This document describes a computer-aided energy and exergy analysis (EEA) program developed to evaluate the performance of steam power plants. The program can analyze all main systems of a power plant, including the boiler, turbine, condenser, and feedwater heaters. It calculates the energy and exergy destruction of each system as well as the overall plant efficiency. The program was validated using data from previous studies and found to have errors less than 3%. Analysis of a 350 MW power plant in Egypt showed that the condenser accounts for most energy destruction while the boiler has the highest exergy destruction. Operation at full load and in later years showed improved efficiencies. The program provides a more detailed and flexible analysis compared to previous
The document discusses India's energy sources and power generation. It notes that India is a large consumer of energy, with conventional sources being thermal, hydro, and nuclear, and non-conventional sources including wind, solar, geothermal, and tidal. Thermal power makes up 75% of India's power generation, with hydro at 21% and nuclear at 4%. The document outlines the general layout and main circuits of a steam power plant, including the fuel and ash, air and gas, feed water and steam, and cooling water circuits. It also discusses factors to consider when selecting a site for a power plant such as coal availability, ash disposal, land and water needs, and transportation.
Thermal Power Plant - Full Detail About Plant and Parts (Also Contain Animate...Shubham Thakur
A thermal power station is a power plant in which the prime mover is steam driven. Water is heated, turns into steam and spins a steam turbine which drives an electrical generator. After it passes through the turbine, the steam is condensed in a condenser and recycled to where it was heated; this is known as a Rankine cycle. The greatest variation in the design of thermal power stations is due to the different fossil fuel resources generally used to heat the water. Some prefer to use the term energy center because such facilities convert forms of heat energy into electrical energy.[1] Certain thermal power plants also are designed to produce heat energy for industrial purposes of district heating, or desalination of water, in addition to generating electrical power. Globally, fossil fueled thermal power plants produce a large part of man-made CO2 emissions to the atmosphere, and efforts to reduce these are varied and widespread.
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POWER GENERATION OF THERMAL POWER PLANTsathish sak
. The kinetic energy of the molecules in a solid, liquid or gas
2. The more kinetic energy, the more thermal energy the object possesses
3. Physicists also call this the internal energy of an object
Coal Fired Power Plant
-Types of coal
-Traditional coal-burning power
plant
-Emission control for traditional
coal burning plant
-Advanced coal-burning power
plant
-Environmental effects of coal
The document provides an overview of the Yamunanagar Thermal Power Project (DCRTPP) in Yamunanagar, Haryana, India. The power plant has a total installed capacity of 600 MW from its two 300 MW units. It uses a boiler, furnace, turbine, super heater, and re-heater in its mechanical design. The key operational features inside the plant include the coal, steam, and water flows as well as ash handling.
Ppt on ntpc dadri created vikas gujjar(IET lko)Vikas Gurjer
This document provides an overview of the NTPC Dadri power plant in India. It has a total generation capacity of 2642 MW from thermal, gas, and solar sources. The Dadri plant has several unique features, including being the largest gas station and dry ash handling plant in Asia. The document then describes the key components and processes within a thermal power plant, including the coal handling plant, boiler, turbine, generator, and ash handling plant. Block diagrams depict the overall power generation process from coal to electricity.
The document discusses the Sikka thermal power plant located in Jamnagar district, India. It describes that the plant was installed in 1984 with one 120MW unit, and a second unit was later added for a total capacity of 240MW. The plant uses coal from nearby states as its main fuel. It also has access to seawater for cooling purposes. The document explains the basic processes that occur in thermal power plants, including converting the chemical energy in coal to heat, using heat to create steam to turn turbines and generate electricity. It provides details on the key components of thermal power plants like boilers, turbines, condensers, and electrostatic precipitators.
This document provides information about Harsh Kumar's summer training project at the National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC) Dadri power plant in India. It includes:
- An overview of NTPC as the largest power company in India, operating coal and gas-fired thermal power plants.
- Details of the NTPC Dadri plant, which has both coal and gas-fired units totaling 2,642 MW capacity.
- Descriptions of the key components and processes within a thermal power plant, including the coal handling plant, mills, boilers, turbines and generators.
- An explanation of the basic thermal power plant cycle that converts fuel energy to electrical energy.
The document discusses India's energy sources and power generation. It notes that India is a large consumer of energy, with conventional sources being thermal, hydro, and nuclear, and non-conventional sources including wind, solar, geothermal, and tidal. Thermal power makes up 75% of India's power generation, with hydro at 21% and nuclear at 4%. The document outlines the general layout and main circuits of a steam power plant, including the fuel and ash, air and gas, feed water and steam, and cooling water circuits. It also discusses factors to consider when selecting a site for a power plant such as coal availability, ash disposal, land and water needs, and transportation.
Thermal Power Plant - Full Detail About Plant and Parts (Also Contain Animate...Shubham Thakur
A thermal power station is a power plant in which the prime mover is steam driven. Water is heated, turns into steam and spins a steam turbine which drives an electrical generator. After it passes through the turbine, the steam is condensed in a condenser and recycled to where it was heated; this is known as a Rankine cycle. The greatest variation in the design of thermal power stations is due to the different fossil fuel resources generally used to heat the water. Some prefer to use the term energy center because such facilities convert forms of heat energy into electrical energy.[1] Certain thermal power plants also are designed to produce heat energy for industrial purposes of district heating, or desalination of water, in addition to generating electrical power. Globally, fossil fueled thermal power plants produce a large part of man-made CO2 emissions to the atmosphere, and efforts to reduce these are varied and widespread.
For Video on Themal Power Plant (Animated Working Video) :- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ouWOhk1INjo
Subscribe To Our Youtube Channel For More Videos:-
https://www.youtube.com/TheEngineeringScienc
Click Here To Subscribe:-
http://www.youtube.com/user/TheEngineeringScienc?sub_confirmation=1
POWER GENERATION OF THERMAL POWER PLANTsathish sak
. The kinetic energy of the molecules in a solid, liquid or gas
2. The more kinetic energy, the more thermal energy the object possesses
3. Physicists also call this the internal energy of an object
Coal Fired Power Plant
-Types of coal
-Traditional coal-burning power
plant
-Emission control for traditional
coal burning plant
-Advanced coal-burning power
plant
-Environmental effects of coal
The document provides an overview of the Yamunanagar Thermal Power Project (DCRTPP) in Yamunanagar, Haryana, India. The power plant has a total installed capacity of 600 MW from its two 300 MW units. It uses a boiler, furnace, turbine, super heater, and re-heater in its mechanical design. The key operational features inside the plant include the coal, steam, and water flows as well as ash handling.
Ppt on ntpc dadri created vikas gujjar(IET lko)Vikas Gurjer
This document provides an overview of the NTPC Dadri power plant in India. It has a total generation capacity of 2642 MW from thermal, gas, and solar sources. The Dadri plant has several unique features, including being the largest gas station and dry ash handling plant in Asia. The document then describes the key components and processes within a thermal power plant, including the coal handling plant, boiler, turbine, generator, and ash handling plant. Block diagrams depict the overall power generation process from coal to electricity.
The document discusses the Sikka thermal power plant located in Jamnagar district, India. It describes that the plant was installed in 1984 with one 120MW unit, and a second unit was later added for a total capacity of 240MW. The plant uses coal from nearby states as its main fuel. It also has access to seawater for cooling purposes. The document explains the basic processes that occur in thermal power plants, including converting the chemical energy in coal to heat, using heat to create steam to turn turbines and generate electricity. It provides details on the key components of thermal power plants like boilers, turbines, condensers, and electrostatic precipitators.
This document provides information about Harsh Kumar's summer training project at the National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC) Dadri power plant in India. It includes:
- An overview of NTPC as the largest power company in India, operating coal and gas-fired thermal power plants.
- Details of the NTPC Dadri plant, which has both coal and gas-fired units totaling 2,642 MW capacity.
- Descriptions of the key components and processes within a thermal power plant, including the coal handling plant, mills, boilers, turbines and generators.
- An explanation of the basic thermal power plant cycle that converts fuel energy to electrical energy.
To study coal based thermal power plant including (a). Site selection (b). Classification (c). Merits and demerits (d). Environmental impacts (e). Basic layout (f). Various parts (g).Working.
The document discusses thermal power generation. It begins with an agenda that includes an introduction to thermal power, its history and classification. It then discusses the need for thermal power, noting that coal is abundant and maintenance costs are lower. The introduction explains that thermal power plants convert energy from coal into electricity. The document covers the history of thermal power, efficiency, basic definitions, advantages and disadvantages, and future prospects of improving efficiency and reducing emissions.
This slide consists of the basic layout, site plan and the components of a steam power plant. Block diagram of a steam power plant is also present in this slide.
Coal-based thermal power plants generate electricity through a four stage process. In the first stage, coal is burned in a boiler to produce heat energy. In the second stage, this heat is used to convert water to high-pressure steam. The third stage involves using this steam to spin turbines connected to generators. Finally, in the fourth stage the rotational energy of the turbines is converted to electrical energy. Key components of coal power plants include the coal handling system, boiler, steam turbine, condenser, ash handling system, and electrical equipment. Newer ultra-supercritical technologies can improve the efficiency and reduce emissions of coal power generation.
Electricity generation is the process of generating electric power from other sources of primary energy. Electricity is most often generated at a power station by electro-mechanical generators, primarily driven by heat engines fueled by chemical combustion or nuclear fission but also by other means such as the kinetic energy of flowing water and wind.
In Indian subcontinent the abundance of coal lead to the establishment of thermal power stations and governing bodies namely WBPDCL, DVC, NTPC act as pioneers in the generation of electricity.
presentation on one month summer training at NTPC Dadriraghav dagar
NTPC Dadri is a coal and gas-fired power station located in India. It has a total installed capacity of 2,642 MW from coal, gas, and solar power. An electrostatic precipitator (ESP) is used to remove particulate pollutants from the flue gases of thermal power plants like NTPC Dadri. An ESP works by charging particles using corona discharge and collecting them on oppositely charged plates. Periodically, the collected particles are removed from the plates through rapping or water spraying to maintain continuous cleaning of the flue gases.
The document summarizes the key components of the Suratgarh thermal power station in Rajasthan, India. It has 6 units with a total generation capacity of 1500 MW. The plant uses coal from nearby states to power steam turbines that drive electric generators. It supplies electricity to northern Rajasthan. The plant's components include coal handling, ash handling, steam turbines, boilers, condensers, and a switchyard. Future plans include adding two additional 660 MW supercritical units.
this ppt include an introduction about various part of super thermal power station. i.e in a plant various task are performed in different stages so it is a normal introduction about them.
Panipat thermal power station training pptMohit Verma
This training report summarizes the Panipat Thermal Power Station, which has a total generation capacity of 1360MW constructed in 5 stages from 110MW units to 250MW units. It describes the basic process of electricity generation including coal feeding, pulverization, combustion in the boiler, steam generation, superheating, steam turbine generation, and condensing. It provides details on the key elements of the plant including the deaerator, boiler feed pump, economizer, air preheater, boiler, superheater, turbine, and condenser. It also summarizes the instrumentation used for temperature, pressure, and process control.
The document provides information about the generation of thermal power at NTPC Dadri power plant. It discusses how coal is burned in boilers to generate high pressure steam which is used to spin turbines connected to generators to produce electricity. The key components of the thermal power plant discussed are the boiler, turbine, condenser, cooling towers and electrical equipment like transformers. It also describes the coal handling process and techniques used to handle ash waste from coal combustion like electrostatic precipitators.
The Kota Super Thermal Power Plant in Rajasthan has a total generation capacity of 1240 MW distributed across 7 stages commissioned between 1983-2009. It is located on the Chambal river and has abundant cooling water and good transportation access. The plant has a coal handling plant to receive and crush coal, boilers to generate steam, superheaters to further heat steam, turbines to convert steam energy to mechanical energy, generators to produce electricity, and auxiliary systems to treat water, handle ash, and control operations.
Power Plant or Power station? Do you know how electricity can be produced from different power plants and different prime energy sources. There are many types of power plants like - Thermal power plant, Nuclear power plant, Geothermal power plant, Bio gas power plant, Hydro power plant etc. From these power plants the prime moving energy source are different like - Heat, water, air, bio gas heat etc. Different components of power plants are described briefly which are the core of the electricity generation. A complete guidelines are provided regarding power or electricity.
The document describes the major components of a coal-based thermal power plant. It lists and briefly explains key parts like the coal handling plant, pulverizing plant, boiler, turbine and generator, condenser, cooling towers, and feedwater heaters. It also discusses coal and ash circuits, the air and gas circuit, and the feedwater and steam flow circuit. Site selection factors for thermal power stations and various systems used like coal handling, ash handling, draught systems, condensers, and feedwater treatment are summarized as well.
This document provides information about key components of a steam power plant, including boilers, steam turbines, condensers, and condensate pumps. It describes the basic operation and essential elements of steam turbines, including impulse and reaction turbines. It also lists some advantages of steam turbines over reciprocating engines, such as higher thermal efficiency and not requiring internal lubrication. The document is an informative overview of a steam power plant and the main equipment involved in the steam cycle.
This document describes the process of generating electricity from coal, beginning with coal mining and transport, processing the coal at the power plant, generating steam in boilers using the coal, producing work in turbines using the steam, and generating electricity using generators connected to the turbines. Key components and processes discussed include open-cast coal mines, transporting coal to the plant using a merry-go-round system, crushing and storing coal at the plant, pulverizing coal to a fine powder, burning the powdered coal in boilers to produce high-pressure steam, expanding the steam in a turbine to produce rotational work, and using generators connected to the turbines to convert the rotational work into electricity delivered to the power grid.
A combined cycle power plant generates electricity in two stages. First, a gas turbine burns fuel to drive a generator and produce electricity, with the exhaust heat recovered. This waste heat is then used to create steam to drive a steam turbine and generate additional electricity. Combined cycle power plants can achieve efficiencies as high as 55% and produce up to 50% more electricity than traditional simple-cycle plants from the same fuel. They have advantages of higher efficiency, lower emissions, and ability to run on different fuels, but also have higher costs and are less responsive than other power plant types.
The Suratgarh Super Thermal Power Station is located in Rajasthan and produces electricity for northern parts of the state. It has been successful in controlling pollution and received an award from the Ministry of Power for its environmental performance. The power station uses coal from nearby mines as its fuel source and has a total installed capacity of 2,250 MW across 7 units. It was strategically located due to availability of land, water from a nearby canal, transmission infrastructure and labor. The document provides details about the power station's operations, components like turbines and boilers, and the factors considered for choosing its site location.
This document discusses different types of power plants. It provides detailed information about the components and working of thermal power plants. Key components of a thermal power plant include a boiler, turbine, generator and condenser. Coal or natural gas is used as fuel in the boiler to produce high pressure steam. This steam powers the turbine, which spins the generator to produce electricity. The condenser then cools and condenses the steam back into water to be reused. The document also briefly discusses hydroelectric power plants, which use the kinetic energy of moving water to drive turbines connected to generators.
The document summarizes the layout and components of the Kota Super Thermal Power Station, a power plant located in Kota, India. It consists of 7 units with a total generation capacity of 1240 MW. The main parts of the plant include the coal handling plant, boiler, superheater, steam turbine, generator, generating transformer, and cooling system. The coal handling plant processes and conveys coal to the furnace. Steam is generated in the boiler and superheated before powering the steam turbine, which drives the generator to produce electricity.
This document discusses performance assessment of cogeneration plants with gas and steam turbines. It outlines procedures for measuring heat rate and efficiency, including collecting steam and power output data during testing. An example calculation is provided for a small cogeneration plant producing 100kW of power from a back pressure turbine using 5.1 tonnes/hour of steam. The turbine efficiency is calculated as 34% and the overall plant efficiency is 30.6%. Questions are also provided regarding turbine heat rate, cylinder efficiency, parameters for efficiency evaluation, and the need for performance assessment.
Developing a new generation of energy efficiency products for reciprocating e...Bowman Power
Learn how a new energy efficiency product gets made, from opportunity to concept, design, validation and production, with this free presentation from the 73rd Indonesia National Electricity Day & POWER-GEN Asia. #PGASIA
To study coal based thermal power plant including (a). Site selection (b). Classification (c). Merits and demerits (d). Environmental impacts (e). Basic layout (f). Various parts (g).Working.
The document discusses thermal power generation. It begins with an agenda that includes an introduction to thermal power, its history and classification. It then discusses the need for thermal power, noting that coal is abundant and maintenance costs are lower. The introduction explains that thermal power plants convert energy from coal into electricity. The document covers the history of thermal power, efficiency, basic definitions, advantages and disadvantages, and future prospects of improving efficiency and reducing emissions.
This slide consists of the basic layout, site plan and the components of a steam power plant. Block diagram of a steam power plant is also present in this slide.
Coal-based thermal power plants generate electricity through a four stage process. In the first stage, coal is burned in a boiler to produce heat energy. In the second stage, this heat is used to convert water to high-pressure steam. The third stage involves using this steam to spin turbines connected to generators. Finally, in the fourth stage the rotational energy of the turbines is converted to electrical energy. Key components of coal power plants include the coal handling system, boiler, steam turbine, condenser, ash handling system, and electrical equipment. Newer ultra-supercritical technologies can improve the efficiency and reduce emissions of coal power generation.
Electricity generation is the process of generating electric power from other sources of primary energy. Electricity is most often generated at a power station by electro-mechanical generators, primarily driven by heat engines fueled by chemical combustion or nuclear fission but also by other means such as the kinetic energy of flowing water and wind.
In Indian subcontinent the abundance of coal lead to the establishment of thermal power stations and governing bodies namely WBPDCL, DVC, NTPC act as pioneers in the generation of electricity.
presentation on one month summer training at NTPC Dadriraghav dagar
NTPC Dadri is a coal and gas-fired power station located in India. It has a total installed capacity of 2,642 MW from coal, gas, and solar power. An electrostatic precipitator (ESP) is used to remove particulate pollutants from the flue gases of thermal power plants like NTPC Dadri. An ESP works by charging particles using corona discharge and collecting them on oppositely charged plates. Periodically, the collected particles are removed from the plates through rapping or water spraying to maintain continuous cleaning of the flue gases.
The document summarizes the key components of the Suratgarh thermal power station in Rajasthan, India. It has 6 units with a total generation capacity of 1500 MW. The plant uses coal from nearby states to power steam turbines that drive electric generators. It supplies electricity to northern Rajasthan. The plant's components include coal handling, ash handling, steam turbines, boilers, condensers, and a switchyard. Future plans include adding two additional 660 MW supercritical units.
this ppt include an introduction about various part of super thermal power station. i.e in a plant various task are performed in different stages so it is a normal introduction about them.
Panipat thermal power station training pptMohit Verma
This training report summarizes the Panipat Thermal Power Station, which has a total generation capacity of 1360MW constructed in 5 stages from 110MW units to 250MW units. It describes the basic process of electricity generation including coal feeding, pulverization, combustion in the boiler, steam generation, superheating, steam turbine generation, and condensing. It provides details on the key elements of the plant including the deaerator, boiler feed pump, economizer, air preheater, boiler, superheater, turbine, and condenser. It also summarizes the instrumentation used for temperature, pressure, and process control.
The document provides information about the generation of thermal power at NTPC Dadri power plant. It discusses how coal is burned in boilers to generate high pressure steam which is used to spin turbines connected to generators to produce electricity. The key components of the thermal power plant discussed are the boiler, turbine, condenser, cooling towers and electrical equipment like transformers. It also describes the coal handling process and techniques used to handle ash waste from coal combustion like electrostatic precipitators.
The Kota Super Thermal Power Plant in Rajasthan has a total generation capacity of 1240 MW distributed across 7 stages commissioned between 1983-2009. It is located on the Chambal river and has abundant cooling water and good transportation access. The plant has a coal handling plant to receive and crush coal, boilers to generate steam, superheaters to further heat steam, turbines to convert steam energy to mechanical energy, generators to produce electricity, and auxiliary systems to treat water, handle ash, and control operations.
Power Plant or Power station? Do you know how electricity can be produced from different power plants and different prime energy sources. There are many types of power plants like - Thermal power plant, Nuclear power plant, Geothermal power plant, Bio gas power plant, Hydro power plant etc. From these power plants the prime moving energy source are different like - Heat, water, air, bio gas heat etc. Different components of power plants are described briefly which are the core of the electricity generation. A complete guidelines are provided regarding power or electricity.
The document describes the major components of a coal-based thermal power plant. It lists and briefly explains key parts like the coal handling plant, pulverizing plant, boiler, turbine and generator, condenser, cooling towers, and feedwater heaters. It also discusses coal and ash circuits, the air and gas circuit, and the feedwater and steam flow circuit. Site selection factors for thermal power stations and various systems used like coal handling, ash handling, draught systems, condensers, and feedwater treatment are summarized as well.
This document provides information about key components of a steam power plant, including boilers, steam turbines, condensers, and condensate pumps. It describes the basic operation and essential elements of steam turbines, including impulse and reaction turbines. It also lists some advantages of steam turbines over reciprocating engines, such as higher thermal efficiency and not requiring internal lubrication. The document is an informative overview of a steam power plant and the main equipment involved in the steam cycle.
This document describes the process of generating electricity from coal, beginning with coal mining and transport, processing the coal at the power plant, generating steam in boilers using the coal, producing work in turbines using the steam, and generating electricity using generators connected to the turbines. Key components and processes discussed include open-cast coal mines, transporting coal to the plant using a merry-go-round system, crushing and storing coal at the plant, pulverizing coal to a fine powder, burning the powdered coal in boilers to produce high-pressure steam, expanding the steam in a turbine to produce rotational work, and using generators connected to the turbines to convert the rotational work into electricity delivered to the power grid.
A combined cycle power plant generates electricity in two stages. First, a gas turbine burns fuel to drive a generator and produce electricity, with the exhaust heat recovered. This waste heat is then used to create steam to drive a steam turbine and generate additional electricity. Combined cycle power plants can achieve efficiencies as high as 55% and produce up to 50% more electricity than traditional simple-cycle plants from the same fuel. They have advantages of higher efficiency, lower emissions, and ability to run on different fuels, but also have higher costs and are less responsive than other power plant types.
The Suratgarh Super Thermal Power Station is located in Rajasthan and produces electricity for northern parts of the state. It has been successful in controlling pollution and received an award from the Ministry of Power for its environmental performance. The power station uses coal from nearby mines as its fuel source and has a total installed capacity of 2,250 MW across 7 units. It was strategically located due to availability of land, water from a nearby canal, transmission infrastructure and labor. The document provides details about the power station's operations, components like turbines and boilers, and the factors considered for choosing its site location.
This document discusses different types of power plants. It provides detailed information about the components and working of thermal power plants. Key components of a thermal power plant include a boiler, turbine, generator and condenser. Coal or natural gas is used as fuel in the boiler to produce high pressure steam. This steam powers the turbine, which spins the generator to produce electricity. The condenser then cools and condenses the steam back into water to be reused. The document also briefly discusses hydroelectric power plants, which use the kinetic energy of moving water to drive turbines connected to generators.
The document summarizes the layout and components of the Kota Super Thermal Power Station, a power plant located in Kota, India. It consists of 7 units with a total generation capacity of 1240 MW. The main parts of the plant include the coal handling plant, boiler, superheater, steam turbine, generator, generating transformer, and cooling system. The coal handling plant processes and conveys coal to the furnace. Steam is generated in the boiler and superheated before powering the steam turbine, which drives the generator to produce electricity.
This document discusses performance assessment of cogeneration plants with gas and steam turbines. It outlines procedures for measuring heat rate and efficiency, including collecting steam and power output data during testing. An example calculation is provided for a small cogeneration plant producing 100kW of power from a back pressure turbine using 5.1 tonnes/hour of steam. The turbine efficiency is calculated as 34% and the overall plant efficiency is 30.6%. Questions are also provided regarding turbine heat rate, cylinder efficiency, parameters for efficiency evaluation, and the need for performance assessment.
Developing a new generation of energy efficiency products for reciprocating e...Bowman Power
Learn how a new energy efficiency product gets made, from opportunity to concept, design, validation and production, with this free presentation from the 73rd Indonesia National Electricity Day & POWER-GEN Asia. #PGASIA
The document discusses performance assessment of cogeneration systems. It describes:
1. Cogeneration systems can use steam turbines, gas turbines, or diesel generators to simultaneously produce electricity and useful thermal energy.
2. A performance assessment would provide insights into a cogeneration system's performance and identify opportunities for optimization.
3. The document outlines the methodology for conducting a performance test of a cogeneration plant, including instrumentation, test duration, measurements, calculations of turbine efficiency and plant heat rate.
This document discusses cogeneration and improving energy efficiency in sugar mills. It provides information on:
1) Cogeneration involves the combined production of electrical power and useful thermal energy from a common fuel source. This allows for better utilization of resources and independence in power and steam.
2) Major advantages of cogeneration include lower production costs, quick return on investment, and ability to use biomass fuels. It also provides a solution to power problems when hydropower availability is low.
3) Case studies show potential energy savings through retrofitting with high-pressure boilers, improving control systems, reducing downtime, and acquiring best available technologies for new projects.
Cogeneration and its basics for energy managementAyisha586983
Cogeneration, also known as Combined Heat and Power (CHP), is a highly efficient energy production process that simultaneously generates electricity and useful thermal energy (such as steam or hot water) from a single fuel source. This integrated approach to energy production maximizes overall energy efficiency and reduces greenhouse gas emissions compared to separate generation of electricity and thermal energy.
Handbook of mechanical engineering calculationsRoddy Castro
The document discusses several options for boosting the output of a 230 MW combined cycle power plant using a 155 MW gas turbine. It evaluates seven cases: 1) using an evaporative cooler to precool the gas turbine inlet air, 2) using a mechanical chiller, 3) using an absorption chiller, 4) injecting steam into the gas turbine, 5) injecting water into the gas turbine, 6) partially supplementary firing the heat recovery steam generator, and 7) fully supplementary firing the heat recovery steam generator. Case 1 of using an evaporative cooler increased plant output by 6.65 MW and improved heat rate by 15 Btu/kWh, but had a high capital cost of $180/kW.
Cogeneration is a system that produces heat and electricity simultaneously in a single plant, powered by just one primary energy source, thereby guaranteeing a better energy yield than would be possible to achieve from two separate production sources.
Energy Concept For Future Use Sreevidhya@StudentsB Bhargav Reddy
The document provides an overview of energy concepts for future oil refineries with an emphasis on separation processes. It begins with introducing the motivation and focus of more energy efficient processes in oil refining. The outline includes discussing a vision for more sustainable and efficient refineries, an overview of the refining process, energetic issues in current refineries, thermodynamic analyses of key processes, and potential directions for improvements. Key processes like distillation, fluid catalytic cracking, and hydrotreating that account for most energy usage are examined in more detail.
Training Manual on Energy Efficiency for Small and Medium Enterpriseszubeditufail
This document provides guidance on improving energy efficiency in small and medium enterprises. It covers topics such as fuels and combustion, energy efficiency in boilers, steam distribution and utilization, furnaces, electrical load management, motors, pumps, fans, compressed air systems, refrigeration systems, green building concepts, and the clean development mechanism. The document aims to provide practical knowledge on assessing equipment performance and identifying opportunities to adopt energy efficiency measures in SMEs.
This document discusses a cogeneration project opportunity using a micro-turbine system at the KMITL Combustion Lab. It provides an introduction to cogeneration systems, examples of applications that can generate both electricity and steam/hot water, and analyses of the energy and cost benefits compared to conventional boiler systems. The document also examines the impact of micro-turbine exhaust gas temperature on boiler performance and efficiency.
This document provides details about the author's qualifications, including their education, experience, career history, projects, and engineering experience. It outlines the author's MSc and BSc in mechanical engineering. It then describes over 33 years of experience in mechanical and process control engineering for power plants. It lists the author's various roles and responsibilities in their career history from 2005 to the present as well as 1984 to 2005. It provides examples of projects the author has worked on and engineering solutions they developed to address issues at various power plants.
This document discusses energy efficiency in coal fired power stations in India. It provides statistics on plant load factors, installed capacity by fuel type, and generation by source over time. It also discusses efforts to improve efficiency through adoption of supercritical technology, renovation and modernization programs, retirement of old units, and training programs like IGEN to promote better plant operation and maintenance practices. Overall, the document outlines India's experience with coal power generation and various strategies to enhance efficiency.
A combined cycle gas turbine power plant uses both a gas turbine and a steam turbine to generate electricity from the same fuel source. The gas turbine exhaust is used to generate steam to power a steam turbine. This combination achieves greater efficiency than a gas turbine alone. Combined cycle plants can be over 50% efficient and have lower emissions than other generation methods. The document provides background information on the components and operation of combined cycle gas turbine power plants.
This document discusses a proposed vertical farming system that integrates three technologies - Tesla Powerpacks, Thermenex temperature control system, and Climate Manager sensors - to improve upon an existing vertical farm system. The proposed system is estimated to have a total operating cost of $11,165, setup cost of $8,060,517, and production capacity of 650 tons per year of leafy greens using a 54,000 square foot facility. Testing of the proposed system would involve analytical modeling, building a smaller scaled prototype, and validating that performance meets requirements for key metrics like production capacity, energy consumption, and profitability.
This presentation is about my academic project on generating electricity using thermoelectric generator (TEG), to harvest the thermal energy dissipated by combustion gases. The current project discusses the optimal design of the thermoelectric generator (TEG) and the design is conducted analytically based on the idea of air cooled TEG system using fins and an experimental system is fabricated and tested by attaching to exhaust pipe of a two wheeler IC engine for the heat source to verify the validity of the proposed system.
Boiler Efficiency Improvement through Analysis of Lossesijsrd.com
Thermal is the main source for power generation in India. The percentage of thermal power generation as compare to other sources is 65 %. The main objective of thermal power plant is to fulfill the energy demands of the market and to achieve these demands; plant requires technical availability with the parts reliability and maintenance strategy. This paper deals with the determination of current operating efficiency of Boiler and calculates major losses for Vindhyachal Super thermal power plant (India) of 210 MW units. Then identify the causes of performance degradation. Also find the major causes of heat losses by Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) and recommends its appropriate strategy to reduce major losses. The aim of performance monitoring is continuous evaluation of degradation i.e. decrease in performance of the steam boiler. These data enable additional information which is helpful in problem identification, improvement of boiler performance and making economic decisions about maintenance schedule.
The document describes the design and fabrication of a single-effect vapor absorption refrigeration system using LiBr-H2O and exhaust heat. The system was designed to (1) be environmentally friendly by using waste heat, (2) have low running costs, and (3) meet energy demands sustainably. A car was used as the environment where the cooling load was estimated. Components like the generator, condenser, evaporator, and absorber were modeled in ASPEN and tested experimentally using exhaust from an electric generator and LPG. The system was able to lower the chamber temperature by 4-5°C and had a COP of 0.0012-0.0013 without including heat input.
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Computer aided evaluation of steam power plants performance based on energy and exergy analyses
1. 1
هالر ِنَمْحهالر ِ هاَّلل ِمْسِبِيم ِح
"اًمْلِع يِنْد ِز ِِّبَّر لُقَو"
طه114
In The Name Of Allah, The Most Beneficent, The
Most Merciful
“And say: My Lord! Increase me in
knowledge”
Ta-Ha' Verse 114
2. 2
Computer - Aided Evaluation of Steam
Power Plants Performance Based on
Energy and Exergy Analyses
الطاقة أساس على البخارية اريةرالح المحطات تقييم
اآللى الحاسب بمساعدة اإلتاحية و
4. 4
Eng. AHMED Noaman Ahmed
Kamal
Operation Engineer
Cairo Electricity Production
Company
Cairo West Thermal Power Plant
Units (7 & 8)
Mechanical Engineering
Department
Shobra Faculty of Engineering
Benha University
10. 10
• Energy is the cornerstone of the economic
development
Growing Energy Consumption
Depletion of Energy Resources
Energy Crisis
Electricity Shortage
11. 11
Solutions to Energy Crisis
Management of Energy
Production
Transmission
Usage
Alternative Energy
Solar Energy
Wind Energy
Geothermal Energy
Biofuel and Ethanol
12. • Countries pay money for
less power.
• Increasing the efficiency
will save resources and
money.
12
• Significant part of power is lost without any
benefit.
Management of Production Energy
14. 14
Indicate systems responsible for destruction
Calculate Main Systems Energy and Exergy
Efficiency Destruction
Possible ways to
Increase Efficiency Reduce Destruction
15. Energy and Exergy Analyses
Exergy is the maximum shaft work
It is used to analyze thermodynamics systems
15
Law of Thermodynamics
First
Quantity of
Energy
Second
Quantity of
Energy
Quality of Energy
16. Energy and Exergy Analyses for
Power Plants
Traditional Method
Computer Application
Method
16
Manual
Calculations
Write Codes
Calculations Graphs
17. 17
Author Energy and Exergy Analyses
Aljundi, 2009 Al-hussein Power Plant in Jordan
Ameri, 2009 Hamedan Power Plant in Iran
Erdem, 2009 Coal-fired Power Plants in Turkey
Rashad, 2009 Shobra El-Khima Power Plant
Traditional method
• Condenser: responsible for energy destruction
• It is thermodynamically insignificant.
• Boiler: responsible for exergy destruction
Results
18. 18
Author Computer Application
Ahmadi and Toghraie,
2016
EES (Engineering
Equation Solver)
Ahmadi and Dincer , 2011 Matlab Code
Singh et al., 2012 C++ Code
Al-Bagawi, 1994 Fortran Code
Fungtammsan, et al.,
1990
Turbo Pascal Code
Computer Application Method
19. 19
• Neglect fuel volumetric analysis
• Some mechanical systems are not
mentioned (De-superheat)
• Specified for the studied power plants
• Require source code modification
• Not interactive
From previous work we can
conclude that:
20. 20
Visual C# EEA
Crystal
Reports
EEA creation steps
• Applicable for all Steam Power Plants
• Cover the shortage in the earlier programs
• Overcome the problems of these programs
• Energy and Exergy Analyses (EEA)
Therefore the proposed computer
program aimed to:
21. • Determine energy and exergy analysis of the
power plants in detail.
• Determine systems and cycle energy and
exergy:
Destruction
Efficiency
• Determine main components responsible for
energy and exergy destruction.
• Cover many systems existed in power plants
21
EAA Specifications
22. • Add more details for each system
• Cover a wide range of hydrocarbon fuels
• Fuel volumetric analysis
• Introduce the results in tables and charts.
22
29. 29
I. Energy balance for steady flow
through control volume
• 𝑸 = 𝑾 + 𝒆 𝒎 𝒉 − 𝒊 𝒎 𝒉
• 𝒉 = 𝒉 + 𝑽 𝟐
𝟐 + 𝒈𝒁
30. 30
II. Exergy balance for adiabatic
steady flow through control
volume
• 𝑾 + 𝒆 𝒎. 𝒆𝒙 − 𝒊 𝒎. 𝒆𝒙
+ 𝑬𝒙 𝒅𝒆𝒔 = 𝟎
31. 31
• Boiler
• Turbine
• Condenser
• Condensate pump
• Feed-water pumps
• Feed-water heaters
Thermodynamics model of the main
systems of the power plant
46. 2011 2013 2015
Gross Energy Efficiency 76.991 69.29 75.308
Fuel Energy Efficiency 86.966 78.375 85.076
Exergetic Efficiency 51.049 45.757 49.921
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Boiler Efficiencies
46
Thermal and exergetic efficiencies of
the boiler decreased in 2013
47. 2011 2013 2015
Boiling and Superheating
Process Destruction (MW)
82.16 126.42 89.83
Combustion Process
Destruction (MW)
108.47 120.44 113.31
Fuel Flowrate (t/h) 30.61 35.73 32.04
20.00
40.00
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
140.00
Destruction(MW)
Exergy Destruction in Boiler Processes
47
• Boiling and super-heating process
• Combustion process
Exergetic destruction
48. 48
Using the fuel oil number 6 (Mazout) led to:
1. Corrosion occurs in the burner impeller and
gas spuds.
49. 49
2. Ashes and deposits:
Fouled the boiler tubes
Clogged the spaces between the tubes
50. 50
• Damaged parts are replaced
• Chemical cleaning
Major Overhaul In 2015
51. Old Programs EEA
Specified to the studied
power plants
General and applicable to
any steam power plant
Some mechanical
systems are not
mentioned
Cover a wide range of
systems
Neglect fuel volumetric
analysis
Consider fuel volumetric
analysis
Source code should be
edited to be used
No need for source code
editing
Not interactive
work line by line
Interactive program
Edit any system at any time51
Advantages of EAA
52. 52
• Condenser is the main source of energy
destruction with 81%.
• Boiler is the main source of exergy
destruction with 88.1%.
• Boiler has the lowest exergetic efficiency
with 51%
• Operation at full load is more efficient.
• Exergy destruction in boiler is due to:
• Combustion process
• Boiling and super-heating process
Conclusion
53. 53
• Further thermodynamic analyses of the
Cairo West Thermal Power Plant at
mixed firing.
• Upgrade the EEA to cover more systems:
• Gas Turbine system
• Combined Power Plants
• Geo Thermal Power Plants
• Solar Power Plants
Recommendations
54. 54
Thank you for your
attention
Ahmed Noaman Ahmed Kamal ElZayati
P.G. Student,
Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Department
Shobra Faculty of Engineering
+201113610115
Eng.pow.ahmed@gmail.com
Editor's Notes
نسخ كتابة لغة بحروف لغة اخرى
transliteration
تعتبر الطاقه حجر الزاوية و الاساس لنمو الاقتصاد فى العالم
نتيجة للنمو المطرد فى الاستهلاك ادى الى حدوث ازمة فى الطاقه و اللى كان من اهم صورها حدوث نقص فى امدادت الكهرباء فى العالم
و اللى مصر كانت من الدول اللى بتواجه هذه المشكلة
لذلك كان لابد من طرح حلول فعالة لمواجهة هذة الازمة
غير بناء محطات انتاج للكهرباء جديده
اتجه العلماء لحل مشكلة الطاقة الى طريقان
1- تحقيق الادارة المثلى للطاقه
2- انشاء محطات الطاقة التى تعتمد على الطاقات المتجدده لمواجهة التناقص المستمر فى الموارد الطبيعيه
فبالنظر لعملية ادارة و استخدام الطاقه
وجدنا ان جزء كبير من الطاقة بيفقد دون الاستفادة منه
و ذلك لانخفاض كفاءة المنظومات المستخدمة سواء فى عمليات الانتاج او النقل
او حتى انخفاض كفاءة المعدات المستخدمة فى المنازل و المصانع و اللى بتتطلب كهرباء اكثر
و دا بيأدى الى ان ارتفاع النفقات مقابل الحصول على كهرباء اقل
لذلك كان لابد من رفع كفاءة المنظومات المستخدمة لتوفير المال
Energy and Exergy
Energy and exergy analyses of power plants depend on
Fist Law and Second Law
بالنظر للقانون الاول وجد انه لا يدرس سوى كمية الطاقه بغض النظر كانت هذة الطاقة
Useful or not
نتيجة لهذا القصور كان لابد من تبنى القانون الثانى و الذى يركز على نوعية الطاقه
ادى ذلك الى ظهور مصطلح جديد و هو الاكسرجى
و هى اقصى كمية من الطاقة يمكن الحصول عليها فى بيئة معينه
حيث ان كمية الطاقة التى نحصل عليها تتغير باختلاف المحيط
Exergy is the maximum shaft work that can be done by the composite of the system and a specified reference environment
تستهلك وقت و جهد
توفر الوقت و الجهد للتركيز على تحليل النتائج
Destruction due to: combustion process , Heat transfer
Rashad, 2009 :
Turbine = 42% Exergy destruction due to neglecting the boiler analysis.
Aljundi
Condenser = 66% energy destruction Boiler = 77% exergy destruction
Ameri
Condenser = 70% energy destruction Boiler = 81% exergy destruction
Give same reults
1- hydrocarbon fuel affects on the boiler and power plant efficiencies
5- work line by line
Cannot edit previous work
لذلك فقد قمنا بأخذ هذه النقاط بالاعتبار عند تصميمنا لبرنامج جديد يسمى
لذلك فقد قمنا بأخذ هذه النقاط بالاعتبار عند تصميمنا لبرنامج جديد يسمى
Design system form to insert parameters
Use it and make calculations
Use
Calculate the cycle thermal and exergetic efficiencies.
to cover all possible systems.
و اللى يرجع للزياده فى
Exergy destruction for:
Combustion process
Heat transfer process
Heat rate loss in boiler
FW + Cold RH + Spray + Fuel + Air
- MS – HR – Flue gases from Air heater
Heat rate loss in boiler
FW + Cold RH + Spray + Fuel + Air
MS – HR – Flue gases from Air heater
Destruction= I = Fuel−Product
Case B
و اللى بيخلية اكبر الانظمة المسئوله عن ال
Destruction = 90% of plant exergetic destruction
و ذلك نتيجة للفقد الحادث فى عمليتى ال
Combustion and Heat Transfer
Condenser energy destruction = 81 % and 0.2% exergy destruct
Boiler energy destruction = 16.5 % and 88.1% exergy destruction
Due to :
Heat absorbed to deformation fuel to Carbon + Hydrogen
Excess Air (O2)
H2O vapor
Unburnt fuel absorb heat
Flue gas through stack
Water vapor to atmosphere
Flue gases to atmosphere 150 degree C
Combustion destruction = 108 MW
Heat Transfer destruction = 82 MW
وجدنا ان كفاءة المحطة بترتفع بنسبة 3%
و اللى بتكون بسبب زيادة كفاءة كل الانظمة خاصة الغلايه
كما ذكرنا انها مسئولة عن 90% من الفقد فإن اى تحسين فى كفائتها يؤدى الى زيادة كبيره فى كفاءة المحطة
الرسم يوضح زيادة كفاءة الغلاية بنسبة = 1.8 %
بسبب زيادة
combustion efficiency
و اللى كانت بسبب انخفاض ال
Excess air
which decrease Air-Fuel ratio
و اللى بيأدى لرفع AFT
لقد قمنا بعمل مقارنة بين النتائج
و بالنظر الى النتائج تم ملاحظة انخفاض كبير فى كفاءة المحطة فى العام 2013
Exergy Destruction 2013= 4%
2015 = 2.6%
و اللى كان بسبب الانخفاض الملحوظ فى كفاءة الغلاية
Exergy eff. Decrement = 5.3%
Boiling and super-heating process
Combustion process
و اللى يرجع للزياده فى
Exergy destruction for:
Combustion process
Heat transfer process
و لتوضيح الاسباب المسئولة عن هذة الزياده كان لابد من مقارنة سجل الصيانه للوحدات خلال هذه الفتره
و لقينا ان فى بداية عام 2015 تم عمل عمرة جسيمه للغلايه و اللى بينت التالى:
التاكل و اللى كان بسبب
تشوه شكل اللهب نتيجة انسداد المسافات البينيه لل
Swirller
Causing : diffuser and gas spuds increasing temperature to melting point
Due to these problems:
The fuel consumption increased
Combustion And Heat Trans. destruction increased .
efficiency of boiler decreased.