COMPUTER AND ITS APPLICATION: PROCESS OF MEMORY
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The document discusses computer memory and its applications. It defines computer as an electronic device that processes information and defines two types of application software: systems software and application software. It describes the process of computer memory, dividing it into primary and secondary memory. Primary memory includes RAM and ROM, which are located directly on the motherboard. Secondary memory includes storage devices like hard disks, CDs, DVDs, USB drives, and Blu-ray discs, which provide permanent storage. The document outlines the uses of computer memory in education such as storing books, notes, documents, and video lectures as well as creating databases.
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There are two main components of a computer - hardware and software. Hardware refers to the physical parts of the computer like the monitor, keyboard, mouse, disk drives, and memory. Software refers to the set of instructions that tells the hardware what tasks to perform and includes operating systems and programs.
Memory devices
Memory devices can be categorized as primary storage or secondary storage. Primary storage includes RAM and ROM. RAM is used to temporarily store data and programs being processed by the CPU. ROM permanently stores basic input/output programs like the BIOS. Secondary storage devices store data externally and include USB flash drives, external hard disks, optical disks like CDs/DVDs, memory cards, and online storage services. Common online storage services are DriveHQ, Dropbox, OpenDrive, SpideOak, and ZumoDrive.
Storing data
1. Backing storage devices like magnetic tapes, floppy disk drives, and hard disk drives are used to store programs and data when not in active use or when the computer is turned off. Main memory temporarily stores programs and data being used.
2. Computer memory is measured in bytes, with one byte made up of eight bits that can store one character. Larger units of measurement include kilobytes, megabytes, and gigabytes.
3. Hard disk drives can store gigabytes of data and allow faster access than floppy disks, which typically store 1.44 megabytes. Floppy disks and hard disks allow direct access to data while magnetic tapes only allow sequential access.
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Memory of a computer
The document summarizes the different types of computer memory. It discusses that memory is used to store data and instructions and can retrieve information when needed. It defines the basic unit of memory as a bit, which can have a value of 0 or 1. There are two main types of computer memory: primary/internal memory and secondary/external memory. Primary memory includes ROM and RAM, which are fixed inside the CPU and used for temporary data/instructions. Secondary memory refers to external storage devices like hard disks, CDs, DVDs, and pen drives, which are used to store large volumes of data.
Storage devices homework (easy)
Hard disk is best for saving an English project to work on again tomorrow, transferring work between laptop and desktop, and backing up folders. CD or tape is best for saving a computer game to be sold in shops. Internal memory is measured in megabytes, a floppy disk holds 1.44 megabytes, and hard drive capacity is measured in gigabytes. It is not good to store all work on floppy disks because floppy disks have very limited storage and data can easily be lost or corrupted on floppy disks.
Computer memory
Memory is an essential part of computers that is used to store data and information. There are different units used to measure computer memory, such as bits, bytes, kilobytes, megabytes, and gigabytes. Memory can be classified into primary and secondary memory. Primary memory, also known as main memory or internal memory, is located on the motherboard and includes RAM and ROM. Secondary memory is where long-term storage of data occurs on devices that allow both sequential and direct access, such as magnetic tapes, disks, and optical disks.
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There are two main components of a computer - hardware and software. Hardware refers to the physical parts of the computer like the monitor, keyboard, mouse, disk drives, and memory. Software refers to the set of instructions that tells the hardware what tasks to perform and includes operating systems and programs.
Memory devices
Memory devices can be categorized as primary storage or secondary storage. Primary storage includes RAM and ROM. RAM is used to temporarily store data and programs being processed by the CPU. ROM permanently stores basic input/output programs like the BIOS. Secondary storage devices store data externally and include USB flash drives, external hard disks, optical disks like CDs/DVDs, memory cards, and online storage services. Common online storage services are DriveHQ, Dropbox, OpenDrive, SpideOak, and ZumoDrive.
Storing data
1. Backing storage devices like magnetic tapes, floppy disk drives, and hard disk drives are used to store programs and data when not in active use or when the computer is turned off. Main memory temporarily stores programs and data being used.
2. Computer memory is measured in bytes, with one byte made up of eight bits that can store one character. Larger units of measurement include kilobytes, megabytes, and gigabytes.
3. Hard disk drives can store gigabytes of data and allow faster access than floppy disks, which typically store 1.44 megabytes. Floppy disks and hard disks allow direct access to data while magnetic tapes only allow sequential access.
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Memory of a computer
The document summarizes the different types of computer memory. It discusses that memory is used to store data and instructions and can retrieve information when needed. It defines the basic unit of memory as a bit, which can have a value of 0 or 1. There are two main types of computer memory: primary/internal memory and secondary/external memory. Primary memory includes ROM and RAM, which are fixed inside the CPU and used for temporary data/instructions. Secondary memory refers to external storage devices like hard disks, CDs, DVDs, and pen drives, which are used to store large volumes of data.
Storage devices homework (easy)
Hard disk is best for saving an English project to work on again tomorrow, transferring work between laptop and desktop, and backing up folders. CD or tape is best for saving a computer game to be sold in shops. Internal memory is measured in megabytes, a floppy disk holds 1.44 megabytes, and hard drive capacity is measured in gigabytes. It is not good to store all work on floppy disks because floppy disks have very limited storage and data can easily be lost or corrupted on floppy disks.
Computer memory
Memory is an essential part of computers that is used to store data and information. There are different units used to measure computer memory, such as bits, bytes, kilobytes, megabytes, and gigabytes. Memory can be classified into primary and secondary memory. Primary memory, also known as main memory or internal memory, is located on the motherboard and includes RAM and ROM. Secondary memory is where long-term storage of data occurs on devices that allow both sequential and direct access, such as magnetic tapes, disks, and optical disks.
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The CPU processes all information in the computer and must be compatible with the motherboard to function properly. The motherboard connects all components and has slots for RAM, expansion cards, and the CPU. RAM and ROM are forms of memory, with RAM allowing for random access of stored data and coming in types like DRAM and DDR. Adapter cards can be inserted into expansion slots on the motherboard to add features, while sound cards produce sound. Hard drives are common storage devices that can be partitioned for backups, and USBs allow removable storage.
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2. RAM temporarily stores programs and data being used and is wiped when powered off, while ROM permanently stores the startup program and is not wiped when powered off.
3. Common backing storage devices include hard disks for large permanent storage, USB drives for portable storage, and optical discs like CDs and DVDs to store large amounts of read-only or writeable data.
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The document discusses computer memory and storage devices. It defines memory as the space for temporarily storing data and information. Primary memory (RAM and ROM) is directly connected to the CPU, while secondary storage devices like hard disks, floppy disks, CDs, DVDs, and tapes are used to permanently store data. RAM is volatile and requires power, while ROM is non-volatile and can only be read from. Common units for measuring memory are bits, bytes, kilobytes, megabytes, and gigabytes. The document then describes different types of primary and secondary storage devices and their characteristics.
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Primary memory like RAM can be read and written to and is used to store operating systems and active programs and files. ROM is read-only and stores boot programs. Secondary storage like hard disks and USB drives stores inactive programs and files long-term as it is non-volatile. Buffers temporarily store data during transfers between devices like printers and memory that operate at different speeds, allowing the processor to do other tasks, while interrupts signal the processor to refill buffers.
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Computer memory is divided into primary and secondary memory. Primary memory, like RAM, allows direct access by the CPU and is volatile. Secondary memory, like hard disks, is permanent but requires accessing through primary memory. RAM is temporary memory that stores active data and instructions, while ROM contains permanent, unalterable instructions for starting the computer. Secondary memory devices store data permanently and include hard disks, CDs, DVDs, USB drives, and cloud storage. Data is represented digitally using bits and bytes as basic units, with kilobytes, megabytes, and gigabytes as larger units to measure larger amounts of stored data.
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This document defines common computer terminology such as applications, bits, bytes, cache, CD-ROMs, CPUs, cursors, DVDs, files, flash drives, and graphical user interfaces. It explains that applications are programs that perform specific tasks, bits are the smallest unit of stored information, bytes are composed of 8 bits and are used to store data, cache is similar to RAM and moves data between the RAM and CPU, CD-ROMs can only be read and store data, computers accept input, process data, store data and display data, CPUs are the brains of the computer, cursors indicate text insertion points, DVDs store more data than CD-ROMs and can be written to, files are collections of
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The document provides an introduction to basic computer components and functions:
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- It explains the basic functions of the operating system and introduces Windows as the most common example. It defines key Windows terms like the desktop, icons, taskbar, and start menu.
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1. Computers use different types of storage including backing storage to store data when not in use, and main memory like RAM and ROM to access data currently being used.
2. RAM temporarily stores programs and data being used and is wiped when powered off, while ROM permanently stores the startup program and is not wiped when powered off.
3. Common backing storage devices include hard disks for large permanent storage, USB drives for portable storage, and optical discs like CDs and DVDs to store large amounts of read-only or writeable data.
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The document discusses computer memory and storage devices. It defines memory as the space for temporarily storing data and information. Primary memory (RAM and ROM) is directly connected to the CPU, while secondary storage devices like hard disks, floppy disks, CDs, DVDs, and tapes are used to permanently store data. RAM is volatile and requires power, while ROM is non-volatile and can only be read from. Common units for measuring memory are bits, bytes, kilobytes, megabytes, and gigabytes. The document then describes different types of primary and secondary storage devices and their characteristics.
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This document discusses different types of solid state storage technologies. It describes flash memory, the basis for memory cards and USB flash drives. Memory cards are small, rewritable electronic storage devices used in devices like cameras and phones to store digital data. USB flash drives serve a similar function, providing portable storage that connects to computers via USB ports. Both memory cards and flash drives allow easy transfer of files and are popular replacements for floppy disks and CDs due to their small size, durability and high storage capacity.
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Primary memory like RAM can be read and written to and is used to store operating systems and active programs and files. ROM is read-only and stores boot programs. Secondary storage like hard disks and USB drives stores inactive programs and files long-term as it is non-volatile. Buffers temporarily store data during transfers between devices like printers and memory that operate at different speeds, allowing the processor to do other tasks, while interrupts signal the processor to refill buffers.
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The document outlines several key components of a computer and their functions. The power supply provides power for the computer to run. The motherboard is the main circuit board that allows components to communicate. The hard drive is mass storage, while the processor acts as the brain and RAM provides memory. The video card generates images and CD drives read discs.
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Memory devices can be classified in several ways:
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2. By access as sequential (location must be accessed in order) vs random access memory (RAM) which allows random access.
3. As static (maintains data without refresh) vs dynamic RAM which must be periodically refreshed.
4. As volatile (loses data on power off) vs non-volatile like ROM and magnetic storage.
Read-only memory (ROM) is non-volatile and only allows reading. It is used to permanently store information. Various RO
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Hard disks have the largest storage capacity and are the fastest storage device. DVDs, CDs, floppy disks, Zip disks and Jaz disks have varying storage capacities from hundreds of megabytes to several gigabytes. The document describes common backing storage media such as magnetic tapes, CDs, DVDs, floppy disks, Zip disks and Jaz disks. It discusses how they are used, their access speeds and whether access is serial or direct. The advantages and disadvantages of different storage media are also mentioned.
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COMPUTER AND ITS APPLICATION: PROCESS OF MEMORY
- 1. ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION PRESENTATION TOPIC:- COMPUTER AND ITS APPLICATION: PROCESS OF MEMORY PRESENTED BY: ABUL HASAN abulhasanranaamu2007@gmail.com
- 2. Computer and its application: Process of Memory SUBMITTED BY: ABUL HASAN SUBMITTED TO: NASRIN (MAAM)
- 3. COMPUTER The term computer is derived from the Latin term ‘computare’, this means to calculate or programmable machine. Computer is an electronic device that is designed to work with Information.
- 4. APPLICATION An application is any program, or group of programs, that is designed for the end user. Two types of application software's a) Systems software (File Manager tool, operating system, Dos). b) applications software (Games, Word processing).
- 5. PROCESS OF MEMORY Computer memory is any physical device capable of storing information temporarily or permanently. For example, Random Access Memory (RAM), is a volatile memory that stores information on an integrated circuit used by the operating system, software, and hardware
- 6. The memory of the computer is divided into to categories: 1.Primary Memory 1.Secondary Memory
- 7. Primary Memory:- Main memory of the computer. CPU can directly read or write on this memory. It is fixed on the motherboard of the computer. 1. RAM (Random Access Memory):-is a temporary memory. Information lost if computer turn off.
- 8. 2. ROM(Read Only Memory):-Information stored permanent in nature, it holds data if the computer switch off. It cannot overwritten by the computer.
- 9. 2. Secondary memory:- This memory is permanent in nature.It holds the information till we erase it. Different types of secondary storage devices are: 1. Hard Disc capacity (Unlimited) 2. Compact Disc (upto 700 MB) 3. DVD (upto 4.7 GB) 4. Pen Drive (upto 2 TB) 5. Blue Ray disc upto 25 GB)
- 10. HARD DISC (UNLIMITED CAPACITY)
- 11. COMPACT DISC (700 MB)
- 12. DVD (DIGITAL VERSATILE DISC) (4.7 GB)
- 13. PEN DRIVE (2 TB)
- 14. BLUE RAY DISC (25 GB)
- 15. MEMORY UNIT 0 1 1 Kilobyte (KB) 1 KB = 1024 Bytes 2 Megabyte (MB) 1 MB = 1024 KB 3 GigaByte (GB) 1 GB = 1024 MB 4 TeraByte (TB) 1 TB = 1024 GB 5 PetaByte (PB) 1 PB = 1024 TB
- 17. USE OF COMPUTER MEMORY IN EDUCATION 1. To stored books. 2. Easily mobile in the form of pen drive, disc etc. 3. Stored lots of information regarding education. 4. Stored video lectures 5. Prepare dissertation 6. Easily accessible 7. Stored notes and write-up 8. Stored essential documents the form of .pdf, .docx, .ppt, .xlc etc 9. Stored soft copy of the documents. 10.Data base formation.