Competency mapping is a process that identifies the key competencies required for effective and superior job performance. It measures personal characteristics, behaviors, motives, traits, self-concepts, and knowledge against threshold competencies that are the minimum required to do a job and differentiating competencies that distinguish superior performers. Competency mapping involves developing a competency-based selection system through defining job responsibilities, setting goals, and assessing performance against competencies to support competency-based performance management.