Congenital syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease transmitted from mother to fetus that can cause serious long term effects if left untreated. It is classified as either early or late disease, with early disease presenting within the first 2 years of life with symptoms like rash, fever, nasal discharge, and hepatitis. Late disease presents after 2 years with signs of damage to organs like the eyes, bones, and nervous system. Diagnosis involves tests of the mother and child along with examinations. Treatment is with intravenous penicillin or erythromycin antibiotics to prevent disability or death in the infant from this untreated infection.

1. Name : Francis Sharon Jessy
Group : 12
Topic : Congenital Syphilis
Teacher: Pazylova Baktigul

2. DEFINITION
•syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease caused
by infection with the bacterium treponema
pallidum
• congenital syphilis is defined as disease
transmitted from a pregnant mother to her fetus

3. Congenital Syphilis
Hepatomegaly
Rash
Ostitis ,
Metaphysitis,
Periostitis
Wimberger sign
Nasal
discharge
Hydrops
fetalis
Petechial rash
Necrotizing
funisitis
within the matrix
of
the umbilical cord

4. CLASSIFICATION
Congenital
syphilis
Early
Direct bacterial
infection
Within first 2 years
Late
Phenomenon of
hypersensitivity
Later than 2 yrs

5. PATHOLOGY
• Major fetus- small perivascular inflammatory foci &
lymphocytic infiltrate  reduced growth of parenchymal
cells & fibrosis.
• Placenta- heavy, bulky, pale, greasy.
Placenta HPE-
1. Necrotizing funisitis
2. Villous enlargement
3. Acute villitis
• Stillborn fetus- macerated appearance with collapse of
skull, protuberant abdomen with enlarged liver and
spleen, haemorrhagic bulla.

6. Early congenital syphilis
• Primary stage – absent (blood borne)
• Baby – Preterm/full term
Early cong.
syphilis
Lack
manifestations -
birth
rhinitis,
pneumonia,
failure to thrive
Classical
presentation -
birth
Wizened, pot
belly, hoarse baby
looking like old
man, withered
brown skin &
runny fissured
nose.
More prone for
intercurrent
infection

7. Manifestations Of Congenital Syphilis -
Early Congenital Syphilis
• Anemia
• Oedma or wasting
• Fever
• Failure to thrive
• Rhinitis or snaffles is an early symptom
• Profuse mucopurlent discharge and nasal congestion
• Skin eruptions
• Erythematous appearance

8. • Mucuocutaneous lesions occur around the nose, mouth,
anus and vulva –moist and readily produce fissuring and
bleeding
• Excoriations and ulcers are common in the genital &
perinatal region & on the face
• Around the mouth may lead to radiating scars called
“rhagades”
• Condyloma latum , which are flat, raised plaques with moist
surfaces,occur around the anus and female genitals ;it is
usually found in later infancy, between 6 month 2 yrs.

9. Late Congenital Syphilis
• Interstitial kerailts
• Pain,photophobia&lacrimation
• Vascular infiltration of deep layers of cornea which
presents a ground - glass appearance& later
become opaque.
• Secondary iridocystitis

10. Skin Lesions
• Vesicobullous rash, symetrically , palms and soles-
earliest & specific sign.
• Also known as Pemphigus syphiliticus
• Lesions are contagious, also seen around oral cavity,
trunk, buttocks, and genitilia.
• Few weeks later, a papulosquamous rash may appear.
Usually involve the face, mouth, anterior nares, buttocks,
palms & soles.

12. Diagnosis
• History collection
• Physical examination
-Hepatomegaly
-bone inflammation
For mother
-fluorescent treponemal antibody absorbed test
-Rapid plasma reagin(RPR)
-VDRL

13. • Bacteriology
• Eye examination
• Lumbar puncture( csf studies- increased protein)
• Radiology – Wimberger's sign( litic lesion in the
upper aspect of tibia)

14. Complication
• Blindness
• Deafness
• Deformity of the face
• Nervous system problems

15. Treatment
•Intravenous crystalline penicillin G 100,000-
150,000U//kg/day-im
•Erythromycin 15mg/kg/day for 10 days