Conformation Quiz #1
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The document discusses ideal pastern angle for horses, noting that too little or too much angle can cause issues. The ideal angle is for the shoulder and pastern to match at 45 degrees, as this provides proper shock absorption. Upright pasterns result in increased concussion and diseases like arthritis as the horse's weight falls onto the heels rather than behind them. Proper pastern angle leads to a comfortable gait for both horse and rider.
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Create the perfect hips
This document discusses ideal hip posture and how to assess your own posture. It outlines that ideal posture involves the lumbar curve, pelvic angle, and hip joints being in proper alignment. The "2 out of 3 rule" states that if 2 of these 3 areas are out of alignment, the hips are tilted either anteriorly or posteriorly. Anterior tilt involves a deeper lumbar curve, higher pelvis, and increased hip flexion, while posterior tilt is the reverse. The document provides tests to assess your hip posture and discusses how anterior or posterior tilt can result in having a prominent or recessed gluteal region. Maintaining proper hip posture and glute function is important for stability, balance, and absorbing impacts.
Squat jump Biomechanics
- The study examined the effects of gastrocnemius (calf muscle) fatigue on ankle joint kinetics during the squat jump in 5 trained male basketball players.
- Participants performed squat jumps before and after a calf raise protocol to induce gastrocnemius fatigue. Kinematic and kinetic data of the foot segment was analyzed.
- Results showed no significant difference in foot segment power between pre- and post-fatigue jumps, indicating that bi-articular muscle fatigue did not reduce segmental kinetics.
- The conclusion is that the gastrocnemius acts to transfer energy between segments rather than generate work, so its fatigue did not decrease ankle joint power during the squat jump.
The stable spine – get the curve right
The document discusses ideal spinal alignment and common spinal deviations. The ideal spine has straight alignment from the side and front views, with natural curves in the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar regions. Common deviations include flat backs with an extended lumbar spine and sway backs with a flattened lumbar spine and tilted pelvis. Hunchbacks have an extended lumbar spine and flexed thoracic spine, while soldiers have an extended lumbar spine and backwards leaning thoracic spine. Maintaining proper spinal alignment requires balanced muscle strength and flexibility throughout the back and hips.
The Squat: An Analysis
This document provides an overview of squats, discussing their benefits, myths, safety, technique, and variations. It summarizes research comparing narrow, medium, and wide stances, finding they have different effects on joint angles, muscle recruitment, and knee compression/tension but no stance is inherently riskier. While an older study linked squats to knee issues, more recent research has not replicated these findings. The squat places tension on the PCL during flexion but not the ACL. Proper form with hamstring engagement protects the knees.
Bspa judges conference 2014
British Show Pony Association (BSPA) Judges Conference 2014 - Talk given by Jane Nixon MRCVS on the topic "Optimising Show Horse Performance,
With Particular Reference to the Athletic Spine and Head Carriage"
The Throwing Shoulder
Overhand throwing can cause overuse injuries to the shoulder if proper form and conditioning are not maintained. The document discusses shoulder anatomy and biomechanics related to pitching, statistics on youth pitching injuries, common trouble areas, and preventative exercises to address mobility, strength imbalances, scapular positioning, and proprioception. It recommends coaching attention to fatigue and complaints to prevent injury and stresses being proactive by including preventative routines.
Shoulder Injuries | Throwing Athlete | Orthopedic Surgeon Vail Colorado
Pathologic conditions in the shoulder of a throwing athlete frequently represent a breakdown of multiple elements of the shoulder restraint system, both static and dynamic, and also a breakdown in the kinetic chain. Physical therapy and rehabilitation for shoulder injuries should be, with only a few exceptions, the primary treatment for a throwing athlete before operative treatment is considered. Articular-sided partial rotator cuff tears and superior labral tears are common in throwing athletes. Operative treatment for shoulder injuries can be successful when nonoperative measures have failed. Throwing athletes who have a glenohumeral internal rotation deficit have a good response, in most cases, to stretching of the posteroinferior aspect of the capsule. For more studies visit Dr. Millett, orthopedic surgeon, http://drmillett.com/shoulder-studies
Thrower's shoulder ppt
The document discusses various theories for the pathogenesis of shoulder injuries in throwers:
1. Internal impingement theory suggests excessive abduction and external rotation can cause contact between tendons and the posterior-superior labrum.
2. Posterior capsular contracture (GIRD) theory argues repetitive overhead motion leads to tightening of the posterior capsule and loss of internal rotation.
3. Scapulo-thoracic dysfunction (SICK scapula) theory believes lack of scapular stability during the throwing motion increases strain on the shoulder joint and labrum. Managing scapular movement is key to prevention according to this view.
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Create the perfect hips
This document discusses ideal hip posture and how to assess your own posture. It outlines that ideal posture involves the lumbar curve, pelvic angle, and hip joints being in proper alignment. The "2 out of 3 rule" states that if 2 of these 3 areas are out of alignment, the hips are tilted either anteriorly or posteriorly. Anterior tilt involves a deeper lumbar curve, higher pelvis, and increased hip flexion, while posterior tilt is the reverse. The document provides tests to assess your hip posture and discusses how anterior or posterior tilt can result in having a prominent or recessed gluteal region. Maintaining proper hip posture and glute function is important for stability, balance, and absorbing impacts.
Squat jump Biomechanics
- The study examined the effects of gastrocnemius (calf muscle) fatigue on ankle joint kinetics during the squat jump in 5 trained male basketball players.
- Participants performed squat jumps before and after a calf raise protocol to induce gastrocnemius fatigue. Kinematic and kinetic data of the foot segment was analyzed.
- Results showed no significant difference in foot segment power between pre- and post-fatigue jumps, indicating that bi-articular muscle fatigue did not reduce segmental kinetics.
- The conclusion is that the gastrocnemius acts to transfer energy between segments rather than generate work, so its fatigue did not decrease ankle joint power during the squat jump.
The stable spine – get the curve right
The document discusses ideal spinal alignment and common spinal deviations. The ideal spine has straight alignment from the side and front views, with natural curves in the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar regions. Common deviations include flat backs with an extended lumbar spine and sway backs with a flattened lumbar spine and tilted pelvis. Hunchbacks have an extended lumbar spine and flexed thoracic spine, while soldiers have an extended lumbar spine and backwards leaning thoracic spine. Maintaining proper spinal alignment requires balanced muscle strength and flexibility throughout the back and hips.
The Squat: An Analysis
This document provides an overview of squats, discussing their benefits, myths, safety, technique, and variations. It summarizes research comparing narrow, medium, and wide stances, finding they have different effects on joint angles, muscle recruitment, and knee compression/tension but no stance is inherently riskier. While an older study linked squats to knee issues, more recent research has not replicated these findings. The squat places tension on the PCL during flexion but not the ACL. Proper form with hamstring engagement protects the knees.
Bspa judges conference 2014
British Show Pony Association (BSPA) Judges Conference 2014 - Talk given by Jane Nixon MRCVS on the topic "Optimising Show Horse Performance,
With Particular Reference to the Athletic Spine and Head Carriage"
The Throwing Shoulder
Overhand throwing can cause overuse injuries to the shoulder if proper form and conditioning are not maintained. The document discusses shoulder anatomy and biomechanics related to pitching, statistics on youth pitching injuries, common trouble areas, and preventative exercises to address mobility, strength imbalances, scapular positioning, and proprioception. It recommends coaching attention to fatigue and complaints to prevent injury and stresses being proactive by including preventative routines.
Shoulder Injuries | Throwing Athlete | Orthopedic Surgeon Vail Colorado
Pathologic conditions in the shoulder of a throwing athlete frequently represent a breakdown of multiple elements of the shoulder restraint system, both static and dynamic, and also a breakdown in the kinetic chain. Physical therapy and rehabilitation for shoulder injuries should be, with only a few exceptions, the primary treatment for a throwing athlete before operative treatment is considered. Articular-sided partial rotator cuff tears and superior labral tears are common in throwing athletes. Operative treatment for shoulder injuries can be successful when nonoperative measures have failed. Throwing athletes who have a glenohumeral internal rotation deficit have a good response, in most cases, to stretching of the posteroinferior aspect of the capsule. For more studies visit Dr. Millett, orthopedic surgeon, http://drmillett.com/shoulder-studies
Thrower's shoulder ppt
The document discusses various theories for the pathogenesis of shoulder injuries in throwers:
1. Internal impingement theory suggests excessive abduction and external rotation can cause contact between tendons and the posterior-superior labrum.
2. Posterior capsular contracture (GIRD) theory argues repetitive overhead motion leads to tightening of the posterior capsule and loss of internal rotation.
3. Scapulo-thoracic dysfunction (SICK scapula) theory believes lack of scapular stability during the throwing motion increases strain on the shoulder joint and labrum. Managing scapular movement is key to prevention according to this view.
Ppp
The document discusses postural alignment and its importance for performance and injury prevention. It defines key concepts like neutral spine, factors that influence posture, and how to assess both static and dynamic posture. Common postural issues like upper and lower cross syndromes are identified. Exercises are provided to strengthen weak muscles and stretch tight ones to achieve optimal posture and power in movement.
551 power point
Squats are an exercise that strengthen the lower body and core by moving the hips back and down until the top of the legs are parallel to the ground, then driving back up through the heels. Proper form keeps the chest up, core engaged, and knees aligned over the toes. Variations include overhead squats, front squats, and dumbbell squats. Squats are beneficial as they increase lower body strength, protect the knees, hips, and ankles from injury, improve speed and power, and transfer strength to upper body activities.
551 power point
Squats are an exercise that strengthen the lower body and core by moving the hips back and down until the top of the legs are parallel to the ground, then driving back up through the heels. Proper form keeps the chest up, core engaged, and knees aligned over the toes. Variations include overhead squats, front squats, and dumbbell squats. Squats are beneficial as they increase lower body strength, protect the knees, hips, and ankles from injury, improve speed and power, and transfer strength to upper body activities.
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This document discusses common hip conditions presenting in the emergency department and the use of ultrasound for evaluating hip pain. It reviews posterior hip dislocation, trochanteric bursitis, septic hip, and their presentations, relevant imaging findings on ultrasound and x-rays, complications, and management strategies. Ultrasound can help identify effusions and collections associated with these conditions to help guide diagnostic injections and treatment. Timely reduction, orthopedic consultation, antibiotics, and drainage when indicated are important aspects of management.
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1) The sit-to-stand movement involves raising the body from a sitting to standing position and requires coordination of limbs to transfer weight while maintaining balance.
2) Individuals with knee osteoarthritis display different movement strategies during sit-to-stand, such as greater muscle co-contraction, earlier hamstring activation, and reduced hip and knee range of motion.
3) Altered movement strategies in osteoarthritis are thought to compensate for pain and weakness, helping to accomplish the task while protecting the affected knee joint.
Kin191 A. Ch.3. Assessment Of Posture. Fall 2007
The document discusses posture and its clinical evaluation. It defines posture and ideal alignment, and describes the kinetic chain and muscle functions like agonist/antagonist relationships. It also covers common postural deviations in the feet, knees, spine, shoulders, and head, and how to inspect and palpate posture clinically. Postural deviations can include hyperlordosis, kyphosis, swayback, flat back, scoliosis, forward shoulders, scapular winging, and a forward head.
PeakPhysio.com Sports Injury Talks – TWO: Common running injuries
1) The document discusses common running injuries including iliotibial band syndrome and calf pain. It describes the gait cycle and biomechanical abnormalities that can lead to these injuries.
2) Assessment of lower limb biomechanics includes examining posture, range of motion, muscle lengths and strengths, balance, and functional tasks. Abnormal pelvic tilt and leg biomechanics can strain the knee.
3) Iliotibial band syndrome presents as lateral knee pain that is worse with downhill running. Treatment focuses on modifying activities, soft tissue work, stretching tight muscles, strengthening hips, and correcting biomechanics. Calf pain treatment also emphasizes rest, examining biomechanics, stretching, and strengthening.
Biomechanics of the Hip Joint
This document provides an overview of biomechanics concepts related to the hip joint, including:
- Forces acting on the hip joint include body weight and forces generated by hip abductor muscles. The joint reaction force is the force generated within the joint in response.
- Parameters like femoral head size, neck length, and offset impact joint stability and the required abductor muscle force. Restoring anatomy reduces joint forces.
- Gait adaptations like limping or using a cane bring the body's center of gravity closer to the hip joint, reducing forces on the joint.
Hip biomechanics
1. Biomechanics is the study of forces acting on the living body, including those acting across joints like the hip.
2. The hip is both mobile and stable due to its strong bones, muscles, ligaments and the depth of the acetabulum.
3. Forces acting across the hip joint include body weight, abductor muscle forces, and a joint reaction force that maintains equilibrium. The joint reaction force increases during activities like walking and running that place greater demands on the hip.
Lecture III Muscle Imbalances
This document discusses spinal muscle anatomy and function. It notes that traditional anatomy descriptions only viewed muscles from the back view rather than how they create movement. The core muscles work synergistically to stiffen the trunk and prevent motion rather than initiate it. True stability comes from balanced stiffening from the entire torso musculature, not singular muscles. It provides examples of potential "energy leaks" that can lead to injury and discusses exercises to train the core muscles while avoiding energy leaks.
Biomechanics of throwing
this involves the series of movements that occurs in the glenohumeral joints among the pitchers, like fast bowlers, baseball players.
Biomechanics of lower Limb
The document summarizes the biomechanics of the lower extremity, including the hip, knee, ankle, and foot. It describes the bony structures, ligaments, muscles, and movements of each joint. It also discusses common injuries to these areas such as fractures, strains, ligament tears, and tendonitis. Loads and forces on the joints during various activities are explained.
Pelvic Tilt
The document discusses different types of pelvic tilt, including anterior pelvic tilt, posterior pelvic tilt, and lateral pelvic tilt. It describes the anatomy involved and muscles that cause each type of tilt. Anterior pelvic tilt occurs when the front of the pelvis drops down and the back tilts up, due to shortening of the hip flexors and lengthening of hip extensors. Posterior pelvic tilt is the opposite, with the front of the pelvis tilting up and the back tilting down. Lateral pelvic tilt involves tilting of the pelvis from side to side. The document also discusses ways to measure pelvic tilt and how the angle is maintained in standing position.
The shoulder BioMechanics of Pitching
This document provides an overview of shoulder biomechanics as they relate to pitching a baseball. It begins with an anatomy review of the shoulder bones and joints. It then describes the various movements involved in pitching, including those in the sagittal, frontal, and transverse planes. Specific muscles that control shoulder abduction, adduction, flexion, extension, and internal/external rotation are identified. The six phases of pitching - windup, stride, arm cocking, arm acceleration, arm deceleration, and follow-through - are outlined. Details are provided on muscle activity and stresses on the shoulder during each phase. The rotator cuff muscles and their actions are defined. Biomechanical factors that can lead to shoulder injury during
Biomechanics of hip and knee joint
The document discusses the biomechanics of the hip and knee joints. It covers:
1) Forces acting on the hip joint include body weight and forces generated by muscles like the abductors. The joint reaction force can be 3-6 times body weight.
2) Osteotomies around the hip can change biomechanics by altering lever arms of muscles. A varus osteotomy lengthens the abductor lever arm reducing joint forces, while a valgus osteotomy shortens it.
3) In the knee, the menisci increase contact area and absorb shock. Forces on the knee during activities can be 2-7 times body weight. Proper biomechanics are important
BIOMECHANICS OF HIP JOINT BY Dr. VIKRAM
The hip joint is a ball-and-socket joint that allows flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation. It is formed by the acetabulum of the pelvis articulating with the femoral head. The primary function is to support the weight of the upper body. Key biomechanical aspects include the angles of inclination and torsion of the femur, congruence of the joint surfaces, and forces transmitted during weight bearing that are balanced by the joint capsule and trabecular bone structure. Motion occurs through tilting and rotation of the pelvis on a fixed femur. Surrounding muscles provide dynamic stability and control movement.
THROWING INJURIES OF UPPER LIMB - MANOJ PRASATH
Throwing injuries are common in sports like baseball, softball, football and volleyball. They are caused by repetitive overhead motions that put stress on the shoulder and elbow. Common injuries include rotator cuff injuries, SLAP tears, tendinitis, and ligament damage in both the shoulder and elbow. Proper technique, gradual training, and rest are needed to prevent overuse injuries from repetitive throwing motions.
Common injuries of lower extremity
Fractures
Usually of femoral neck, a serious injury usually occurring in elderly with osteoporosis
Contusions
Usually in anterior aspect of thigh, during contact sports
Strains
Usually to hamstring during sprinting or over striding
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The document discusses postural alignment and its importance for performance and injury prevention. It defines key concepts like neutral spine, factors that influence posture, and how to assess both static and dynamic posture. Common postural issues like upper and lower cross syndromes are identified. Exercises are provided to strengthen weak muscles and stretch tight ones to achieve optimal posture and power in movement.
551 power point
Squats are an exercise that strengthen the lower body and core by moving the hips back and down until the top of the legs are parallel to the ground, then driving back up through the heels. Proper form keeps the chest up, core engaged, and knees aligned over the toes. Variations include overhead squats, front squats, and dumbbell squats. Squats are beneficial as they increase lower body strength, protect the knees, hips, and ankles from injury, improve speed and power, and transfer strength to upper body activities.
551 power point
Squats are an exercise that strengthen the lower body and core by moving the hips back and down until the top of the legs are parallel to the ground, then driving back up through the heels. Proper form keeps the chest up, core engaged, and knees aligned over the toes. Variations include overhead squats, front squats, and dumbbell squats. Squats are beneficial as they increase lower body strength, protect the knees, hips, and ankles from injury, improve speed and power, and transfer strength to upper body activities.
Biomechanics and Golf
The document discusses the biomechanics of the golf swing. It begins by defining biomechanics and explaining how understanding biomechanical principles can help improve skills and prevent injuries. It then breaks down the analysis of a golf swing into key steps - stating the objective, identifying the movement pattern, breaking the skill into phases, and detecting errors. Specific biomechanical principles that are important for an effective golf swing are then discussed in more detail, including balance, accuracy, momentum, swing plane, and the collision between the ball and club. Common swing errors are also listed.
The Hip Biomechanics SRS
The document discusses the biomechanics of the hip complex, including its articulations, angles, ligaments, musculature, and kinematics. Key points include descriptions of the proximal and distal articular surfaces, angles of inclination and torsion, capsular ligaments, weight bearing structures, and osteokinematics of the femur and pelvis during motions like flexion, extension, abduction, and rotation. Gait and stance mechanics are analyzed, such as bilateral stance, unilateral stance, and trunk listing with calculations of joint torques and forces.
CrossFit-U Knee Injuries (Management and Prevention)
The document summarizes the anatomy and biomechanics of the knee joint. It describes the bones, muscles, ligaments, cartilage, nerves, and blood vessels that make up the knee. It then discusses how different movements like squatting, jumping, twisting, and loading can lead to common knee injuries if the muscles supporting the knee are not properly activated or if biomechanics are not correct. It provides exercises and stretches to strengthen muscles, improve mobility, and correct biomechanics to help prevent knee injuries during crossfit activities.
Hip pain
This document discusses common hip conditions presenting in the emergency department and the use of ultrasound for evaluating hip pain. It reviews posterior hip dislocation, trochanteric bursitis, septic hip, and their presentations, relevant imaging findings on ultrasound and x-rays, complications, and management strategies. Ultrasound can help identify effusions and collections associated with these conditions to help guide diagnostic injections and treatment. Timely reduction, orthopedic consultation, antibiotics, and drainage when indicated are important aspects of management.
Heart Of A Runner Vocabulary
This document contains a list of vocabulary words related to running including: ankle, athlete, confident, relay, responsible, sprint, and overcame. It also includes photo credits related to running.
Sitting to Standing Mechanism and Osteoarthritis
1) The sit-to-stand movement involves raising the body from a sitting to standing position and requires coordination of limbs to transfer weight while maintaining balance.
2) Individuals with knee osteoarthritis display different movement strategies during sit-to-stand, such as greater muscle co-contraction, earlier hamstring activation, and reduced hip and knee range of motion.
3) Altered movement strategies in osteoarthritis are thought to compensate for pain and weakness, helping to accomplish the task while protecting the affected knee joint.
Kin191 A. Ch.3. Assessment Of Posture. Fall 2007
The document discusses posture and its clinical evaluation. It defines posture and ideal alignment, and describes the kinetic chain and muscle functions like agonist/antagonist relationships. It also covers common postural deviations in the feet, knees, spine, shoulders, and head, and how to inspect and palpate posture clinically. Postural deviations can include hyperlordosis, kyphosis, swayback, flat back, scoliosis, forward shoulders, scapular winging, and a forward head.
PeakPhysio.com Sports Injury Talks – TWO: Common running injuries
1) The document discusses common running injuries including iliotibial band syndrome and calf pain. It describes the gait cycle and biomechanical abnormalities that can lead to these injuries.
2) Assessment of lower limb biomechanics includes examining posture, range of motion, muscle lengths and strengths, balance, and functional tasks. Abnormal pelvic tilt and leg biomechanics can strain the knee.
3) Iliotibial band syndrome presents as lateral knee pain that is worse with downhill running. Treatment focuses on modifying activities, soft tissue work, stretching tight muscles, strengthening hips, and correcting biomechanics. Calf pain treatment also emphasizes rest, examining biomechanics, stretching, and strengthening.
Biomechanics of the Hip Joint
This document provides an overview of biomechanics concepts related to the hip joint, including:
- Forces acting on the hip joint include body weight and forces generated by hip abductor muscles. The joint reaction force is the force generated within the joint in response.
- Parameters like femoral head size, neck length, and offset impact joint stability and the required abductor muscle force. Restoring anatomy reduces joint forces.
- Gait adaptations like limping or using a cane bring the body's center of gravity closer to the hip joint, reducing forces on the joint.
Hip biomechanics
1. Biomechanics is the study of forces acting on the living body, including those acting across joints like the hip.
2. The hip is both mobile and stable due to its strong bones, muscles, ligaments and the depth of the acetabulum.
3. Forces acting across the hip joint include body weight, abductor muscle forces, and a joint reaction force that maintains equilibrium. The joint reaction force increases during activities like walking and running that place greater demands on the hip.
Lecture III Muscle Imbalances
This document discusses spinal muscle anatomy and function. It notes that traditional anatomy descriptions only viewed muscles from the back view rather than how they create movement. The core muscles work synergistically to stiffen the trunk and prevent motion rather than initiate it. True stability comes from balanced stiffening from the entire torso musculature, not singular muscles. It provides examples of potential "energy leaks" that can lead to injury and discusses exercises to train the core muscles while avoiding energy leaks.
Biomechanics of throwing
this involves the series of movements that occurs in the glenohumeral joints among the pitchers, like fast bowlers, baseball players.
Biomechanics of lower Limb
The document summarizes the biomechanics of the lower extremity, including the hip, knee, ankle, and foot. It describes the bony structures, ligaments, muscles, and movements of each joint. It also discusses common injuries to these areas such as fractures, strains, ligament tears, and tendonitis. Loads and forces on the joints during various activities are explained.
Pelvic Tilt
The document discusses different types of pelvic tilt, including anterior pelvic tilt, posterior pelvic tilt, and lateral pelvic tilt. It describes the anatomy involved and muscles that cause each type of tilt. Anterior pelvic tilt occurs when the front of the pelvis drops down and the back tilts up, due to shortening of the hip flexors and lengthening of hip extensors. Posterior pelvic tilt is the opposite, with the front of the pelvis tilting up and the back tilting down. Lateral pelvic tilt involves tilting of the pelvis from side to side. The document also discusses ways to measure pelvic tilt and how the angle is maintained in standing position.
The shoulder BioMechanics of Pitching
This document provides an overview of shoulder biomechanics as they relate to pitching a baseball. It begins with an anatomy review of the shoulder bones and joints. It then describes the various movements involved in pitching, including those in the sagittal, frontal, and transverse planes. Specific muscles that control shoulder abduction, adduction, flexion, extension, and internal/external rotation are identified. The six phases of pitching - windup, stride, arm cocking, arm acceleration, arm deceleration, and follow-through - are outlined. Details are provided on muscle activity and stresses on the shoulder during each phase. The rotator cuff muscles and their actions are defined. Biomechanical factors that can lead to shoulder injury during
Biomechanics of hip and knee joint
The document discusses the biomechanics of the hip and knee joints. It covers:
1) Forces acting on the hip joint include body weight and forces generated by muscles like the abductors. The joint reaction force can be 3-6 times body weight.
2) Osteotomies around the hip can change biomechanics by altering lever arms of muscles. A varus osteotomy lengthens the abductor lever arm reducing joint forces, while a valgus osteotomy shortens it.
3) In the knee, the menisci increase contact area and absorb shock. Forces on the knee during activities can be 2-7 times body weight. Proper biomechanics are important
BIOMECHANICS OF HIP JOINT BY Dr. VIKRAM
The hip joint is a ball-and-socket joint that allows flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation. It is formed by the acetabulum of the pelvis articulating with the femoral head. The primary function is to support the weight of the upper body. Key biomechanical aspects include the angles of inclination and torsion of the femur, congruence of the joint surfaces, and forces transmitted during weight bearing that are balanced by the joint capsule and trabecular bone structure. Motion occurs through tilting and rotation of the pelvis on a fixed femur. Surrounding muscles provide dynamic stability and control movement.
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Similar to Conformation Quiz #1
THROWING INJURIES OF UPPER LIMB - MANOJ PRASATH
Throwing injuries are common in sports like baseball, softball, football and volleyball. They are caused by repetitive overhead motions that put stress on the shoulder and elbow. Common injuries include rotator cuff injuries, SLAP tears, tendinitis, and ligament damage in both the shoulder and elbow. Proper technique, gradual training, and rest are needed to prevent overuse injuries from repetitive throwing motions.
Common injuries of lower extremity
Fractures
Usually of femoral neck, a serious injury usually occurring in elderly with osteoporosis
Contusions
Usually in anterior aspect of thigh, during contact sports
Strains
Usually to hamstring during sprinting or over striding
Sports injury
This document provides information on many common sports injuries organized by body part. It describes the most frequent ankle injuries like ankle sprains and Achilles tendon ruptures. It also covers knee injuries, injuries to the thigh, hip, lower back, shoulders and injuries associated with the elbow, wrist, hand and fingers. For each injury, it lists symptoms and potential treatments.
Postural deviations
This document describes various postural abnormalities and deformities. It discusses claw toes, hammer toes, flexed and hyper-extended knee postures, excessive anterior pelvic tilt, lordosis, kyphosis, forward head posture, flat feet, hallux valgus, genu valgum, genu varum, and scoliosis. For each condition, it provides details on characteristics, causes, and treatment options which may include exercises, stretches, strengthening, orthotics, or corrective surgery depending on the severity.
examinationofhipjoint-170820154603 edited.docx
This document provides guidance on examining the hip joint, including:
- Taking a thorough history regarding pain, swelling, limping, stiffness, and past medical history.
- Performing an inspection of gait, limb position, and bony landmarks.
- Conducting palpation of areas for tenderness and deep structures.
- Assessing range of motion through specific movements and tests.
- Measuring for limb length discrepancies, deformities, and muscle wasting.
- Testing stability, special maneuvers for detecting injuries, and contractures.
Hip pain treatment
This document discusses hip pain treatment. It describes common hip disorders like osteoarthritis, femoral neck stress fractures, and femoroacetabular impingement. Diagnosis involves clinical exams, imaging like x-rays and MRIs, and gait analysis. Treatment focuses on restoring strength, mobility, and proper biomechanics through physical therapy and techniques like shockwave therapy. The goal is to alleviate pain and improve function for a variety of hip conditions.
Arches of the Foot
The document discusses the arches of the foot, including the transverse and longitudinal arches. It describes flat feet and high arches, and related conditions like bunions, corns, and hammertoes. Tarsal tunnel syndrome is discussed as a nerve compression condition. Treatment options covered include orthotics, injections, and surgery. Posterior tibial tendon dysfunction is presented as a common cause of flat feet. Risk factors, other contributing conditions, and treatment approaches for flat feet are also outlined.
Neurology(intervertebral+disease)
The document discusses intervertebral disc diseases. It describes the normal structure of intervertebral discs and how aging, mechanical factors, and inflammation can alter disc structure and function. Common causes of disc herniation include trauma, genetic predisposition, and degeneration from aging. Herniated discs most commonly occur in the lumbar and cervical spine. Symptoms depend on the specific nerve root compressed and may include pain, weakness, sensory changes, and reflex abnormalities. Imaging like MRI is used to identify disc herniations. Conservative care includes rest, medication, and physical therapy, while surgery is considered if symptoms do not improve.
Osteotomies around the hip -sid
An osteotomy is a surgical procedure to correct biomechanical alignment of the extremity. Osteotomies around the hip can be femoral or pelvic osteotomies. Femoral osteotomies include intertrochanteric, subtrochanteric, and greater trochanteric osteotomies. Pelvic osteotomies include Salter, Pemberton, Steel, and Chiari osteotomies. Osteotomies are used to treat conditions like osteoarthritis, developmental dysplasia of the hip, osteonecrosis, and fractures. Common femoral osteotomies described were Pauwels' varus and valgus osteotomies, and Sugioka
Plid
The document discusses prolapsed lumbar intervertebral disc (PLID), which occurs when the soft central portion of an intervertebral disc bulges out beyond the damaged outer rings. It causes severe back and leg pain. Key points include: PLID most commonly occurs at the L4/L5 level. Common symptoms are radiating pain, numbness, and weakness. MRI is the preferred imaging method to detect herniations. Treatment options include conservative measures like NSAIDs, physical therapy, and epidural injections or surgery for severe/progressive cases.
Femoral acetabular impingement sydrome
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Examination of hip joint
1) The document discusses the process for examining a patient's hip joint, including obtaining history, performing physical examination, and conducting specific tests.
2) The physical examination involves inspecting the hip from various angles, palpating bony landmarks and soft tissues, measuring range of motion, assessing limb length and muscle bulk, and performing stability and special tests.
3) A number of special tests are described that can help identify conditions like labral tears, femoral anteversion, and soft tissue contractures. Taking a thorough history and conducting a complete physical exam are important for accurately diagnosing hip joint pathology.
Femoroacetabular impingement.pptx
Femoroacetabular impingement is a condition where the hip joint has an abnormal shape, causing the femur and pelvis to rub painfully together and damage cartilage. It is usually present from birth but can develop during teenage years. FAI is classified as cam, pincer, or combined types based on deformities of the femoral head or acetabulum. Symptoms include hip pain worsened by activity and limited range of motion. Diagnosis involves imaging and physical tests, while treatment ranges from medications to arthroscopic or open surgery depending on severity.
definition of Femoroacetabular impingement.pptx
definition of hip impingement,
femoroacetabular impingement complete definition, signs and symptoms of hip impingement,
diagnosis of hip impingement,
treatment for hip impingement
pictures of hip impingement,
classification of hip impingement.
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Orthopedics 5th year, 3rd lecture (Dr. Ali A.Nabi)
The document discusses injuries of the hip joint, including:
1) The anatomy of the hip joint, which is a ball and socket joint formed by the femoral head and acetabulum.
2) Types of hip dislocations, which are most commonly posterior and can occur due to high-energy trauma such as motor vehicle accidents.
3) Treatment of hip dislocations focuses on rapid reduction to restore blood flow and reduce the risk of avascular necrosis of the femoral head.
BIOMECHANICS OF HIP JOINT BY Dr. VIKRAM
The hip joint is a ball-and-socket joint that allows flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation. It is formed by the acetabulum of the pelvis articulating with the femoral head. The primary function is to support the weight of the upper body. Key biomechanical aspects include the angles of inclination and torsion of the femur, congruence of the joint surfaces, and forces transmitted during weight bearing that are balanced by the joint capsule and trabecular bone structure. Motion occurs through tilting and rotation of the pelvis on a fixed femur. Surrounding muscles provide dynamic stability and control movement.
67biomechanicsofhipjointvikram-170214154450.pptx
1) The biomechanics of the hip joint were discussed, including the structure of the hip joint, angles of the femur, and motions of the pelvis on the femur.
2) Key structural aspects like the acetabulum, femoral head, labrum, and angles of inclination and torsion were defined. Motions at the hip include flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation.
3) In standing, the body weight and ground reaction forces create a force couple across the femoral neck. The trabecular bone structure and hip muscles work together to support the weight of the body.
BIOMECHANICS OF HIP JOINT BY Dr. VIKRAM
1) The hip joint is a ball-and-socket joint that allows flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation. It supports the weight of the head, arms, and trunk.
2) The hip joint is made up of the femoral head articulating with the acetabulum. Several ligaments and the acetabular labrum provide stability to the joint. The angle of the femoral neck and torsion of the femur also affect biomechanics.
3) During standing and walking, forces from the body weight and ground reaction force act on the hip joint and femoral neck. A system of trabeculae in the femoral neck adapt to these forces. Muscles around the
Spine Examination And Scoliosis
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Orthopedics 5th year, 3rd lecture (Dr. Ali A.Nabi)
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Conformation Quiz #1
- 1. CONFORMATION QUIZ #1
- 2. WHAT’S WRONG WITH THIS PICTURE?
- 3. PASTERN ANGLE The angles of shoulder, pastern and hoof determine shock absorption Too little angle causes concussion Too much results in breakdown of the soft tissue structures of the leg The shoulder and the pastern should be the same angle. 45 degrees is ideal
- 4. WHY DOES PASTERN ANGLE MATTER? Upright pasterns results in increases concussion of joints and the heels of the foot. Diseases associated with upright pasterns include: Arthritis (Degenerative Joint Disease) Navicular Syndrome Underrun heels Upright pasterns lead to a short choppy gait which is uncomfortable for the rider as well as the horse.
- 5. THE WEIGHT OF THE HORSE SHOULD FALL BEHIND THE HEELS
- 6. WEIGHT OVER THE HEELS Upright conformation forces all the weight onto the heels and the navicular bone
Editor's Notes
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