This document discusses different concepts of health. It defines health according to the World Health Organization as a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being. It then examines four main concepts of health: 1) the biomedical concept which sees health as the absence of disease, 2) the ecological concept which views health as a dynamic equilibrium between humans and their environment, 3) the psychosocial concept which recognizes social and psychological influences on health, and 4) the holistic concept which takes a multidimensional approach recognizing various social, economic, environmental and political influences on an individual's overall well-being.
Socio Cultural Factors Related to Health and Disease Aditya Sharma
Socio Cultural Factors Related to Health and Disease
PPT
Heredity
Environment
Lifestyle
Socio-economic conditions
Health services
Education
Income
Housing
Socio Cultural Factors Related to Health and Disease Aditya Sharma
Socio Cultural Factors Related to Health and Disease
PPT
Heredity
Environment
Lifestyle
Socio-economic conditions
Health services
Education
Income
Housing
concept of health & Illness, health illness continum, prevention and its levels, body defence, health care team, health care delivery system, health care agencies
Definition of health, determinants of health, the galenic concept of health, modern health concepts, biological, ecological, psychological & holistic concept, lastly question-answer session.
Concept of health and disease (concept and definition of health,well being, illness,sickness and disease; philosophy of health; concept and definition of disease; changing concepts of health; dimensions of health; spectrum of health; iceberg phenomenon of disease; responsibility for health: Individual, community, state and international) Concept of causation (germ theory of disease; epidemiological triad; multi-factorial
causation; web of causation; natural history of disease: pre-pathogenesis and pathogenesis phase)Determinants of health
Prevention, its levels in line with phases of disease concurrent to natural history Concept of modes of intervention in different levels of prevention Burden of disease (concept of burden of disease; measurements used in burden of disease: DALY, QALY, YLL, YLD) Indicators of Health (Concept and characteristics of health indicator; Different types of
mortality and morbidity indicators: mortality Indicators-crude death rate; age-specific death rate; infant mortality rate; maternal mortality rate and ratio; Morbidity indicators:
SOCIOLOGY & HEALTH ,SOCIOLOGY, DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH AND DISEASE ,FAMILY ,types of family, SOCIAL GROUPS,
TYPES OF SOCIAL GROUP, SOCIAL CLASS, WESTERN WAY OF DIVIDING SOCIETY ,OUR WAY OF DIVIDING SOCIETY,
GENDER ,CHILD REARING PRACTICE ,TYPES OF PARENTING,
A brief presentation on the Concept of Health and Wellbeing. (data till 2019)
it may be useful for MBBS undergraduate and postgraduate of Community Medicine/ Preventive and social medicine.
concept of health & Illness, health illness continum, prevention and its levels, body defence, health care team, health care delivery system, health care agencies
Definition of health, determinants of health, the galenic concept of health, modern health concepts, biological, ecological, psychological & holistic concept, lastly question-answer session.
Concept of health and disease (concept and definition of health,well being, illness,sickness and disease; philosophy of health; concept and definition of disease; changing concepts of health; dimensions of health; spectrum of health; iceberg phenomenon of disease; responsibility for health: Individual, community, state and international) Concept of causation (germ theory of disease; epidemiological triad; multi-factorial
causation; web of causation; natural history of disease: pre-pathogenesis and pathogenesis phase)Determinants of health
Prevention, its levels in line with phases of disease concurrent to natural history Concept of modes of intervention in different levels of prevention Burden of disease (concept of burden of disease; measurements used in burden of disease: DALY, QALY, YLL, YLD) Indicators of Health (Concept and characteristics of health indicator; Different types of
mortality and morbidity indicators: mortality Indicators-crude death rate; age-specific death rate; infant mortality rate; maternal mortality rate and ratio; Morbidity indicators:
SOCIOLOGY & HEALTH ,SOCIOLOGY, DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH AND DISEASE ,FAMILY ,types of family, SOCIAL GROUPS,
TYPES OF SOCIAL GROUP, SOCIAL CLASS, WESTERN WAY OF DIVIDING SOCIETY ,OUR WAY OF DIVIDING SOCIETY,
GENDER ,CHILD REARING PRACTICE ,TYPES OF PARENTING,
A brief presentation on the Concept of Health and Wellbeing. (data till 2019)
it may be useful for MBBS undergraduate and postgraduate of Community Medicine/ Preventive and social medicine.
concept of health and disease, public health.pptxVarshaTambe6
This topic is a part of Social and Preventive Pharmacy subject of Final year B. Pharm. This PPT will help students to clear their concept related to health and disease.
contains the syllabus point of health disease and epidemiology. ayueveda and modern perscpectives. covers syllabus point of paper 1 topic 1 and complete epidemiology paper 2 swasthavritta and yoga subject in BAMS, useful for MD students also
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Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
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These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
Anti ulcer drugs and their Advance pharmacology ||
Anti-ulcer drugs are medications used to prevent and treat ulcers in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine (duodenal ulcers). These ulcers are often caused by an imbalance between stomach acid and the mucosal lining, which protects the stomach lining.
||Scope: Overview of various classes of anti-ulcer drugs, their mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and clinical considerations.
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
1. Concept of Health
Mr. Namdeo Shinde,
Assistant Professor,
Department of Pharmaceutics,
Satara College of Pharmacy, Degaon Satara
Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Technological University, Raigad, Lonere
MS India
4. Definition ofhealth
TheWorld Health Organization (WHO)
defines “Health is a state of complete
physical, mental and social well being
and not merely the absence of disease
or infirmity”.
5. DEFINITIONS OFHEALTH
“The condition of being sound in body, mind
or spirit especially freedom from physical
disease or pain.” -Webster
“Soundness of body or mind that
condition in which its are dulyand
efficiently discharged .” - OxfordEnglish
Dictionary
6. ”
The soundness of body and mind is called Health.
A healthy person is one who is physically
and mentally fit in all respects.
Good health makes a man happy and
cheerful but some-times a healthy person
can also fall ill.
Person may get diseases like Viral fever,
Malaria etc.
The illness(or sickness) is called disease.
7. Characteristics of good health.
• The person has capability to do work.
• The person feels himself efficient to
take decisions and work accordingly .
• The person remains in sound mental
condition.
• The person remain free from any
disease.
• The person does not suffer from mental
tension.
8. Requirements of good health
We all know that , Good health essential for
Leading purposeful life.
For maintaning a good health
following conditions are essential.
1. Nutrition
2. Exercise and rest
3. Good habits
9. Nutrition
Nutritive materials provide energy to work.
A man should take care of following factors
for maintaining his good health:-
1. Taking rest in time.
2. Eating balanced diet.
3. Should take bath daily.
4. Food should be fresh. etc
10. Factors affecting Health:-
1. Social and economic factors
2. Environmental factors
3. Personal factors
4. Hereditary factors
11. Social and economic factors
There are many social factors which affects our
health.
For example,superstition,religious and social
beliefs etc.
In absence of proper treatment and care, effect
of disease can make the patient serious.
12. Environmental factors
The environment in which a man lives,
can also affect his health.
Environmental factors may be further
divided into two parts:-
(a) Internal factors
(b) External factors
13. Personal factors
Some personal factors also affects our health.
Ex- eating and sleeping, tension, refrain from
taking regular exercise etc.can make a healthy
person ill.
14. Hereditary factors
Some diseases like colorblindness,haemophilia
Diabetes etc.transfer from one generation to
other Generation, these situations called
hereditary-factors.
16. Physical Health
It means adequate body weight, height and
circumference as per age and sex with
acceptable level of vision, hearing,
locomotion or movements, acceptable levels
of pulse rate, blood pressure, respiratory
rate,chest circumference, head
circumference, waist hip ratio.
17. It means The body structure and functions
confirming to laid down standards within the
range of normal development and functions of
all the systems.
18. A good complexion
Clean skin
bright eyes
lustrous hairs
body with firm flush
not too fat
Sweet breath
Sign of physical health
19. Good appetite
Sound sleep
Regular activity of bowel and bladder
Smooth easily coordinated bodily
movements
All organs of normal size and functioning
normally
Pulse rate, BP exercise tolerance within
normal ranges
Signs of physical health
20. Self assessment of overall health
Inquiry into symptom of ill health risk
factors
Inquiry into Medication
Inquiry into Fitness
Inquiry into Medical services
Clinical examination
Nutrition & dietary assessment
Evaluation of physical health
21. Mental health is not mere absence of mental
illness
Ability to respond to varied experiences of life
“ a state of balance between the individual and
surrounding world, a state of harmony between
oneself and others coexistencebetween the
relatives of the self andthat of other people and
that of the environment”.
Mental Health
22. A mentally normal person has the ability to
mix up with others, he/she makes friendship,
behaves in a balanced manner, keeps himself
tidy and observes adequate personal hygiene,
well oriented to time, place and person and
environments and he is unduly not suspicious of
others.
23. Characteristics of Mentally healthy person :
Free from internal conflicts
Well adjusted
Searches for identity
Strong sense of self-esteem
Knows himself, his needs, problems and goals
Good self control
Coping with stress and anxiety
Mental well being
24. It means ability of a person to adjust with
others in his social life, at home, at work
place and with people. Men interact with
men and they inter-relate and inter
depend on each other and pay their
effective role in accordance with a
situation.
Social Health
25. Harmony and integration a) within the
individual b) between each individual and
other members of the society c) between
individuals and world in which they live
Definition :- Quantity and quality of an
individual’s interpersonal ties and the
extent of involvement with the community
Social Dimension
26. Possession of social skills,
social functioning
Ability to see oneself as a member of
community
Focuses on social and economic
conditions
Characteristic of social health
27. Spiritual health is connected with religious beliefs
and practices. It also deals withpersonal creeds,
principles of behavior and waysof achieving peace
of mind and being at peacewith oneself.
Itis intangible “something” that transcends
physiology and psychology.
It includes integrity, principle and ethics, the
purpose of life, commitment to some higher
being, belief in the concepts that are not
subject to “state of art” explanation.
Spiritual Health
28. The emotional dimension of wellness
emphasizes an awareness and acceptance of
one's feelings
Emotional Dimension
29. Work – fully adapted to human goals,
capacities and limitations
Work often plays a role in promoting both
physical and mental health
Sudden loss of Job / after Retirement
Vocational Dimension :
31. Concept OfHealth
• An understanding of health is the basis of all
the health care.
• Health is not perceived the same way by all
the members of a community including
various professional groups (likebiomedical
scientists, social scientists, health
administrators, ecologists) giving rise to
confusion about the concept ofhealth.
32. • Health has evolved over the centuries from the
concept of individual concern to a worldwide
social goal.
• The variouschanging concepts of health as
follows:
1.Biomedical concept
2.Ecological concept
3.Psychosocial concept
4.Holistic concept
33. 1. Biomedicalconcept
• Traditionally health has been considered as an
absence of the diseases and if someone was
free from disease, then that person was
considered healthy.
• This concept is known as biomedical concept,
and it is based on the “germ theoryof the
disease.”
34. • Health means “absence ofdisease.”
• The medical profession viewed the human body
as a machine and disease is an outcome of the
breakdown of the machine, and one of the
doctor’s tasks was to repair the machine.
• This concept has minimized the role of the
environment, social and cultural determinantsof
the health.
35. • Developments in medical and socialsciences
led to the conclusion that the biomedical
concept of health wasinadequate
36. 2. Ecological Concept
• Deficiencies in the biomedical concept gaverise
to other concepts.
• The ecologists put forward theconcept of
ecological concept.
• Ecologists viewed health as a dynamic equilibrium
between man and his environment, and the
disease as a maladjustment of the human
organism toenvironment.
37. 3. Psychosocial Concept
•Advances in social sciences showed that health is
not only a biomedical phenomenon, but one which
is influenced by social, psychological, cultural,
economic and political factors of the people
concerned.
•These factors must be taken into consideration in
defining and measuringhealth.
•Thus health is both a biological and social
phenomenon
38. 4. Holistic Concept
• The holistic model is a synthesis of all the above
concepts.
•Holistic concept recognizes the strength of
social, economic, political and environmental
influences on health.
•It has been variously described as
multidimensional process involving thewellbeing
of the person asa whole.
•The emphasis is on the promotion and
protection of health.
39. • The holistic approach implies that all sectors of
the society have an effect on health, in particular
,
agriculture, animal husbandry, food, industry,
education, housing, public works and other
sectors.