hard palate,23.Floor of
maxillary antrum, 24.Alveolar ridge of
the maxilla, 25.Pterygoid plates,
26.Inferior alveolar canal, 27.Angle of
mandible, 28.Body of mandible, 29.Post
arch of atlas vertebra, 30.Odontoid
process of axis vertebra, 31.Ant arch of
atlas vertebra, 32.Pharyngeal air space,
33.Hyoid bone
LATERAL SKULL PROJECTION

Step 1
 Mastoid air cells
 Sella turcica
 Sphenoidal sinus
 Roof of orbit

Step 2
 Orbit
 Frontal ,ethmoid &
maxillary sinus
 Pterygomaxillary
fissure
 Pterygoid plates
 Zygomatic process
of maxilla
 Anterior nasal spine
 Hard palate

Step 3
 Evaluation of lower
face

Step 4
 Cervical spine
 Airway
 Area of the neck

Step 5
 Alveolar bone
 Teeth

1.Lambdoid suture, 2.Supra orbital
margin, 3.Frontal sinus, 4.Dorsum
sellae, 5.Zygomatic process of frontal
bone, 6.Crista galli, 7.Foramen
rotundum, 8.Sphenoidal sinus,
9.Ethmoidal sinus, 10.Internal auditory
canal,11.Nasal septum, 12. Middle
turbinate bone, 13.Linea innominata,
14.Frontal process of zygomatic
bone, 15.ext auditory canal, 16.Head
of mandibular condyle, 17.Neck of
mandibular condyle,18.Maxillary
antrum, 19.Inferior turbinate bone,
20.Coronoid process of mandible,
21.Mastoid process, 22.Intervertebral
space between atlas and axis bone,
23.Odontoid process of the axis
vertebra, 24.Hard palate, 25.Alveolar
process of maxilla
POSTEROANTERIOR SKULL PROJECTION

Step 1
 Clavarium
 Left external auditory
meatus

Step 2
 Orbits
 Frontal, ethmoidal &
maxillary sinus
 Hard palate
 Nasal septum

Step 3
 Condylar & coronoid
process
 Ramus of mandible
 Angle & body of
mandible

Step 4
 Cervical spine

1.Frontal sinus 2.frontozygomatic suture
3.supra orbital margin 4.nasal bones
5.linea inominata 6.infra orbital margin
7.nasal septum 8.ant ethmoidal sinuses
9.infra orbital margin10.zygomatic
bone11.maxillary antrum 12.foramen
rotundum 13.nasal cavity & turbinate
bones 14.sphenoidal sinus 15.coronoid
process 16.zygomatic arch
17.foramnen ovale 18.petrous part of
temporal bone 19.condylar head
20.odontoid process of axis vertebra
21.body of mandible 22.mastoid air cells
23.cervical vertebra 24.occipital bone
WATERS PROJECTION

Step 1
 Left temporal area
to right temporal
areas through the
supra orbital ridges

Step 2
 Supraorbital &
infraorbitral rims
 Infratemporal fossa

Step 3
 Superior , medial &
lateral walls & floor of
maxillary sinus

Step 4
 Zygomatic arch
 Frontozygomatic
suture

Step 5
 Condylar process
 Coronoid process

1.Frontal bone 2.maxillary antrum
3.medial wall of the maxillary sinus
4.nasal septum 5.lateral wall of orbit
6.coronoid process 7.post, border of
vomer 8.greater palatine foramen
9.anterior wall of the middle cranial fossa
10.zygomatic arch 11.mandibular
ramus 12.sphenoidal sinus
13.ethmoidal sinus 14.foramen ovale
15.eustachian tube 16.ext auditory
meatus 17.mastoid air sinuses18.internal
auditary meatus 19.clivus 20.foramen
spinosum 21.mandibular ramus
22.mandibular condyle 23.anterior arch
of atlas vertebra 24.odontoid process of
vertebra 25.foramen magnum
SUBMENTOVERTEX PROJECTION

Step 1
 Posterior cranial
fossa
 Check symmetry

Step 2
 Middle cranial fossa
 Clivus
 Sphenoidal sinus

Step 3
 Nasal septum
 Nasal cavity
 Maxillary &
ethmoidal sinus
 orbits

Step 4
 Evaluate the
mandible starting
from right condylar
head till the left
condylar head

1.Lambdoid suture 2.internal occipital
crest 3.occiput 4.petrous part of
temporal bone 5.post clenoid process
6.dorsum sellae 7.foramen magnum
8.mastoid air sinuses 9.internal
auditary meatus 10.condylar head
11.maxillary antrum 12.nasal septum
13.medial wall of maxillary antrum
14.roof & wall of maxillary antrum
15.condylar neck 16.coronoid
process 17.zygomatic arch 18.TMJ
space
REVERSE TOWNE PROJECTION

Step 1
 Intra cranial
calcification
 Look for symmetry

Step 2
 Middle cranial fossa
 Mastoid air cells
 Petrous ridges

Step 3
 Nasal cavity
 Nasal septum

Step 4
 Condylar & coronoid
process of mandible

1.Orbital cavity 2.nasal cavity 3.nasal septum 4.maxillary antrum 5.root of the
zygoma 6.zygomatic arch 7.styloid process 8.glenoid fossa 9.condylar process
10.coronoid process 11.hard palate 12.soft palate 13.neck of condyle
14.oropharynx 15.pharyngeal air space16.pinna of ear 17.inferior alveolar canal
18.mental foramen 19.hyoid bone 20.epiglottiswww.indiandentalacademy.com

ANATOMICAL LANDMARKS

 TRANS CRANIAL VIEW
 TRANS PHARYNGEAL VIEW
 TRANS ORBITAL VIEW

1.External auditary meatus 2.mastoid air sinus 3.articular fossa of the TMJ
4.articular eminence 5.condylar head 6.coronoid process 7.condylar process
8.medial rim of articular fossa 9.maxillary antrum 10.floor of the anterior cranial
fossa

1.External auditary meatus 2.mastoid air sinus 3.articular fossa of the TMJ
4.articular eminence 5.condylar head 6.coronoid process 7.condylar process of
opposite side 8.medial rim of articular fossa 9.maxillary antrum 10.floor of the
anterior cranial fossa

 TO IDENTIFY GROSS OSSEUS CHANGES
ON THE LATERAL ASPECT OF TMJ
 DISPLACED CONDYLAR FRACTURES

 CONDYLAR NECK FRACTURES

 TO VISUALIZE EROSIVE CHANGES IN THE
CONDYLE THAN MORE SUBTLE CHANGES

STEP 1 : LOCALIZE THE ABNORMALITY
 Anatomic position
 Localized or generalized
 Unilateral or bilateral
 Single or multifocal
STEP 2 : ASSESS THE PERIPHERY AND SHAPE
PERIPHERY
Well Defined Ill defined
 Punched out Blending
 Corticated Invasive
 Sclerotic
 Soft tissue capsule

SHAPE
 Circular
 Triangular
 Irregular
STEP 3 : ANALYZE THE INTERNAL STRUCTURE
 Totally radiolucent
 Totally radiopaque
 Mixed

STEP 4: ANALYZE THE EFFECTS OF LESION ON
SURROUNDING STRUCTURES
 Teeth, lamina dura, periodontal membrane
space
 Inferior alveolar nerve canal and mental
foramen
 Maxillary antrum
 Surrounding bone density and trabecular
pattern
 Outer cortical bone and periosteal
reactions

STEP 5 : FORMULATE A RADIOGRAPHIC
INTERPRETATION

Conventional omfs radiology / dental implant courses

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