Compilers in computer programming
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In this presentation following topics have been told. 1. What are translators? 2. Different types of translators. 3. working of compiler and interpreter. 4. phases of compiler.
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Lexical Analyzers and Parsers
JLex is a lexical analyzer generator for Java that takes a specification file as input and generates a Java source file for a lexical analyzer. It performs lexical analysis faster than a comparable handwritten lexical analyzer. SAX and DOM are XML parser APIs that respectively use event-based and tree-based models to read and process XML documents, with SAX using less memory but DOM allowing arbitrary navigation and modification of the document tree.
Token, Pattern and Lexeme
Token, Pattern and Lexeme defines some key concepts in lexical analysis:
Tokens are valid sequences of characters that can be identified as keywords, constants, identifiers, numbers, operators or punctuation. A lexeme is the sequence of characters that matches a token pattern. Patterns are defined by regular expressions or grammar rules to identify lexemes as specific tokens. The lexical analyzer collects attributes like values for number tokens and symbol table entries for identifiers and passes the tokens and attributes to the parser. Lexical errors occur if a character sequence cannot be scanned as a valid token. Error recovery strategies include deleting or inserting characters to allow tokenization to continue.
The role of the parser and Error recovery strategies ppt in compiler design
This document summarizes error recovery strategies used by parsers. It discusses the role of parsers in validating syntax based on grammars and producing parse trees. It then describes several error recovery strategies like panic-mode recovery, phrase-level recovery using local corrections, adding error productions to the grammar, and global correction aiming to make minimal changes to parse invalid inputs.
Analysis of the source program
The document discusses the three phases of analysis in compiling a source program:
1) Linear analysis involves grouping characters into tokens with collective meanings like identifiers and operators.
2) Hierarchical analysis groups tokens into nested structures with collective meanings like expressions, represented by parse trees.
3) Semantic analysis checks that program components fit together meaningfully through type checking and ensuring operators have permitted operand types.
1 compiler outline
This document provides an overview of the key concepts and phases in compiler design, including lexical analysis, syntax analysis using context-free grammars and parsing techniques, semantic analysis using attribute grammars, intermediate code generation, code optimization, and code generation. The major parts of a compiler are the analysis phase, which creates an intermediate representation from the source program using lexical analysis, syntax analysis, and semantic analysis, and the synthesis phase, which generates the target program from the intermediate representation using intermediate code generation, code optimization, and code generation.
Compiler construction
Compiler Construction
Phases of a compiler
Analysis and synthesis phases
-------------------
-> Compilation Issues
-> Phases of compilation
-> Structure of compiler
-> Code Analysis
Structure of the compiler
The document discusses the different phases of a compiler:
1. Lexical analysis scans source code as characters and converts them into tokens.
2. Syntax analysis checks token arrangements against the grammar to ensure syntactic correctness.
3. Semantic analysis checks that rules like type compatibility are followed.
4. Intermediate code is generated for an abstract machine.
5. Code optimization removes unnecessary code and improves efficiency.
6. Code generation translates the optimized intermediate code to machine language.
Lexical analyzer
The document discusses the different phases of a compiler including lexical analysis, syntax analysis, semantic analysis, intermediate code generation, code optimization, and code generation. It provides details on each phase and the techniques involved. The overall structure of a compiler is given as taking a source program through various representations until target machine code is generated. Key terms related to compilers like tokens, lexemes, and parsing techniques are also introduced.
Recommended
Lexical Analyzers and Parsers
JLex is a lexical analyzer generator for Java that takes a specification file as input and generates a Java source file for a lexical analyzer. It performs lexical analysis faster than a comparable handwritten lexical analyzer. SAX and DOM are XML parser APIs that respectively use event-based and tree-based models to read and process XML documents, with SAX using less memory but DOM allowing arbitrary navigation and modification of the document tree.
Token, Pattern and Lexeme
Token, Pattern and Lexeme defines some key concepts in lexical analysis:
Tokens are valid sequences of characters that can be identified as keywords, constants, identifiers, numbers, operators or punctuation. A lexeme is the sequence of characters that matches a token pattern. Patterns are defined by regular expressions or grammar rules to identify lexemes as specific tokens. The lexical analyzer collects attributes like values for number tokens and symbol table entries for identifiers and passes the tokens and attributes to the parser. Lexical errors occur if a character sequence cannot be scanned as a valid token. Error recovery strategies include deleting or inserting characters to allow tokenization to continue.
The role of the parser and Error recovery strategies ppt in compiler design
This document summarizes error recovery strategies used by parsers. It discusses the role of parsers in validating syntax based on grammars and producing parse trees. It then describes several error recovery strategies like panic-mode recovery, phrase-level recovery using local corrections, adding error productions to the grammar, and global correction aiming to make minimal changes to parse invalid inputs.
Analysis of the source program
The document discusses the three phases of analysis in compiling a source program:
1) Linear analysis involves grouping characters into tokens with collective meanings like identifiers and operators.
2) Hierarchical analysis groups tokens into nested structures with collective meanings like expressions, represented by parse trees.
3) Semantic analysis checks that program components fit together meaningfully through type checking and ensuring operators have permitted operand types.
1 compiler outline
This document provides an overview of the key concepts and phases in compiler design, including lexical analysis, syntax analysis using context-free grammars and parsing techniques, semantic analysis using attribute grammars, intermediate code generation, code optimization, and code generation. The major parts of a compiler are the analysis phase, which creates an intermediate representation from the source program using lexical analysis, syntax analysis, and semantic analysis, and the synthesis phase, which generates the target program from the intermediate representation using intermediate code generation, code optimization, and code generation.
Compiler construction
Compiler Construction
Phases of a compiler
Analysis and synthesis phases
-------------------
-> Compilation Issues
-> Phases of compilation
-> Structure of compiler
-> Code Analysis
Structure of the compiler
The document discusses the different phases of a compiler:
1. Lexical analysis scans source code as characters and converts them into tokens.
2. Syntax analysis checks token arrangements against the grammar to ensure syntactic correctness.
3. Semantic analysis checks that rules like type compatibility are followed.
4. Intermediate code is generated for an abstract machine.
5. Code optimization removes unnecessary code and improves efficiency.
6. Code generation translates the optimized intermediate code to machine language.
Lexical analyzer
The document discusses the different phases of a compiler including lexical analysis, syntax analysis, semantic analysis, intermediate code generation, code optimization, and code generation. It provides details on each phase and the techniques involved. The overall structure of a compiler is given as taking a source program through various representations until target machine code is generated. Key terms related to compilers like tokens, lexemes, and parsing techniques are also introduced.
Cd ch2 - lexical analysis
The document discusses lexical analysis, which is the first phase of compilation. It involves reading the source code and grouping characters into meaningful sequences called lexemes. Each lexeme is mapped to a token that is passed to the subsequent parsing phase. Regular expressions are used to specify patterns for tokens. A lexical analyzer uses finite automata to recognize tokens based on these patterns. Lexical analyzers may also perform tasks like removing comments and whitespace from the source code.
Type checking in compiler design
This document discusses syntax-directed translation and type checking in programming languages. It explains that in syntax-directed translation, attributes are attached to grammar symbols and semantic rules compute attribute values. There are two ways to represent semantic rules: syntax-directed definitions and translation schemes. The document also discusses synthesized and inherited attributes, dependency graphs, and the purpose and components of type checking, including type synthesis, inference, conversions, and static versus dynamic checking.
Lexical1
The document discusses regular expressions and their use in lexical analysis. It describes how regular expressions can be used to define patterns of characters that correspond to different word types found in programs, such as keywords, operators, variables, etc. These word types are then represented by tokens which are passed to subsequent phases of compilation. The document also introduces regular expressions and some of their notation, such as union, concatenation, and Kleene closure, and describes how the Thompson algorithm can be used to convert regular expressions into non-deterministic finite automata (NFAs).
Error detection recovery
The document discusses error detection and recovery in compilers. It describes how compilers should detect various types of errors and attempt to recover from them to continue processing the program. It covers lexical, syntactic and semantic errors and different strategies compilers can use for error recovery like insertion, deletion or replacement of tokens. It also discusses properties of good error reporting and handling shift-reduce conflicts.
Principles of compiler design
This document discusses the principles of compiler design. It describes the different phases of a compiler, including lexical analysis, syntax analysis, semantic analysis, intermediate code generation, code optimization, and code generation. It also discusses other language processing systems like preprocessors, assemblers, linkers, and loaders. The overall goal of a compiler is to translate a program written in one language into another language like assembly or machine code.
Compiler Construction
How compiler works?Phases of compiler,Virtual machines for compiler,Assembler,two pass Assembler,Quadruples,Triples,
Parser
I have made this presentation for my personal work puposes.
Just want to have some comments, suggestions, advices from others to make it better.
Hope that you guys will help me out
role of lexical anaysis
The document discusses the different phases of a compiler:
1. Lexical analysis scans source code and converts it to tokens.
2. Syntax analysis checks token arrangements against the grammar to validate syntax.
3. Semantic analysis checks that rules like type compatibility are followed.
4. Intermediate code is generated for an abstract machine.
5. Code is optimized in the intermediate representation.
6. Code generation produces machine code from the optimized intermediate code.
Phases of a Compiler
This document discusses the different stages of the compiler process. It involves breaking source code down through lexical analysis, syntax analysis, semantic analysis, code generation, and optimization to produce efficient machine-readable target code. Key steps include preprocessing, compiling, assembling, linking, and loading to translate human-readable source code into an executable program.
phases of compiler-analysis phase
The compilation process consists of multiple phases that each take the output from the previous phase as input. The phases are: lexical analysis, syntax analysis, semantic analysis, intermediate code generation, code optimization, and code generation.
The analysis phase consists of three sub-phases: lexical analysis, syntax analysis, and semantic analysis. Lexical analysis converts the source code characters into tokens. Syntax analysis constructs a parse tree from the tokens. Semantic analysis checks that the program instructions are valid for the programming language.
The entire compilation process takes the source code as input and outputs the target program after multiple analysis and synthesis phases.
Overview of Language Processor : Fundamentals of LP , Symbol Table , Data Str...
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Criteria of Classification of Data Structure of Language Processing
Linear Data Structure
Non-linear Data Structure
Symbol Table Organization
Sequential Search Organization
Binary Search Organization
Hash Table Organization
Allocation Data Structure : Stacks and Heaps
Phases of-compiler
The document discusses the phases of a compiler and how a program is processed. It explains that a source program goes through multiple phases including lexical analysis, syntax analysis, semantic analysis, intermediate code generation, optimization, and code generation to produce target machine code. The compiler performs analysis and synthesis to process the source code in 6 main phases and generate executable code from the input source code.
Compiler Design(Nanthu)
This Compiler Design Notes is very useful to us. it has created by very short method.
anybody can understand it.
Cpcs302 1
- The document outlines the goals, outcomes, prerequisites, topics covered, and grading for a compiler design course.
- The major goals are to provide an understanding of compiler phases like scanning, parsing, semantic analysis and code generation, and have students implement parts of a compiler for a small language.
- By the end of the course students will be familiar with compiler phases and be able to define the semantic rules of a programming language.
- Prerequisites include knowledge of programming languages, algorithms, and grammar theories.
- The course covers topics like scanning, parsing, semantic analysis, code generation and optimization.
Fundamentals of Language Processing
Language processing involves analyzing a source program and synthesizing an equivalent target program. The analysis phase involves lexical, syntax, and semantic analysis of source code based on language rules. The synthesis phase constructs target language structures and generates target code equivalent to the source code meaning. Language processors perform analysis and synthesis in separate passes due to issues like forward references and memory management, with analysis generating an intermediate representation to pass to synthesis.
Presentation compiler design
The document discusses the process of compiler design, including how a compiler translates source code from a programming language into machine code by performing analysis and synthesis. It describes the main components of a compiler as the scanner, parser, semantic routines, code generator, and optimizer. Additionally, it provides definitions and examples of nondeterministic finite automata (NFA) and deterministic finite automata (DFA) which are used in lexical analysis.
Compilers
A compiler is a program that translates a program written in one language (the source language) into an equivalent program in another language (the target language). Compilers perform several phases of analysis and translation: lexical analysis converts characters into tokens; syntax analysis groups tokens into a parse tree; semantic analysis checks for errors and collects type information; intermediate code generation produces an abstract representation; code optimization improves the intermediate code; and code generation outputs the target code. Compilers translate source code, detect errors, and produce optimized machine-readable code.
Lexical analyzer
It is on simple topic of compiler but first and foremost important topic of compiler. For Lexical Analyzing we coded in C language. So it is easy to understand .
Syntax analysis
This document discusses syntax analysis in programming languages. It defines syntax as the arrangement of words and symbols in a program to show their relationships. Syntax analysis determines if a program is valid based on the syntactic rules of the language. Common formal methods for describing syntax include grammars, parse trees, and syntax diagrams. Grammars provide mathematical rules for valid symbol strings, including terminal symbols, non-terminal symbols, and productions.
Compiler presentaion
A compiler is a program that translates source code written in one programming language into another target language. It performs several steps including lexical analysis, parsing, code generation and optimization. The compiler consists of a front end that checks syntax and semantics, a middle end that performs optimizations, and a back end that generates assembly code. Compilers can be single pass or multi pass and are used to translate from high-level languages like C to machine-executable object code.
1._Introduction_.pptx
The document provides an overview of compilers and interpreters. It discusses that a compiler translates source code into machine code that can be executed, while an interpreter executes source code directly without compilation. The document then covers the typical phases of a compiler in more detail, including the front-end (lexical analysis, syntax analysis, semantic analysis), middle-end/optimizer, and back-end (code generation). It also discusses interpreters, intermediate code representation, symbol tables, and compiler construction tools.
COMPILER CONSTRUCTION KU 1.pptx
This document provides an introduction to compilers and their construction. It defines a compiler as a program that translates a source program into target machine code. The compilation process involves several phases including lexical analysis, syntax analysis, semantic analysis, code optimization, and code generation. An interpreter directly executes source code without compilation. The document also discusses compiler tools and intermediate representations used in the compilation process.
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Cd ch2 - lexical analysis
The document discusses lexical analysis, which is the first phase of compilation. It involves reading the source code and grouping characters into meaningful sequences called lexemes. Each lexeme is mapped to a token that is passed to the subsequent parsing phase. Regular expressions are used to specify patterns for tokens. A lexical analyzer uses finite automata to recognize tokens based on these patterns. Lexical analyzers may also perform tasks like removing comments and whitespace from the source code.
Type checking in compiler design
This document discusses syntax-directed translation and type checking in programming languages. It explains that in syntax-directed translation, attributes are attached to grammar symbols and semantic rules compute attribute values. There are two ways to represent semantic rules: syntax-directed definitions and translation schemes. The document also discusses synthesized and inherited attributes, dependency graphs, and the purpose and components of type checking, including type synthesis, inference, conversions, and static versus dynamic checking.
Lexical1
The document discusses regular expressions and their use in lexical analysis. It describes how regular expressions can be used to define patterns of characters that correspond to different word types found in programs, such as keywords, operators, variables, etc. These word types are then represented by tokens which are passed to subsequent phases of compilation. The document also introduces regular expressions and some of their notation, such as union, concatenation, and Kleene closure, and describes how the Thompson algorithm can be used to convert regular expressions into non-deterministic finite automata (NFAs).
Error detection recovery
The document discusses error detection and recovery in compilers. It describes how compilers should detect various types of errors and attempt to recover from them to continue processing the program. It covers lexical, syntactic and semantic errors and different strategies compilers can use for error recovery like insertion, deletion or replacement of tokens. It also discusses properties of good error reporting and handling shift-reduce conflicts.
Principles of compiler design
This document discusses the principles of compiler design. It describes the different phases of a compiler, including lexical analysis, syntax analysis, semantic analysis, intermediate code generation, code optimization, and code generation. It also discusses other language processing systems like preprocessors, assemblers, linkers, and loaders. The overall goal of a compiler is to translate a program written in one language into another language like assembly or machine code.
Compiler Construction
How compiler works?Phases of compiler,Virtual machines for compiler,Assembler,two pass Assembler,Quadruples,Triples,
Parser
I have made this presentation for my personal work puposes.
Just want to have some comments, suggestions, advices from others to make it better.
Hope that you guys will help me out
role of lexical anaysis
The document discusses the different phases of a compiler:
1. Lexical analysis scans source code and converts it to tokens.
2. Syntax analysis checks token arrangements against the grammar to validate syntax.
3. Semantic analysis checks that rules like type compatibility are followed.
4. Intermediate code is generated for an abstract machine.
5. Code is optimized in the intermediate representation.
6. Code generation produces machine code from the optimized intermediate code.
Phases of a Compiler
This document discusses the different stages of the compiler process. It involves breaking source code down through lexical analysis, syntax analysis, semantic analysis, code generation, and optimization to produce efficient machine-readable target code. Key steps include preprocessing, compiling, assembling, linking, and loading to translate human-readable source code into an executable program.
phases of compiler-analysis phase
The compilation process consists of multiple phases that each take the output from the previous phase as input. The phases are: lexical analysis, syntax analysis, semantic analysis, intermediate code generation, code optimization, and code generation.
The analysis phase consists of three sub-phases: lexical analysis, syntax analysis, and semantic analysis. Lexical analysis converts the source code characters into tokens. Syntax analysis constructs a parse tree from the tokens. Semantic analysis checks that the program instructions are valid for the programming language.
The entire compilation process takes the source code as input and outputs the target program after multiple analysis and synthesis phases.
Overview of Language Processor : Fundamentals of LP , Symbol Table , Data Str...
Fundamentals of Language Processor
Analysis Phase
Synthesis Phase
Lexical Analysis
Syntax Analysis
Semantic Analysis
Intermediate Code Generation
Symbol Table
Criteria of Classification of Data Structure of Language Processing
Linear Data Structure
Non-linear Data Structure
Symbol Table Organization
Sequential Search Organization
Binary Search Organization
Hash Table Organization
Allocation Data Structure : Stacks and Heaps
Phases of-compiler
The document discusses the phases of a compiler and how a program is processed. It explains that a source program goes through multiple phases including lexical analysis, syntax analysis, semantic analysis, intermediate code generation, optimization, and code generation to produce target machine code. The compiler performs analysis and synthesis to process the source code in 6 main phases and generate executable code from the input source code.
Compiler Design(Nanthu)
This Compiler Design Notes is very useful to us. it has created by very short method.
anybody can understand it.
Cpcs302 1
- The document outlines the goals, outcomes, prerequisites, topics covered, and grading for a compiler design course.
- The major goals are to provide an understanding of compiler phases like scanning, parsing, semantic analysis and code generation, and have students implement parts of a compiler for a small language.
- By the end of the course students will be familiar with compiler phases and be able to define the semantic rules of a programming language.
- Prerequisites include knowledge of programming languages, algorithms, and grammar theories.
- The course covers topics like scanning, parsing, semantic analysis, code generation and optimization.
Fundamentals of Language Processing
Language processing involves analyzing a source program and synthesizing an equivalent target program. The analysis phase involves lexical, syntax, and semantic analysis of source code based on language rules. The synthesis phase constructs target language structures and generates target code equivalent to the source code meaning. Language processors perform analysis and synthesis in separate passes due to issues like forward references and memory management, with analysis generating an intermediate representation to pass to synthesis.
Presentation compiler design
The document discusses the process of compiler design, including how a compiler translates source code from a programming language into machine code by performing analysis and synthesis. It describes the main components of a compiler as the scanner, parser, semantic routines, code generator, and optimizer. Additionally, it provides definitions and examples of nondeterministic finite automata (NFA) and deterministic finite automata (DFA) which are used in lexical analysis.
Compilers
A compiler is a program that translates a program written in one language (the source language) into an equivalent program in another language (the target language). Compilers perform several phases of analysis and translation: lexical analysis converts characters into tokens; syntax analysis groups tokens into a parse tree; semantic analysis checks for errors and collects type information; intermediate code generation produces an abstract representation; code optimization improves the intermediate code; and code generation outputs the target code. Compilers translate source code, detect errors, and produce optimized machine-readable code.
Lexical analyzer
It is on simple topic of compiler but first and foremost important topic of compiler. For Lexical Analyzing we coded in C language. So it is easy to understand .
Syntax analysis
This document discusses syntax analysis in programming languages. It defines syntax as the arrangement of words and symbols in a program to show their relationships. Syntax analysis determines if a program is valid based on the syntactic rules of the language. Common formal methods for describing syntax include grammars, parse trees, and syntax diagrams. Grammars provide mathematical rules for valid symbol strings, including terminal symbols, non-terminal symbols, and productions.
Compiler presentaion
A compiler is a program that translates source code written in one programming language into another target language. It performs several steps including lexical analysis, parsing, code generation and optimization. The compiler consists of a front end that checks syntax and semantics, a middle end that performs optimizations, and a back end that generates assembly code. Compilers can be single pass or multi pass and are used to translate from high-level languages like C to machine-executable object code.
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The lexical analyzer is the first phase of a compiler. It takes source code as input and breaks it down into tokens by removing whitespace and comments. It identifies valid tokens by using patterns and regular expressions. The lexical analyzer generates a sequence of tokens that is passed to the subsequent syntax analysis phase. It helps locate errors by providing line and column numbers.
Chapter 1.pptx
The document summarizes the key phases of a compiler:
1. The compiler takes source code as input and goes through several phases including lexical analysis, syntax analysis, semantic analysis, code optimization, and code generation to produce machine code as output.
2. Lexical analysis converts the source code into tokens, syntax analysis checks the grammar and produces a parse tree, and semantic analysis validates meanings.
3. Code optimization improves the intermediate code before code generation translates it into machine instructions.
Role-of-lexical-analysis
Role of lexical analysis, Issues in lexical analysis, Tokens patterns and lexemes, Attributes for tokens, Lexical errors
Compiler Construction
Translation of a program written in a source language into a semantically equivalent program written in a target language
Lexical Analysis
Lexical analysis is the process of converting a sequence of characters from a source program into a sequence of tokens. It involves reading the source program, scanning characters, grouping them into lexemes and producing tokens as output. The lexical analyzer also enters tokens into a symbol table, strips whitespace and comments, correlates error messages with line numbers, and expands macros. Lexical analysis produces tokens through scanning and tokenization and helps simplify compiler design and improve efficiency. It identifies tokens like keywords, constants, identifiers, numbers, operators and punctuation through patterns and deals with issues like lookahead and ambiguities.
The Phases of a Compiler
We have learnt that any computer system is made of hardware and software.
The hardware understands a language, which humans cannot understand. So we write programs in high-level language, which is easier for us to understand and remember.
These programs are then fed into a series of tools and OS components to get the desired code that can be used by the machine.
This is known as Language Processing System.
Compier Design_Unit I.ppt
The document discusses the phases of a compiler and their functions. It describes:
1) Lexical analysis converts the source code to tokens by recognizing patterns in the input. It identifies tokens like identifiers, keywords, and numbers.
2) Syntax analysis/parsing checks that tokens are arranged according to grammar rules by constructing a parse tree.
3) Semantic analysis validates the program semantics and performs type checking using the parse tree and symbol table.
Compier Design_Unit I.ppt
The document discusses the phases of a compiler:
1) Lexical analysis scans the source code and converts it to tokens which are passed to the syntax analyzer.
2) Syntax analysis/parsing checks the token arrangements against the language grammar and generates a parse tree.
3) Semantic analysis checks that the parse tree follows the language rules by using the syntax tree and symbol table, performing type checking.
4) Intermediate code generation represents the program for an abstract machine in a machine-independent form like 3-address code.
Introduction to Compilers
The document provides an introduction to compilers, describing compilers as programs that translate source code written in a high-level language into an equivalent program in a lower-level language. It discusses the various phases of compilation including lexical analysis, syntax analysis, semantic analysis, code optimization, and code generation. It also describes different compiler components such as preprocessors, compilers, assemblers, and linkers, and distinguishes between compiler front ends and back ends.
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This files have Compiler Design Basic principles. Phases of Compiler, Parsers, Scanners, Intermediate Code Generation, Code Optimization
Phases of Compiler.pptx
The compiler is software that converts source code written in a high-level language into machine code. It works in two major phases - analysis and synthesis. The analysis phase performs lexical analysis, syntax analysis, and semantic analysis to generate an intermediate representation from the source code. The synthesis phase performs code optimization and code generation to create the target machine code from the intermediate representation. The compiler uses various components like a symbol table, parser, and code generator to perform this translation.
unit1pdf__2021_12_14_12_37_34.pdf
This document provides an introduction to compilers, including definitions of key terms like translator, compiler, interpreter, and assembler. It describes the main phases of compilation as lexical analysis, syntax analysis, semantic analysis, intermediate code generation, code optimization, and code generation. It also discusses related concepts like the front-end and back-end of a compiler, multi-pass compilation, and different types of compilers.
Compiler lecture 04
This document discusses compiler construction and error handling. It describes the basic tasks of an error handler as detection, reporting, and recovery of errors encountered during compilation. Errors are classified and the document focuses on lexical analysis. The lexical analyzer takes source code as character streams and breaks it into tokens based on predefined patterns and grammar rules. It generates errors for invalid tokens and works closely with the syntax analyzer by passing tokenized data.
Compiler lecture 04
This document discusses compiler construction and error handling. It describes the basic tasks of an error handler as detection, reporting, and recovery of errors encountered during compilation. Errors are classified and the document focuses on lexical analysis. The lexical analyzer takes source code as character streams and breaks it into tokens based on predefined patterns and grammar rules. It generates errors for invalid tokens and works closely with the syntax analyzer by passing tokenized data.
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The document discusses the roles of compilers and interpreters. It explains that a compiler translates an entire program into machine code in one pass, while an interpreter translates and executes code line-by-line. The document also covers the basics of lexical analysis, including how it breaks source code into tokens by removing whitespace and comments. It provides an example of tokens identified in a code snippet and discusses how the lexical analyzer works with the symbol table and syntax analyzer.
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Compilers in computer programming
- 1. Compilers
- 2. Content • Translators • Working • Phases of compiler • Lexical Analysis • Syntax Analysis • Semantic Analysis • Code Optimization • Code Generation
- 3. Translators Translators are used to convert source code to machine code. Types :- • Compiler , • Interpreters and, • Assembler.
- 4. Working • Compiler CompilerProgram EXE Data Output • Interpreters Program Interpreter Data Output
- 5. Phases of Compiler • Lexical Analysis • Syntax Analysis • Semantic Analysis • Code Optimization • Code Generation
- 6. Lexical analysis Lexical analysis code is broken into series of tokens by removing comments and extra whitespaces from the source code. If any illegal token encounters it generates an error(Token error). Ex : x = a + b; //Addition. Tokens = keywords, identifiers, operators etc.
- 7. Syntax analysis Also know as parsing determines weather the series of token give by lexical analysis is valid or not. It checks for the syntax of code. If the syntax of a code is invalid then it generates an error(syntax error).
- 8. Semantic analysis Semantics tells what does a token or a syntax of a language actually mean actually mean. It interprets the relationship between symbols, identifiers, and other tokens used in a code. If any error occurs it generates semantic error.
- 9. Code Optimization Code is transformed so that it consumes less computer resources like Memory, RAM etc. In this • Output of program is not changed. • Should always reduce resource consumption. • Should not delay overall compiling process.
- 10. Code generation This is the final phase of compilation. Compiler generates an object code which will be in a low level language. Code generated should • Have exact meaning of source code and, • Should be resource efficient.
- 11. Thank you