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The gain flatness of EDFA plays a very critical role in DWDM system applications in all optical network design. The main purpose of this paper is to achieve gain flatness for 32 channels in order to equalize amplitude gain of DWDM system. This system is simulated using Opti system software to achieve gain flatness of EDFA through variation of EDFA pump power and input power of system. The gains are flattened within 41±0.9 dB from Wavelength range 1546 to 1560 nm having noise figure less than 8dB, Optimized EDFA fiber length of 6.245 m and frequency spacing between channels is 0.4 nm simultaneously amplified in a EDFA of single stage. The working model consists of WDM transmitter , MUX, Pump laser, dual port WDM analyzer and EDFA as key components
5 Simulation of Gain flattening 32 channels EDFA-DWDM Optical System
5 Simulation of Gain flattening 32 channels EDFA-DWDM Optical System
INFOGAIN PUBLICATION
IOSR Journal of Engineering (IOSR-JEN) Volume 4 Issue 10 Version 2
C041021924
C041021924
IOSR-JEN
In this paper, Gain Flatness and Noise Figure of Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) have been investigated in 16-channels Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM). Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) is used in C-band with the aim to achieve flat EDFA output gain. The proposed model has been studied in detail to evaluate and to enhance the performance of the transmission system in terms of gain, noise figure and eye diagram of the received signals. To that end, various design parameters have been investigated and optimized, such as frequency spacing, EDF length and temperature. To enhance the transmission system performance in terms of gain flatness, the Gain Flattening Filter (GFF) has been introduced in the design. To prove the efficiency of the new design, the optical transmission system with optimized design parameters has been compared with a previous works in the literature. The simulation results show satisfactory performance with quasi-equalized gain for each channel of the WDM transmission system.
Gain Flatness and Noise Figure Optimization of C-Band EDFA in 16-channels WDM...
Gain Flatness and Noise Figure Optimization of C-Band EDFA in 16-channels WDM...
Yayah Zakaria
The development of telecommunications networks is currently dominated by fiber optics. The fiber optic has become a waveguide medium transmitting information with high frequency bands, high capacity and high speed. An optical amplifier is required to maintain electromagnetic signals when they propagate in far distance. One of the amplifiers, Fiber Raman Amplifiers (FRA) which is the light scattering from the light that comes with the phonon in the lattice of amplification medium produces photons that are coherent with the incoming photons. Many amplifiers are commonly used but the problems not only come from the amplifier but also the component circuit and system. By simulation method, FRA circuit is designed and operated in the form of pre-amplifiers to maintain a better signal from material interference and geometry. The simulation results show that the lowest BER value and the highest Q-factor are found at a distance of 10 km depicted by eye diagram.
Raman amplifier performance in pre-amplifier use for optical fiber communicat...
Raman amplifier performance in pre-amplifier use for optical fiber communicat...
TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
This paper introduces the non linear optical effect known as four wave mixing (FWM). In wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) systems four wave mixing can strongly affect the transmission performance on an optical link. As a result it is important to investigate the impact of FWM on the design and performance of WDM optical communication systems. The main objective of this paper is to analyze the FWM power for different values of fiber length and dispersion by designing and simulating a model in Optisim. In this paper, we have simulated the FWM design for three waves. The results obtained show that when the optical fiber length and dispersion value is increased FWM effect reduces. This result confirms that the fiber nonlinearities play decisive role in the WDM.
Available online at [www.ijeete.com]EFFECT OF DISPERSION AND FIBER LENGTH ON ...
Available online at [www.ijeete.com]EFFECT OF DISPERSION AND FIBER LENGTH ON ...
Ankur Bindal
As we know Optical communication Network offers very high potential bandwidth and flexibility. In terms of high bit-rate transmission. However, their performance slows down due to some parameter like dispersion, attenuation, scattering. In long haul application, dispersion is the main parameter which needs to be compensated in order to provide better service. Fiber Braggs Grating (FBG) is one of the most widely used element to compensate it, however its performance slows down with the increase in distance. This paper presents an investigation on Pulse distortions due to the third-order dispersion (TOD) on very high speed long distance single mode optical fiber communication system using OptiSystem. Presence of the TOD introduces broadening on the propagating pulse. The impact of TOD is observed at the receiving end of transmission line considering the variation of different factors such as transmission reach, bit rate, duty cycle.BER performance are also considered here.
EFFECT OF TOD AND GVD IN LONG-HAUL OFC SYSTEM
EFFECT OF TOD AND GVD IN LONG-HAUL OFC SYSTEM
International Journal of Technical Research & Application
optical coupler
Optical components
Optical components
xavier engg college mahim
https://www.irjet.net/archives/V6/i8/IRJET-V6I8144.pdf
IRJET- Regeneration Analysis using Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier
IRJET- Regeneration Analysis using Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier
IRJET Journal
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The gain flatness of EDFA plays a very critical role in DWDM system applications in all optical network design. The main purpose of this paper is to achieve gain flatness for 32 channels in order to equalize amplitude gain of DWDM system. This system is simulated using Opti system software to achieve gain flatness of EDFA through variation of EDFA pump power and input power of system. The gains are flattened within 41±0.9 dB from Wavelength range 1546 to 1560 nm having noise figure less than 8dB, Optimized EDFA fiber length of 6.245 m and frequency spacing between channels is 0.4 nm simultaneously amplified in a EDFA of single stage. The working model consists of WDM transmitter , MUX, Pump laser, dual port WDM analyzer and EDFA as key components
5 Simulation of Gain flattening 32 channels EDFA-DWDM Optical System
5 Simulation of Gain flattening 32 channels EDFA-DWDM Optical System
INFOGAIN PUBLICATION
IOSR Journal of Engineering (IOSR-JEN) Volume 4 Issue 10 Version 2
C041021924
C041021924
IOSR-JEN
In this paper, Gain Flatness and Noise Figure of Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) have been investigated in 16-channels Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM). Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) is used in C-band with the aim to achieve flat EDFA output gain. The proposed model has been studied in detail to evaluate and to enhance the performance of the transmission system in terms of gain, noise figure and eye diagram of the received signals. To that end, various design parameters have been investigated and optimized, such as frequency spacing, EDF length and temperature. To enhance the transmission system performance in terms of gain flatness, the Gain Flattening Filter (GFF) has been introduced in the design. To prove the efficiency of the new design, the optical transmission system with optimized design parameters has been compared with a previous works in the literature. The simulation results show satisfactory performance with quasi-equalized gain for each channel of the WDM transmission system.
Gain Flatness and Noise Figure Optimization of C-Band EDFA in 16-channels WDM...
Gain Flatness and Noise Figure Optimization of C-Band EDFA in 16-channels WDM...
Yayah Zakaria
The development of telecommunications networks is currently dominated by fiber optics. The fiber optic has become a waveguide medium transmitting information with high frequency bands, high capacity and high speed. An optical amplifier is required to maintain electromagnetic signals when they propagate in far distance. One of the amplifiers, Fiber Raman Amplifiers (FRA) which is the light scattering from the light that comes with the phonon in the lattice of amplification medium produces photons that are coherent with the incoming photons. Many amplifiers are commonly used but the problems not only come from the amplifier but also the component circuit and system. By simulation method, FRA circuit is designed and operated in the form of pre-amplifiers to maintain a better signal from material interference and geometry. The simulation results show that the lowest BER value and the highest Q-factor are found at a distance of 10 km depicted by eye diagram.
Raman amplifier performance in pre-amplifier use for optical fiber communicat...
Raman amplifier performance in pre-amplifier use for optical fiber communicat...
TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
This paper introduces the non linear optical effect known as four wave mixing (FWM). In wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) systems four wave mixing can strongly affect the transmission performance on an optical link. As a result it is important to investigate the impact of FWM on the design and performance of WDM optical communication systems. The main objective of this paper is to analyze the FWM power for different values of fiber length and dispersion by designing and simulating a model in Optisim. In this paper, we have simulated the FWM design for three waves. The results obtained show that when the optical fiber length and dispersion value is increased FWM effect reduces. This result confirms that the fiber nonlinearities play decisive role in the WDM.
Available online at [www.ijeete.com]EFFECT OF DISPERSION AND FIBER LENGTH ON ...
Available online at [www.ijeete.com]EFFECT OF DISPERSION AND FIBER LENGTH ON ...
Ankur Bindal
As we know Optical communication Network offers very high potential bandwidth and flexibility. In terms of high bit-rate transmission. However, their performance slows down due to some parameter like dispersion, attenuation, scattering. In long haul application, dispersion is the main parameter which needs to be compensated in order to provide better service. Fiber Braggs Grating (FBG) is one of the most widely used element to compensate it, however its performance slows down with the increase in distance. This paper presents an investigation on Pulse distortions due to the third-order dispersion (TOD) on very high speed long distance single mode optical fiber communication system using OptiSystem. Presence of the TOD introduces broadening on the propagating pulse. The impact of TOD is observed at the receiving end of transmission line considering the variation of different factors such as transmission reach, bit rate, duty cycle.BER performance are also considered here.
EFFECT OF TOD AND GVD IN LONG-HAUL OFC SYSTEM
EFFECT OF TOD AND GVD IN LONG-HAUL OFC SYSTEM
International Journal of Technical Research & Application
optical coupler
Optical components
Optical components
xavier engg college mahim
https://www.irjet.net/archives/V6/i8/IRJET-V6I8144.pdf
IRJET- Regeneration Analysis using Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier
IRJET- Regeneration Analysis using Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier
IRJET Journal
The Performance Analysis Fiber Optic Dispersion on OFDM-QAM System
The Performance Analysis Fiber Optic Dispersion on OFDM-QAM System
The Performance Analysis Fiber Optic Dispersion on OFDM-QAM System
nadia abd
Abstract : In this paper, We investigate post, pre and symmetrical/mix dispersion compensation methods for 40 Gb/s non-return to zero link using standard and dispersion compensated fiber through FBG compensator to optimize high data rate optical transmission. The influence of dispersion of FBG compensator and increases in the power of CW laser has been studied to evaluate the performance of optical communication systems. The simulation model of the WDM based on the Optisystem 11.0 is presented according to the above principle. The simulation results are validated by analysing the Q-factor and Bit error rate (BER) in the numerical simulator. It is found that post compensation performance is best and the input fiber power is taken as 5-10dB, the corresponding BER performance is better. Keywords - BER, Dispersion compensation, Q-factor, WDM.
Performance Analysis of Dispersion Compensation in Long Haul Optical Fiber wi...
Performance Analysis of Dispersion Compensation in Long Haul Optical Fiber wi...
IOSR Journals
IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering(IOSR-JECE) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of electronics and communication engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in electronics and communication engineering. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Gain Analysis of EDF Amplifier Based WDM System Using Different Pumping Wavel...
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iosrjce
Analog and digital modulation formats of optical fiber communication within a...
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IAEME Publication
The need for larger capacities in long haul optical digital transmission lead to greater channel density which can be achieved by wavelength division multiplexing and increasing the bit rate of each channel. As data rates increases, certain phenomena such as dispersion began to show up as obstacles. At higher bit rates beyond 2.5Gbps polarization mode dispersion (PMD) becomes a main factor in the degradation of the transmission characteristics. PMD occurs when slightly different planes of light inside a fiber travel at slightly different speeds and make it impossible to transmit data reliably at high speed in single mode fibers. PMD is caused due to optical birefringence in the fiber due to which the two modes within a single mode fiber travel with different group velocities and the random change of this birefringence along the fiber length results in random coupling between the modes. This effect of PMD results in broadening of transmitted pulses that limit the transmission capacity of the fiber. In high-speed optical communication systems working at data rates of 10Gbps and beyond, signal distortion caused by PMD is also a major limitation of the transmission distance. This paper intends to analyze the performance of PMD compensation by optical compensation technique and using DCF in a two channel WDM system. The analysis is done through eye diagrams from which the Q value and bit error rate can be determined by simulating with OptSim5.3, which includes the latest simulation algorithms to guarantee the highest possible accuracy and real world results
Comparison of PMD Compensation in WDM Systems
Comparison of PMD Compensation in WDM Systems
IOSR Journals
In this paper we have designed and implemented an all optical tunable delay element using the combination of wavelength conversion and fiber dispersion. We present wavelength conversion method that show with FWM. The characteristics of the proposed all optical based techniques for tunable delay element are discussed theoretically and demonstrated experimentally. This element operates near 1550nm and generates delay time range is 2430ps. Pyae Phyo Swe | Tin Tin Ohn "Design and Implementation of All-Optical Tunable Delay by the Combination of Wavelength Conversion and Fiber Dispersion" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd27874.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/27874/design-and-implementation-of-all-optical-tunable-delay-by-the-combination-of-wavelength-conversion-and-fiber-dispersion/pyae-phyo-swe
Design and Implementation of All Optical Tunable Delay by the Combination of ...
Design and Implementation of All Optical Tunable Delay by the Combination of ...
ijtsrd
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
I41035057
I41035057
IJERA Editor
Abstract This article covers optical power measurement of light signal in DWDM network and debugging of optical power as per the specifications of DWDM system with fix gain amplifier. The measurement and calculations of each component of DWDM system is discussed individually. Optical power of individual optical channel, aggregate optical power of multiplexed signals, relation with amplifier gain, insertion loss and attenuation on signal are the key factors involved in design and operation of DWDM system. From transmitter to receiver, the working performance of the DWDM system depends on the optical strength of input light signal should be as per specifications of its components. A description of input and output optical power of light signal of each DWDM component and its relationship is discussed. If there is any deviation as per specifications is observed, process to calculate deviation and debug is given with working example in this article. Keywords: Dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM), Optical MUX/DEMUX, Optical transmitters/receivers, Optical amplifiers, Optical Fiber, Optical power, Attenuation, Optical Power Debugging
Optical power debugging in dwdm system having fixed gain amplifiers
Optical power debugging in dwdm system having fixed gain amplifiers
eSAT Journals
That was presented in JNU by Dr. Ved Nath Jha
Extinction ratio and its effect on the nonlinearity in optical fiber networks...
Extinction ratio and its effect on the nonlinearity in optical fiber networks...
Dr. Ved Nath Jha
One major drawback associated with an OFDM system is that the transmitter’s output signal may have a high peak-to-average ratio (PAPR). High levels of PAR may be a limiting factor for power line communication (PLC) where regulatory bodies have fixed the maximum amount of transmit power. To overcome this problem, many approaches have been presented in the literature. One potential solution for reducing the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) in an OFDM system is to utilize a constant envelope OFDM (CE-OFDM) system. This paper describes a CE-OFDM based modem for Power Line Communications (PLC) over the low voltage distribution network. The impact of the electrical appliances on the signal transmission is investigated. The good performances of the BER have been checked by the simulation platform of real PLC channel using Matlab. Finally, CE-OFDM-CPM is compared with conventional OFDM under HomePlug AV.
Performance Evaluation of CE-OFDM in PLC Channel
Performance Evaluation of CE-OFDM in PLC Channel
CSCJournals
Volume 10, Issue 6, Ver. II (Nov - Dec .2015)
P01062114120
P01062114120
IOSR Journals
Explosive growth of broadband multimedia applications, such as high-definition television (HDTV), video on demand (VOD) and interactive games imposed a huge demand for bandwidth on the access network. The potential bandwidth of optical communication system is driving force behind the worldwide development and deployment of light wave system but dispersion limits the system performance in terms of high speed optical communication. In this paper different dispersion compensation methods are discussed, which are based on Chirped Fiber Grating (CFG), Dispersion Compensation Fibers (DCF), Self Phase Modulation (SPM ) resulting from Kerr nonlinearity to overcome pulse broadening effect of Group Velocity Dispersion (GVD), which eventually have direct implication on the data transmission capability on optical fiber communication link.
Enhancing the Data Transmission Capability on Optical Fiber Communication Lin...
Enhancing the Data Transmission Capability on Optical Fiber Communication Lin...
IOSRJECE
Disclosed is an optical fiber comprising a center core which forms a passageway for transmitting optical signals and has a refractive index N1, and a cladding which encloses the center core and has a refractive index N0. The optical fiber further comprises an upper core, which has a distribution of refractive indices increased starting from a refractive index N2 (>N0) at its outer circumference to the refractive index N1 at its internal circumference, and a minutely depressed refractive index region, which is interposed between said upper core and cladding and has a refractive index N3. The refractive index N3 is lower than the refractive index N0.
Dispersion Modified Optical Fiber
Dispersion Modified Optical Fiber
hassaanashraf1
In the distributed transmit antenna MIMO OFDM system, each transmitting antenna has different frequency offset between each transmitting antenna and receiver due to the use of independent crystal oscillator. This paper proposes Polynomial-time algorithm for correcting the frequency offset in a received signal by maximizing the conditional average signal. The algorithm focus on reducing to interference and noise ratio of each subcarrier on the receiving antenna by frequency offset. The simulation result shows the performance of the proposed algorithm is slightly improved compared with the existing frequency offset correction algorithm, and the complexity is reduced by 50% or more.
Minimize MIMO OFDM interference and noise ratio using polynomial-time algorit...
Minimize MIMO OFDM interference and noise ratio using polynomial-time algorit...
IJECEIAES
Model 10 mark answer jan 12 a&p
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Abstract : In this paper, We investigate post, pre and symmetrical/mix dispersion compensation methods for 40 Gb/s non-return to zero link using standard and dispersion compensated fiber through FBG compensator to optimize high data rate optical transmission. The influence of dispersion of FBG compensator and increases in the power of CW laser has been studied to evaluate the performance of optical communication systems. The simulation model of the WDM based on the Optisystem 11.0 is presented according to the above principle. The simulation results are validated by analysing the Q-factor and Bit error rate (BER) in the numerical simulator. It is found that post compensation performance is best and the input fiber power is taken as 5-10dB, the corresponding BER performance is better. Keywords - BER, Dispersion compensation, Q-factor, WDM.
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The need for larger capacities in long haul optical digital transmission lead to greater channel density which can be achieved by wavelength division multiplexing and increasing the bit rate of each channel. As data rates increases, certain phenomena such as dispersion began to show up as obstacles. At higher bit rates beyond 2.5Gbps polarization mode dispersion (PMD) becomes a main factor in the degradation of the transmission characteristics. PMD occurs when slightly different planes of light inside a fiber travel at slightly different speeds and make it impossible to transmit data reliably at high speed in single mode fibers. PMD is caused due to optical birefringence in the fiber due to which the two modes within a single mode fiber travel with different group velocities and the random change of this birefringence along the fiber length results in random coupling between the modes. This effect of PMD results in broadening of transmitted pulses that limit the transmission capacity of the fiber. In high-speed optical communication systems working at data rates of 10Gbps and beyond, signal distortion caused by PMD is also a major limitation of the transmission distance. This paper intends to analyze the performance of PMD compensation by optical compensation technique and using DCF in a two channel WDM system. The analysis is done through eye diagrams from which the Q value and bit error rate can be determined by simulating with OptSim5.3, which includes the latest simulation algorithms to guarantee the highest possible accuracy and real world results
Comparison of PMD Compensation in WDM Systems
Comparison of PMD Compensation in WDM Systems
IOSR Journals
In this paper we have designed and implemented an all optical tunable delay element using the combination of wavelength conversion and fiber dispersion. We present wavelength conversion method that show with FWM. The characteristics of the proposed all optical based techniques for tunable delay element are discussed theoretically and demonstrated experimentally. This element operates near 1550nm and generates delay time range is 2430ps. Pyae Phyo Swe | Tin Tin Ohn "Design and Implementation of All-Optical Tunable Delay by the Combination of Wavelength Conversion and Fiber Dispersion" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd27874.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/27874/design-and-implementation-of-all-optical-tunable-delay-by-the-combination-of-wavelength-conversion-and-fiber-dispersion/pyae-phyo-swe
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I41035057
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Abstract This article covers optical power measurement of light signal in DWDM network and debugging of optical power as per the specifications of DWDM system with fix gain amplifier. The measurement and calculations of each component of DWDM system is discussed individually. Optical power of individual optical channel, aggregate optical power of multiplexed signals, relation with amplifier gain, insertion loss and attenuation on signal are the key factors involved in design and operation of DWDM system. From transmitter to receiver, the working performance of the DWDM system depends on the optical strength of input light signal should be as per specifications of its components. A description of input and output optical power of light signal of each DWDM component and its relationship is discussed. If there is any deviation as per specifications is observed, process to calculate deviation and debug is given with working example in this article. Keywords: Dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM), Optical MUX/DEMUX, Optical transmitters/receivers, Optical amplifiers, Optical Fiber, Optical power, Attenuation, Optical Power Debugging
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One major drawback associated with an OFDM system is that the transmitter’s output signal may have a high peak-to-average ratio (PAPR). High levels of PAR may be a limiting factor for power line communication (PLC) where regulatory bodies have fixed the maximum amount of transmit power. To overcome this problem, many approaches have been presented in the literature. One potential solution for reducing the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) in an OFDM system is to utilize a constant envelope OFDM (CE-OFDM) system. This paper describes a CE-OFDM based modem for Power Line Communications (PLC) over the low voltage distribution network. The impact of the electrical appliances on the signal transmission is investigated. The good performances of the BER have been checked by the simulation platform of real PLC channel using Matlab. Finally, CE-OFDM-CPM is compared with conventional OFDM under HomePlug AV.
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Disclosed is an optical fiber comprising a center core which forms a passageway for transmitting optical signals and has a refractive index N1, and a cladding which encloses the center core and has a refractive index N0. The optical fiber further comprises an upper core, which has a distribution of refractive indices increased starting from a refractive index N2 (>N0) at its outer circumference to the refractive index N1 at its internal circumference, and a minutely depressed refractive index region, which is interposed between said upper core and cladding and has a refractive index N3. The refractive index N3 is lower than the refractive index N0.
Dispersion Modified Optical Fiber
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In the distributed transmit antenna MIMO OFDM system, each transmitting antenna has different frequency offset between each transmitting antenna and receiver due to the use of independent crystal oscillator. This paper proposes Polynomial-time algorithm for correcting the frequency offset in a received signal by maximizing the conditional average signal. The algorithm focus on reducing to interference and noise ratio of each subcarrier on the receiving antenna by frequency offset. The simulation result shows the performance of the proposed algorithm is slightly improved compared with the existing frequency offset correction algorithm, and the complexity is reduced by 50% or more.
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ashfieldpe
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ashfieldpe
60440 question-paper-unit-g451-an-introduction-to-physical-education
60440 question-paper-unit-g451-an-introduction-to-physical-education
ashfieldpe
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ashfieldpe
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79463 question-paper-unit-g451-01-an-introduction-to-physical-education
79463 question-paper-unit-g451-01-an-introduction-to-physical-education
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