This document presents a comparative study of the dynamic analysis of elevated water tanks supported by reinforced concrete framed structures and concrete shafts. It analyzes tanks of different capacities, supporting systems, and seismic zones. The objectives are to study the hydrodynamic effects, compare base shear and moment results, and evaluate impulsive and convective pressures. It describes the spring-mass modeling approach used and defines parameters like impulsive/convective mass, lateral stiffness calculation methods, and component specifications. Results show time periods and base shear values increase with larger tank capacity while stiffness is higher for concrete shaft supported tanks. Concrete shafts also exhibited less displacement response than framed structures.
The presentation summarizes the project work done on "Seismic Analysis of Elevated Water Tank". Elevated water tanks are important structures that serve the function of supplying municipal water to the civil community. The stability of such structure is highly uncertain in the eve of earthquake. This project analyses the performance of such a structure in the eve of earthquake.
The project is done as a course requirement for undergraduate degree in May 2013. The degree in pursuit was "Bachelor of Technology in Civil Engineering" in National Institute of Technology in Tiruchirappalli (INDIA). The authors were in final year of the study during the making of the project.
Design and Analysis of Different Shapes of 50 Storeys High Rise Building unde...ijtsrd
As we are moving towards the modern world, we are facing many problems and increasing population is one of the biggest problems and to provide land is another challenge because of the limited natural land. So, to resolve this problem we have to drop the plan of horizontal building design instead of we have to built the high rise building. I am going to design the 50 storey’s high rise building of different shapes for which I have selected the shape, they are Rectangular, Square, Triangular, Circular, Elliptical .and for designing I am designing these all shape of building for constant Area, Column size, Beam Size, Slab thickness. After the designing work completion, the different loads were applied on the Structure the loads are Seismic Load, Wind Load, Live Load, Dead Load. The main purpose of this work is to determine the most stable and workable shape of the high rise building in most critical seismic zone i.e., zone v and under the most critical wind zone i.e. zone v. and to check the stress of the building of different shapes. Kamlesh Raikwar | Dr. A. K. Jha | Dr. R. S. Parihar "Design and Analysis of Different Shapes of 50 Storeys High Rise Building under Different Loading Condition" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-5 , August 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd51777.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/51777/design-and-analysis-of-different-shapes-of-50-storeys-high-rise-building-under-different-loading-condition/kamlesh-raikwar
Analysis and Design of Intz Water Tank by Using Staad Proijtsrd
The Intze principle is a name given to two engineering principles both named after the hydraulic engineer Otto Intze. In the one case the Intze principle relates to a type of water tower, in the other a type dam. Circular tanks with flat bottom as well as with domical bottom In the flat bottom the thickness and reinforcement is found to be heavy. In the domed bottom though the thickness and reinforcement in the dome is normal, the reinforcement in the ring beam is excessive. Therefore in the cases of large diameter tanks and economical alternative would be to reduce its diameter at its bottom by conical dome. Such a tank is known as Intze tank and is very commonly used. The main advantage of Intze tank is that the inward radial thrust of the conical bottom balances the outward radial thrust of the spherical bottom. Roshan Kumar Pakhale | Dr. Rajeev Singh Parihar | Dr. Abhay Kumar Jha "Analysis & Design of Intz Water Tank by Using Staad Pro" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-3 , April 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd49569.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/49569/analysis-and-design-of-intz-water-tank-by-using-staad-pro/roshan-kumar-pakhale
Seismic Analysis of G 10 Storey Building with Various Locations of Shear Wall...ijtsrd
Shear walls are specially designed structural members provided in the multi storey buildings to resist lateral forces. These walls have very high in plane strength and stiffness, which can resist large horizontal forces and can support gravity loads. There are lots of literatures available to design and analyse the shear wall. Ravi Kumar Vishwakarma | Vipin Kumar Tiwari "Seismic Analysis of G+10 Storey Building with Various Locations of Shear Walls using Etabs" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-4 , June 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.compapers/ijtsrd43646.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.comengineering/structural-engineering/43646/seismic-analysis-of-g10-storey-building-with-various-locations-of-shear-walls-using-etabs/ravi-kumar-vishwakarma
The presentation summarizes the project work done on "Seismic Analysis of Elevated Water Tank". Elevated water tanks are important structures that serve the function of supplying municipal water to the civil community. The stability of such structure is highly uncertain in the eve of earthquake. This project analyses the performance of such a structure in the eve of earthquake.
The project is done as a course requirement for undergraduate degree in May 2013. The degree in pursuit was "Bachelor of Technology in Civil Engineering" in National Institute of Technology in Tiruchirappalli (INDIA). The authors were in final year of the study during the making of the project.
Design and Analysis of Different Shapes of 50 Storeys High Rise Building unde...ijtsrd
As we are moving towards the modern world, we are facing many problems and increasing population is one of the biggest problems and to provide land is another challenge because of the limited natural land. So, to resolve this problem we have to drop the plan of horizontal building design instead of we have to built the high rise building. I am going to design the 50 storey’s high rise building of different shapes for which I have selected the shape, they are Rectangular, Square, Triangular, Circular, Elliptical .and for designing I am designing these all shape of building for constant Area, Column size, Beam Size, Slab thickness. After the designing work completion, the different loads were applied on the Structure the loads are Seismic Load, Wind Load, Live Load, Dead Load. The main purpose of this work is to determine the most stable and workable shape of the high rise building in most critical seismic zone i.e., zone v and under the most critical wind zone i.e. zone v. and to check the stress of the building of different shapes. Kamlesh Raikwar | Dr. A. K. Jha | Dr. R. S. Parihar "Design and Analysis of Different Shapes of 50 Storeys High Rise Building under Different Loading Condition" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-5 , August 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd51777.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/51777/design-and-analysis-of-different-shapes-of-50-storeys-high-rise-building-under-different-loading-condition/kamlesh-raikwar
Analysis and Design of Intz Water Tank by Using Staad Proijtsrd
The Intze principle is a name given to two engineering principles both named after the hydraulic engineer Otto Intze. In the one case the Intze principle relates to a type of water tower, in the other a type dam. Circular tanks with flat bottom as well as with domical bottom In the flat bottom the thickness and reinforcement is found to be heavy. In the domed bottom though the thickness and reinforcement in the dome is normal, the reinforcement in the ring beam is excessive. Therefore in the cases of large diameter tanks and economical alternative would be to reduce its diameter at its bottom by conical dome. Such a tank is known as Intze tank and is very commonly used. The main advantage of Intze tank is that the inward radial thrust of the conical bottom balances the outward radial thrust of the spherical bottom. Roshan Kumar Pakhale | Dr. Rajeev Singh Parihar | Dr. Abhay Kumar Jha "Analysis & Design of Intz Water Tank by Using Staad Pro" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-3 , April 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd49569.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/49569/analysis-and-design-of-intz-water-tank-by-using-staad-pro/roshan-kumar-pakhale
Seismic Analysis of G 10 Storey Building with Various Locations of Shear Wall...ijtsrd
Shear walls are specially designed structural members provided in the multi storey buildings to resist lateral forces. These walls have very high in plane strength and stiffness, which can resist large horizontal forces and can support gravity loads. There are lots of literatures available to design and analyse the shear wall. Ravi Kumar Vishwakarma | Vipin Kumar Tiwari "Seismic Analysis of G+10 Storey Building with Various Locations of Shear Walls using Etabs" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-4 , June 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.compapers/ijtsrd43646.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.comengineering/structural-engineering/43646/seismic-analysis-of-g10-storey-building-with-various-locations-of-shear-walls-using-etabs/ravi-kumar-vishwakarma
This work is done as a part of B.Tech. degree requirements in Spring 2013 (Jan-May'13). The author was pursuing B.Tech. in Civil Engineering at the National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli during the making of this project.
CADmantra Technologies Pvt. Ltd. is one of the best Cad training company in northern zone in India . which are provided many types of courses in cad field i.e AUTOCAD,SOLIDWORK,CATIA,CRE-O,Uniraphics-NX, CNC, REVIT, STAAD.Pro. And many courses
Contact: www.cadmantra.com
www.cadmantra.blogspot.com
www.cadmantra.wix.com
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF MULTI STORIED STRUCTURES USING STATIC NON LINEAR ANALYSISIjripublishers Ijri
In plan during the seismic excitation using nonlinear static analysis (pushover) have been performed on the
same structure. The literature pertaining to pushover analysis is reviewed. The pushover analysis adopted
in the present study is on similar lines with the procedure presented by Ashraf Habibullah and Stephen
Pyle using ETABS V 9.7 structural analysis software. The effect of earthquake force in a idealized G+4 story
building under maximum earthquake zone, with the help of pushover analysis has been investigated and
the results were compared in terms of base shear, displacement, spectral acceleration, spectral displacement
and effective damping and effective time period .to strengthen the symmetric and un symmetric RCC
framed buildings` steel braces are included by using retrofitting method.
Design & Analysis of High rise Building With & Without Floating Column Using ...IJSRD
At present buildings with floating column is a typical feature in the modern multistory construction in urban India. There are many projects in which floating columns are adopted, especially above the ground floor, where transfer girders are employed, so that more open space is available in the ground floor. As the load path in the floating columns is not continuous, they are more vulnerable to the seismic activity. Sometimes, to meet the requirements these type of aspects cannot be avoided though these are not found to be of safe. Hence, an attempt is taken to study the behavior of a G+15 multi storey building in which some storey’s are considered for commercial purpose and remaining storey’s are for residential purpose. This paper studies the comparison & seismic analysis of the multistory buildings with floating column and without floating column. Finally, analysis & results in the high rise building such as storey drifts, storey displacement, and Base shear were shown in this study. Design and Analysis was carried out by using Extended Three Dimensional Analysis of Building Systems (ETABS) Software.
SEISMIC ANALYASIS AND DESIGN OF PROPOSED ELEVATED INTZ TYPE WATER TANK AT SBP...ijiert bestjournal
Elevated water tanks are one of the most important lifeline structures in earthquake prone regions. The major cities a nd also in rural areas . The elevated water tank is an integral part of water supply scheme,these structure has large mass concentrated at the top of slender supporting structures are especially vulnerable to horizontal forces due to earthquake. All over t he world,the elevated water tanks were collapsed or heavily damaged during the earthquake because of unsuitable design of supporting system or wrong selection of supporting system underestimated demand or strength. So it is very important to select proper supporting system and also need to study the response of elevated Intz water tank to dynamic forces by both equivalent static or dynamic method and to find out the design parameters for seismic analysis. It is also necessary to consider the sloshing effec t on container roof slab. This sloshing of water considerably different the parametric value used in design and economical in construction. This paper present the study of seismic performance of the elevated water tank for various seismic zones of India fo r various heights and capacity of elevated water tanks for different soil condition on earthquake forces.
THE PROJECT DESCRIBES THE DESIGN OF STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS OF A BUILDING USING STAAD PRO(COLUMNS&BEAMS) & MANUAL(SLABS,FOOTINGS&STAIRCASE).THE PROJECT ALSO CONTAINS THE ESTIMATION & COSTING.THE AUTO CADD IS HELPFUL FOR DRAWINGS.
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF HIGH RISE BUILDING BY USING ETABSila vamsi krishna
RESULT OF ANALYSIS:
https://www.slideshare.net/ilavamsikrishna/results-of-etabs-on-high-rise-residential-buildings
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF BUILDING BY USING STAAD PRO PPT link :
https://www.slideshare.net/ilavamsikrishna/analysis-and-design-of-mutistoried-residential-building-by-using-staad-pro
FOR FULL REPORT:
vamsiila@gmail.com
ANALYSIS OF STEEL FRAMES WITH BRACINGS FOR SEISMIC LOADSIAEME Publication
In recent decants steel structure had played an important role in construction
industry. Providing strength, stability, ductility for buildings designed for seismic
loads. It is necessary to design a structure that can withstand under seismic loads.
Providing steel knee braces is one of the structural systems used to resist earthquake
forces on structures. Steel bracing is economical, easy to erect and occupies less
space which is flexible to design to meet the required strength and stiffness. There are
various types of steel bracing (X, knee bracing). In knee brace frame system (KBFS)
the non-buckling diagonal bracing provide most of the lateral stiffness, the flexural
yielding of knee element. In our project a 6 storey steel frame building with knee
bracing system with floor plan of 9 m x 9m is considered. We studied the performance
of a 6 storied steel frame building with knee bracing system and compared with bare
frame. Pushover analysis, equivalent static analysis, Response Spectrum analysis,
Time history analysis is performed in ETABS based on IS 1893:2002 (part 1)
guidelines. The manual calculation was done on the basis of Equivalent static analysis
and Response spectrum analysis to find out base shear for foundation and lateral
force for each storey deck slab and compared the values with bare frame. Depending
on the complexity in the problem for bracing models, we had used Etabs software in
order to analysis the Base shear and lateral shear. The results were plotted in the
form of graphs and tables for their inter storey drift and inter storey displacement.
The Mechanical Properties of Concrete Incorporating Silica Fume as Partial Re...HARISH B A
Concrete is the most important engineering
material and the addition of some other materials may change
the properties of concrete. With increase in trend towards the
wider use of concrete for prestressed concrete and high rise
buildings there is a growing demand of concrete with higher
compressive strength. Mineral additions which are also
known as mineral admixtures have been used with cements
for many years. Silica fume particles are 100 times smaller
than the average cement particle. Its handling and disposal is
a point of concern because of the environment concerns. Silica
fume is usually categorized as a supplementary cementitious
material. These materials exhibit pozzolanic properties,
cementitious properties and a combination of both properties.
Due to these properties, it can affect the concrete behavior in
many ways. In the present work, an attempt has been made to
use silica fume as a supplementary material for cement and to
evaluate the limit of replacement of cement for M20 grade
concrete. The main aim of this work is to study the
mechanical properties of M20 grade control concrete and
silica fume concrete with different percentages (5, 10, 15 and
20%) of silica fume as a partial replacement of cement.
analysis and design of mutistoried residential building by using staad pro
we considered g+4 residential building
ANYLYSIS AND DESIGN OF HIGH RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDING BY USING ETABS
copy below Link to view presentation
https://www.slideshare.net/ilavamsikrishna/analysis-and-design-of-high-rise-building-by-using-etabs
vamsiila@gmail.com
Analysis and Design of Elevated Intez Water Tank based on Normal Frame Stagin...Venkataraju Badanapuri
Water is as important commodity as food and air for the existence of life. All plants and animals must have water to survive. If
there was no water there would be no life on earth. As water is very precious and due to the scarcity of drinking water in day-to-day life one
has to take care of every drop. Anelevated Intez water tank is used to store water for fire protection and potable drinking water within a
designated area or community over the daily requirement. Elevated Intez tanks allow the natural force of gravity to produce consistent water
pressure throughout the system. Elevated Intez water tanks are one of the most important structures in earthquake high regions. In major
cities and also in rural areas elevated or overhead water tanks forms an integral part of water supply scheme.
Seismic analysis of vertical irregular multistoried buildingeSAT Journals
Abstract It is understood that buildings which are regular in elevation (regular building) perform much better than those which have irregularity in elevation (irregular building) under seismic loading. Irregularities are not avoidable in construction of buildings. However a detailed study to understand structural behaviour of the buildings with irregularities under seismic loading is essential for appropriate design and their better performance. The main objective of this study is to understand the effect of elevation irregularity and behaviour of 3-D R.C. Building which is subjected to earthquake load. In the present study, a 5 bays X 5 bays, 16 storied structure with provision of lift core walls and each storey height 3.2 m, having irregularity in elevation, is considered as the soft storey 3-D structure. An Irregular building is assumed to be located in all zones. Linear dynamic analysis using Response Spectrum method of the irregular building is carried out using the standard and convenient FE software package. To quantify the effect of different degrees of irregularities all the structures are analysed. In addition, the analysis carried out also enables to understand the behaviour that takes place in irregular buildings in comparison to that in regular buildings. For this the behaviour parameters considered are 1) Maximum displacement 2) Base shear, 3) Time period. Key Words: asymmetric building, soft story, base shear, displacement, soft storey, time period.
Analysis of Prestressed Concrete Girder for Bridgesijtsrd
Today bridge building has gained worldwide importance. Bridges are the key elements in every road network and the use of pre stressed girder bridges is becoming more and more popular in bridge construction due to their better stability, service friendliness, economy and durability, aesthetic and structural appearance. Typically reinforced concrete construction, steel construction or steel composite construction is used. In the case of high spans, reinforced concrete construction is uneconomical due to the larger span. , the cross section is used more efficiently than the reinforced concrete cross section. Pre stressed concrete is used for long span bridges with a span of more than 10 m. Conventionally, when calculating bridges, the superstructure and substructure are analyzed separately. The superstructure is usually a grid made up of main girders, transverse membranes and a deck slab. a grid of linear elements The columns of the main girders are anchored. The superstructure is examined according to IRC 62014 and according to IRC 182000 for unconsidered gravitational loads and moving vehicle loads. Reduction of the stress level and also of the deflection compared to the straight tendon profile. Avinash Kumar Vidyarthi | Dr. P. K. Singhai | Rohit Sahu "Analysis of Prestressed Concrete Girder for Bridges" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd46362.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/46362/analysis-of-prestressed-concrete-girder-for-bridges/avinash-kumar-vidyarthi
This work is done as a part of B.Tech. degree requirements in Spring 2013 (Jan-May'13). The author was pursuing B.Tech. in Civil Engineering at the National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli during the making of this project.
CADmantra Technologies Pvt. Ltd. is one of the best Cad training company in northern zone in India . which are provided many types of courses in cad field i.e AUTOCAD,SOLIDWORK,CATIA,CRE-O,Uniraphics-NX, CNC, REVIT, STAAD.Pro. And many courses
Contact: www.cadmantra.com
www.cadmantra.blogspot.com
www.cadmantra.wix.com
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF MULTI STORIED STRUCTURES USING STATIC NON LINEAR ANALYSISIjripublishers Ijri
In plan during the seismic excitation using nonlinear static analysis (pushover) have been performed on the
same structure. The literature pertaining to pushover analysis is reviewed. The pushover analysis adopted
in the present study is on similar lines with the procedure presented by Ashraf Habibullah and Stephen
Pyle using ETABS V 9.7 structural analysis software. The effect of earthquake force in a idealized G+4 story
building under maximum earthquake zone, with the help of pushover analysis has been investigated and
the results were compared in terms of base shear, displacement, spectral acceleration, spectral displacement
and effective damping and effective time period .to strengthen the symmetric and un symmetric RCC
framed buildings` steel braces are included by using retrofitting method.
Design & Analysis of High rise Building With & Without Floating Column Using ...IJSRD
At present buildings with floating column is a typical feature in the modern multistory construction in urban India. There are many projects in which floating columns are adopted, especially above the ground floor, where transfer girders are employed, so that more open space is available in the ground floor. As the load path in the floating columns is not continuous, they are more vulnerable to the seismic activity. Sometimes, to meet the requirements these type of aspects cannot be avoided though these are not found to be of safe. Hence, an attempt is taken to study the behavior of a G+15 multi storey building in which some storey’s are considered for commercial purpose and remaining storey’s are for residential purpose. This paper studies the comparison & seismic analysis of the multistory buildings with floating column and without floating column. Finally, analysis & results in the high rise building such as storey drifts, storey displacement, and Base shear were shown in this study. Design and Analysis was carried out by using Extended Three Dimensional Analysis of Building Systems (ETABS) Software.
SEISMIC ANALYASIS AND DESIGN OF PROPOSED ELEVATED INTZ TYPE WATER TANK AT SBP...ijiert bestjournal
Elevated water tanks are one of the most important lifeline structures in earthquake prone regions. The major cities a nd also in rural areas . The elevated water tank is an integral part of water supply scheme,these structure has large mass concentrated at the top of slender supporting structures are especially vulnerable to horizontal forces due to earthquake. All over t he world,the elevated water tanks were collapsed or heavily damaged during the earthquake because of unsuitable design of supporting system or wrong selection of supporting system underestimated demand or strength. So it is very important to select proper supporting system and also need to study the response of elevated Intz water tank to dynamic forces by both equivalent static or dynamic method and to find out the design parameters for seismic analysis. It is also necessary to consider the sloshing effec t on container roof slab. This sloshing of water considerably different the parametric value used in design and economical in construction. This paper present the study of seismic performance of the elevated water tank for various seismic zones of India fo r various heights and capacity of elevated water tanks for different soil condition on earthquake forces.
THE PROJECT DESCRIBES THE DESIGN OF STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS OF A BUILDING USING STAAD PRO(COLUMNS&BEAMS) & MANUAL(SLABS,FOOTINGS&STAIRCASE).THE PROJECT ALSO CONTAINS THE ESTIMATION & COSTING.THE AUTO CADD IS HELPFUL FOR DRAWINGS.
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF HIGH RISE BUILDING BY USING ETABSila vamsi krishna
RESULT OF ANALYSIS:
https://www.slideshare.net/ilavamsikrishna/results-of-etabs-on-high-rise-residential-buildings
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF BUILDING BY USING STAAD PRO PPT link :
https://www.slideshare.net/ilavamsikrishna/analysis-and-design-of-mutistoried-residential-building-by-using-staad-pro
FOR FULL REPORT:
vamsiila@gmail.com
ANALYSIS OF STEEL FRAMES WITH BRACINGS FOR SEISMIC LOADSIAEME Publication
In recent decants steel structure had played an important role in construction
industry. Providing strength, stability, ductility for buildings designed for seismic
loads. It is necessary to design a structure that can withstand under seismic loads.
Providing steel knee braces is one of the structural systems used to resist earthquake
forces on structures. Steel bracing is economical, easy to erect and occupies less
space which is flexible to design to meet the required strength and stiffness. There are
various types of steel bracing (X, knee bracing). In knee brace frame system (KBFS)
the non-buckling diagonal bracing provide most of the lateral stiffness, the flexural
yielding of knee element. In our project a 6 storey steel frame building with knee
bracing system with floor plan of 9 m x 9m is considered. We studied the performance
of a 6 storied steel frame building with knee bracing system and compared with bare
frame. Pushover analysis, equivalent static analysis, Response Spectrum analysis,
Time history analysis is performed in ETABS based on IS 1893:2002 (part 1)
guidelines. The manual calculation was done on the basis of Equivalent static analysis
and Response spectrum analysis to find out base shear for foundation and lateral
force for each storey deck slab and compared the values with bare frame. Depending
on the complexity in the problem for bracing models, we had used Etabs software in
order to analysis the Base shear and lateral shear. The results were plotted in the
form of graphs and tables for their inter storey drift and inter storey displacement.
The Mechanical Properties of Concrete Incorporating Silica Fume as Partial Re...HARISH B A
Concrete is the most important engineering
material and the addition of some other materials may change
the properties of concrete. With increase in trend towards the
wider use of concrete for prestressed concrete and high rise
buildings there is a growing demand of concrete with higher
compressive strength. Mineral additions which are also
known as mineral admixtures have been used with cements
for many years. Silica fume particles are 100 times smaller
than the average cement particle. Its handling and disposal is
a point of concern because of the environment concerns. Silica
fume is usually categorized as a supplementary cementitious
material. These materials exhibit pozzolanic properties,
cementitious properties and a combination of both properties.
Due to these properties, it can affect the concrete behavior in
many ways. In the present work, an attempt has been made to
use silica fume as a supplementary material for cement and to
evaluate the limit of replacement of cement for M20 grade
concrete. The main aim of this work is to study the
mechanical properties of M20 grade control concrete and
silica fume concrete with different percentages (5, 10, 15 and
20%) of silica fume as a partial replacement of cement.
analysis and design of mutistoried residential building by using staad pro
we considered g+4 residential building
ANYLYSIS AND DESIGN OF HIGH RISE RESIDENTIAL BUILDING BY USING ETABS
copy below Link to view presentation
https://www.slideshare.net/ilavamsikrishna/analysis-and-design-of-high-rise-building-by-using-etabs
vamsiila@gmail.com
Analysis and Design of Elevated Intez Water Tank based on Normal Frame Stagin...Venkataraju Badanapuri
Water is as important commodity as food and air for the existence of life. All plants and animals must have water to survive. If
there was no water there would be no life on earth. As water is very precious and due to the scarcity of drinking water in day-to-day life one
has to take care of every drop. Anelevated Intez water tank is used to store water for fire protection and potable drinking water within a
designated area or community over the daily requirement. Elevated Intez tanks allow the natural force of gravity to produce consistent water
pressure throughout the system. Elevated Intez water tanks are one of the most important structures in earthquake high regions. In major
cities and also in rural areas elevated or overhead water tanks forms an integral part of water supply scheme.
Seismic analysis of vertical irregular multistoried buildingeSAT Journals
Abstract It is understood that buildings which are regular in elevation (regular building) perform much better than those which have irregularity in elevation (irregular building) under seismic loading. Irregularities are not avoidable in construction of buildings. However a detailed study to understand structural behaviour of the buildings with irregularities under seismic loading is essential for appropriate design and their better performance. The main objective of this study is to understand the effect of elevation irregularity and behaviour of 3-D R.C. Building which is subjected to earthquake load. In the present study, a 5 bays X 5 bays, 16 storied structure with provision of lift core walls and each storey height 3.2 m, having irregularity in elevation, is considered as the soft storey 3-D structure. An Irregular building is assumed to be located in all zones. Linear dynamic analysis using Response Spectrum method of the irregular building is carried out using the standard and convenient FE software package. To quantify the effect of different degrees of irregularities all the structures are analysed. In addition, the analysis carried out also enables to understand the behaviour that takes place in irregular buildings in comparison to that in regular buildings. For this the behaviour parameters considered are 1) Maximum displacement 2) Base shear, 3) Time period. Key Words: asymmetric building, soft story, base shear, displacement, soft storey, time period.
Analysis of Prestressed Concrete Girder for Bridgesijtsrd
Today bridge building has gained worldwide importance. Bridges are the key elements in every road network and the use of pre stressed girder bridges is becoming more and more popular in bridge construction due to their better stability, service friendliness, economy and durability, aesthetic and structural appearance. Typically reinforced concrete construction, steel construction or steel composite construction is used. In the case of high spans, reinforced concrete construction is uneconomical due to the larger span. , the cross section is used more efficiently than the reinforced concrete cross section. Pre stressed concrete is used for long span bridges with a span of more than 10 m. Conventionally, when calculating bridges, the superstructure and substructure are analyzed separately. The superstructure is usually a grid made up of main girders, transverse membranes and a deck slab. a grid of linear elements The columns of the main girders are anchored. The superstructure is examined according to IRC 62014 and according to IRC 182000 for unconsidered gravitational loads and moving vehicle loads. Reduction of the stress level and also of the deflection compared to the straight tendon profile. Avinash Kumar Vidyarthi | Dr. P. K. Singhai | Rohit Sahu "Analysis of Prestressed Concrete Girder for Bridges" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd46362.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/46362/analysis-of-prestressed-concrete-girder-for-bridges/avinash-kumar-vidyarthi
Time History Analysis of Circular and Rectangular Elevated Water Storage Tank...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
In the world, there are large number of storage tanks which are used as water and oil storage facilities. Elevated water tank is one of the most important structures in earthquake event. As known from very upsetting experiences, elevated water tanks were heavily damaged or collapsed during earthquake Hence different configurations of liquid storage tanks have been constructed. Water tanks are play an important role in municipal water supply and firefighting systems. Due to post earthquake useful desires, seismic safety of water tanks is most important. In the current study time history analysis of rectangular and circular elevated water storage tank were analyzed using SAP 2000 software. In this study the concrete baffle wall was used to reduce sloshing effect of the water tank. The tank responses such as maximum nodal displacement, base shear and result were compared for empty and full tank water fill condition. From IS 11682:1985provision when seismic loading is considered only two cases may be taken one is tank empty condition and other is tank full condition. Finally, study discloses the importance of suitable supporting baffle wall to remain withstand against heavy damages of circular and rectangular elevated water tanks during earthquake. As per IITK-GSDMA guidelines for seismic design of liquid storage tanks, hydrodynamic pressure for impulsive and convective mode was calculated.
Comparative Study on the Design of Square,Rectangular and Circular Concrete W...IJERA Editor
Reinforced concrete overhead water tanks are used to store and supply safe drinking water. Design and cost estimation of overhead water tanks is a time consuming task, which requires a great deal of expertise. This study therefore examines the efficiency of Rectangular and Circular tanks. Tanks of 30m3, 90m3, 140m3 and 170m3 capacities were used in order to draw reasonable inferences on tank‟s shape design effectiveness, relative cost implications of tank types and structural capacities. Limit state design criteria were used for basic tank‟s construction materials- steel reinforcement, concrete and formwork were taken-off from the prepared structural drawings. Results of the material take-offs showed that, for each of the shapes, the amount of each structural materials increase as the tank capacity increases. Also Circular-shaped tank consumed lesser individual material as compared to Rectangular ones. Hence, this will give Circular-shaped tanks a more favoured selection over the rectangular shaped tanks.
Comparative Analysis of Sloshing Impact on Rectangular Overhead Water Tank wi...ijtsrd
Water supply is a life line facility that must remain functional in natural disaster. These structures have large mass concentrated at the top of slender supporting structure hence these structure are especially vulnerable to horizontal forces due to earthquakes. The rectangular water tank were collapsed or heavily damaged during the earthquakes because of unsuitable design of supporting system or wrong selection of supporting system and underestimated demand or overestimated strength. So, it is very important to select proper supporting system and also need to study the response of rectangular water tank subjected to seismic forces in different zones and to find out the design parameters for seismic analysis. It is also necessary to consider the sloshing effect on top and bottom slab of water tank. The effect of hydrodynamic pressure and pressure due to wall inertia and effect of vertical ground acceleration in the seismic analysis must be considered in the seismic analysis of rectangular water tank. This paper presents analysis to study the effects of sloshing in overhead liquid storage tank. In such structure a large mass concentrated at the top of slender supporting structure makes the structure vulnerable to horizontal forces e.g. due to earthquakes. This study focuses mainly on the response of the elevated rectangular type water tank to dynamic forces by both equivalents static method and finite element analysis using STAAD.Pro software. To find out the design parameters for seismic analysis and also the importance in the sloshing effect consideration during the design. Here an elevated rectangular type water tank is analysed with X bracing, V bracing and diagonal bracings. The analysis is carried out for X bracing, V bracing and diagonal bracings considering only the hydrostatic effects on STAAD Pro. Maximum Absolute Stresses in X bracing is 9.79 N mm2 and Maximum Principle Major Stresses in X bracing is 8.12 N mm2. Maximum Absolute Stresses in V bracing is 9.8 N mm2 and Maximum Principle Major Stresses in X bracing is 8.12 N mm2. Maximum Absolute Stresses in Diagonal bracing is 9.69 N mm2 and Maximum Principle Major Stresses in X bracing is 8.04 N mm2. It means that stresses are near about same in X bracing and in V bracing. But in diagonal bracing stresses are less as compared to X bracing and V bracing. The displacement is maximum in diagonal bracing but stresses are minimum in diagonal bracing. Whereas X bracing and V bracing gives same performance in maximum absolute stresses and maximum principle major stresses. The results under tank full condition shows higher values and such values decreases under tank , condition. Prof. Dr. V. R. Rathi | Avinash S. Nimse "Comparative Analysis of Sloshing Impact on Rectangular Overhead Water Tank with Different Types of Bracings by Using STAAD.Pro" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-2 , February 2022, URL:
Effect of Different Staging Configurations on Seismic Performance of Circular...IJERA Editor
As known from very upsetting experiences adequately designed Elevated water tanks were heavily damaged or
collapsed during earthquakes. Most of the damages observed during the seismic events arise due to causes like
the lack of knowledge regarding the behavior of supporting system, improper selection and design of supporting
system of elevated water tanks. This paper presents the study of seismic performance of the elevated water tanks
for various seismic zones of India with variation in staging heights and different types of staging configurations.
Total 27 combinations were analyzed using Response Spectrum Method (RSM) in finite element based software
SAP2000 by considering two mass idealization systems. Tank responses including base shear, overturning
moment and roof displacement have been observed with the aim of recommendation of best staging
arrangement for different earthquake zones in India.
Seismic Analysis and Optimization of RC Elevated Water Tank Using Various Sta...IJERA Editor
As known from very upsetting experiences, poorly designed elevated water tanks were heavily damaged or
collapsed during earthquakes. This might be due to the lack of knowledge regarding the behaviour of supporting
system of the tank, and also due to improper selection of geometry of staging patterns. For certain proportions of
the tank and the structure, the sloshing of the water during earthquake may be one of the dominant
factors.Dynamic analysis of tank containing liquid is complex involving fluid-structure interaction.In this paper,
the seismic behavioural effect of circular elevated water tank is studied for specific capacity of tank for various
staging arrangements in plan, variation in number of periphery columns and variation in number of stages in
elevation. Two mass idealizations suggested by Gujarat State Disaster Management Authority are considered
here. Under earthquake loads; a complicated pattern of stresses is generated in the tanks. Total 36 combinations
were analysedwith SAP2000 using Response Spectrum Method (RSM) and results are presented. It is observed
that increase in number of columns, does not assure the increase in the improvement of structural responses.
Radial arrangement with six staging levels is found to be best for the number of columns used. To suggest
number of columns with suitable diameter cost optimization is done for the radial staging arrangement with six
staging levels consideringcritical direction of seismic force, quantity of concrete and steel required. It is found
that eight numbers of columns gives less cost as compared to six, ten and twelve with optimized diameter of
300mm.
RESPONSE OF GROUND SUPPORTED CYLINDRICAL TANKS TO HARMONIC LOADINGcivej
Liquid storage tanks such as water distribution systems, petroleum plants etc constitute an important
component of life line systems. Reducing earthquake effects on Liquid Storage tanks, in order to minimize
the environmental and economic impact of these effects, have always been an important engineering
concern. In this paper, the dynamic behaviour of cylindrical ground supported concrete water tanks is
investigated. Analyses are carried out on tank models with different aspect ratios using finite element
software ANSYS. The natural frequencies and modal responses are obtained for impulsive and sloshing
modes. An increase of aspect ratio from 0.2 to 0.6 causes to increase impulsive natural frequency 3 times
and sloshing natural frequency 2 times for tank filled with water. The response of the tank to the harmonic
loading is also discussed. Deformation and stress response parameters for various frequencies of harmonic
loading were also investigated. The harmonic response of tanks with different fill conditions were studied
for tanks with aspect ratio 0.25 and 0.35. For tank of aspect ratio 0.25, the responses variations are not
significant as in the case of tank with aspect ratio 0.35.
Design analysis & comparsion of intze type water tank for different wind ...eSAT Journals
Abstract Any design of Water Tanks is subjected to Dead Load + Live Load and Wind Load or Seismic Load as per IS codes of Practices. Most of the times tanks are designed for Wind Forces and not even checked for Earthquake Load assuming that the tanks will be safe under seismic forces once designed for wind forces. In this study Wind Forces and Seismic Forces acting on an Intze Type Water tank for Indian conditions are studied. The effect of wind on the elevated structures is of prime importance as Wind flows relative to the surface of ground and generates loads on the structures standing on ground. Most of the designers consider the wind effect and neglect the seismic effect on the structure. The Indian Standard Code IS 875(Part-3) 2003 and IS 1893-2000 for Wind & Seismic effect is used in this study. The Elevated Structure is designed for various Wind forces i.e. 39 m/s, 44 m/s, 47 m/s & 50 m/s and the same is cross checked with different Seismic Zones i.e. Zone-II, Zone-III, Zone-IV, & Zone-V by ‘Response Spectrum Method’ and the maximum governing condition from both the forces is further used for design & analysis of staging. It is found from the analysis that the Total load, Total moments and Reinforcement in staging i.e. Columns, Braces & also for Raft foundation varies for Case-1, Case-2, Case-3 & Case-4. Key Words: Wind Load, Seismic Load, Intze Tank, and I.S.Codes etc…
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development is an international premier peer reviewed open access engineering and technology journal promoting the discovery, innovation, advancement and dissemination of basic and transitional knowledge in engineering, technology and related disciplines.
The Impact of Aspect Ratio on the Behaviour of Rigid Water Storage Tankscivejjour
Ubiquitous reinforced concrete water storage tanks are quite popular and widely used in Palestine as in
elsewhere in the world; they form pivotal components of major bulk-water carrier systems. In essence, they
form lifelines to many communities; the water storage concept is as old as civilization itself. Location and
land availability often dictate the topology of the tank’s structure. They may be either shallow and stubby
or deep yet slender or anywhere in between having an aspect ratio dictated by overall site conditions. In
all cases adequate structural analysis is mandatory.
The Impact of Aspect Ratio on the Behaviour of Rigid Water Storage Tankscivejjour
Ubiquitous reinforced concrete water storage tanks are quite popular and widely used in Palestine as in
elsewhere in the world; they form pivotal components of major bulk-water carrier systems. In essence, they
form lifelines to many communities; the water storage concept is as old as civilization itself. Location and
land availability often dictate the topology of the tank’s structure. They may be either shallow and stubby
or deep yet slender or anywhere in between having an aspect ratio dictated by overall site conditions. In
all cases adequate structural analysis is mandatory.
Axial Capacity Enhancement of CFRP Confined Columns Made of Steel Fiber Reinf...IOSRJMCE
Results of the experimental study on the axial compressive behavior of steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) wrapped with fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) have been presented in this paper. A total of 18 concrete cylinders were tested under axial compression. The effects of steel fiber parameters were investigated which includes fiber aspect ratio (AR) and fiber volume fraction (VF). The concrete cylinders were divided into groups of confined and unconfined ones. In accordance with previous study, it was found that, FRP confined cylinders showed greater axial stress than that of unconfined specimens. Although the presence of steel fiber increases the peak axial stresses for both confined and unconfined group of specimens, but no significant change of peak axial stress (and peak strain) has been observed in both confined and unconfined group due to increase of fiber volume ratio. But with the increase of fiber aspect ratio, the peak axial stresses of both unconfined and FRPconfined cylinders were found to slightly decrease. It was also observed that, concrete specimens reinforced with internal steel fiber absorbed much higher energy than that of unreinforced ones.
Smart Response Surface Models using Legacy Data for Multidisciplinary Optimiz...IOSRJMCE
One of the key challenges in multidisciplinary design is integration of design and analysis methods of various systems in design framework. To achieve Multidisciplinary Design Optimization (MDO) goals of aircraft systems, high fidelity analysis are required from multiple disciplines like aerodynamics, structures or performance. High Fidelity Analysis like Computer-Aided Design and Engineering (CAD/CAE) techniques, complex computer models and computation-intensive analyses/simulations are often used to accurately study the system behaviour towards design optimization. Due to high computational cost and numerical noise associated with these analyses, they cannot be used effectively. The use of surrogates or Response Surface Models (RSM) is one approach in Multi Disciplinary design optimization to avoid the computation barrier and to take care of artificial minima due to numerical noise. This paper brings out a method based on use of “Smart Response Surface Models" to generate surrogate models, with its validated subspace, in the design space around the point of interest with the use of legacy data for MDO. The method has been evaluated on three test cases, which are created based on High Speed Civil Transport (HSCT) Multidisciplinary Design Optimization Test Suite
Experimental and Numerical Modal Analysis of a Compressor Mounting BracketIOSRJMCE
Experimental modal analysis has grown steadily in popularity since the advent of the digital FFT spectrum analyzer in the early 1970’s. Today, impact testing (or bump testing) has become widespread as a fast and economical means of finding the modes of vibration of a machine or structure. In this paper, it presents the experimental and numerical modal analysis of a compressor mounting bracket (CMB). The dynamic behavior of CMB is investigated through impact testing. The three-dimensional finite element models are constructed using Altair HyperMesh and an numerical modal analysis is then performed to generate natural frequencies and mode shapes in the three-orthogonal directions. The finite element model agrees well with the experimental tests and eventually it helps the designer to design upfront with much lesser cost and time of experimentation
Analysis and Design Aspects of Support Measures of Main Caverns of Karuma Hyd...IOSRJMCE
The Power house complex of Karuma Hydropower project comprises three main caverns i.e Power house, Transformer Hall and Tailrace surge gallery set at a depth of about 80m in mainly granitic gneiss rock medium. The cavern has been oriented in a N141° direction based on engineering considerations. The principle stress direction is also found nearly parallel to the axis of the caverns and thus the present orientation satisfies both engineering and geotechnical criteria. The support by way of rock anchors and SFRS/ Plain shotcrete has been provided based on analysis using phase 2 software. The underground caverns lie in low geostress field and therefore numerical simulation of excavation of these caverns were done to understand the rock mass behavior during excavation and thus help in design of excavation sequence and rock support. The excavation of all three caverns has since been completed and concrete works are in progress. This paper sums up the 3D simulation analysis of the rock medium and the proposed rock support system for the three caverns.
A Review: Effect of Laser Peening Treatment on Properties And Life Cycle of D...IOSRJMCE
- In this review, the effect of laser peening process with and without protective coating is discussed over the different material and it is observed that the residual stress are induced in material surface up to some depth according to process parameters of LSP. Fatigue strength and micro-hardness of material are enhance by inducing residual stresses which further depends on process parameters and material properties.
Experimental Evaluation of Refrigerant Mixtures as Substitutes for HFC134aIOSRJMCE
Refrigerant R134a base systems has higher GWP value that's why the conversion of same into ecofriendly system is the major concern for refrigeration industry. This investigation focuses on mixture ratio of pure hydrocarbon R290 and R600a used in 200 liter domestic refrigeration system by certain changes in mass ratio of refrigerants. In the present work, first of all the effect of mass ratio of HCM refrigerants on the performance of the system was investigated. HCM of R600a/R290 (60/40 by wt. %) gave better performance than that of HCM R600a/R290 (70/30 by wt. %), R600a/R290 (50/50 by wt. %) and R134a. The mass ratio of HCM (R600a/ R290) refrigerants was optimized for the performance parameter with respect to evaporating temperature. The COP of R600a/R290 (60/40 by wt. %) mixture was higher than that of R600a/R290 (50/50 by wt. %) by 21.9% and 17.6% at -5 0C and 5 0C evaporative temperature respectively. COP decreased as propane mass fraction in HCM increased above 40%.
Simulation and Analysis of Electrolyte Flow Pattern in ECM for L-Shaped Tool ...IOSRJMCE
Electrochemical machining (ECM) is a non-traditional machining method based on principle of reverse electroplating (anode loses metal to cathode). ECM uses principal of electrolysis to remove metal from the work piece. Due to improper tool design of complicated shapes, there are chances of passivation and boiling of electrolyte in ECM process that causes poor machining. In this present study three dimensional flow pattern of ECM process has been simulated using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) in L-shaped tool models. This work is for optimizing the design of L-shaped tool and to study the flow pattern, current density distribution, velocity profile, temperature pattern, turbulence and final shape change of workpiece top surface. ANSYS was used for design and simulating this CFD problem, the geometrical model consists of a circular workpiece made with Iron, 20% brine solution (NaCl) as electrolyte and L-shaped copper tool with different kind of grooves.
Study on Transverse Displacement in Composite Laminated Plates across Thickne...IOSRJMCE
: In this paper main focus is given on alternative ways of thermal load applied through the thickness of laminated composite plate. Research has assumed gradient or constant thermal profile along the thickness of the plate. Laminated composite is a complex material therefore assumed loading profiles may not obey the gradient or constant thermal profile path therefore, as a research in all total 10 thermal profiles are studied. The results in tabular and graphical forms are presented along with discussion. First Order Shear Deformation Theory (FOST) is used for analysis. Various quantities, namely in plane as well as transverse displacements and stresses are obtained when thermal load is applied in various orientations along the thickness of the plate. Main focus in this article is analysis of transverse shear displacement and results are presented in tabular and graphical form.
Study of Forced Convection Heat Transfer with Single phase and mixture phase ...IOSRJMCE
In this study, forced convection heat transfer of nanoliquids is done using both single-phase and mixture-phase models and the results are compared with experimental results. The governing equations of the study here are discretized using the finite volume method. Hybrid differencing scheme is used to calculate the face values of the control volumes. A code is written using SIMPLER algorithm and then solved using the MATLAB engine. The mixture-phase model studied here, considers two slip mechanisms between nanoparticle and base-fluid, namely Brownian diffusion and thermophoresis. Al2O3-water nanofluid is used for the study of nanofluid and the study shows significant increase in convective heat transfer coefficient while the mixturephase model demonstrates slightly lower values than the single-phase model. The study is done with various nanoparticle concentrations and Reynolds numbers. With increasing particle concentration and Reynolds number, the convective heat transfer coefficient increases and as well as the shear stress. For low concentrations of the nanoparticle, Nusselt number is slightly lower than the base fluid and as the concentration increases, the Nusselt number also rises higher than the base fluid
Eigenvalue Buckling Computation and Impact on Pipeline Wall Thickness and Sub...IOSRJMCE
Submarine pipelines used in the transportation of hydrocarbon in the oil and gas industry are usually subjected to external hydrostatic pressure and compressive stresses resulting in susceptibility to buckling and loss of structural stability. The objective of the present work was to examine influence of wall thickness on eigenvalue buckling load and hydrostatic pressure on ocean depth. Linear buckling analysis was conducted employing finite element method using ANSYS software package and the simulation was conducted varying wall thickness and ocean depth. The investigation showed collapse buckling pressure decreased linearly with ocean water depth but increased with thickness increment. Pipeline buckling failure can be minimized with wall thickness optimization design and selection.
Mechanical Analysis of an Ixtle Based Cable for Its Use in ArchitectureIOSRJMCE
Thegrowing conscience for sustainability has driven humanity to attempt to go back to basic and natural materials, such as the use of earth, and the incorporation of biopolymers and fibers, producing, among other things, a diverse kind of structural elements applied to architecture. Natural fibers can be a good alternative given its abundance and the great number of possibilities in regard to its use.The lechuguilla agave Torrey is a plant, belonging to the Agavaceaefamily, that can be found in several zones of Mexico, and from it, the fiber known as ixtle, generally used in the elaboration of crafted structures, can be obtained.The present paper has studied the stress resistance of the ixtle fibers, of this specie and its qualitative effect when dosed in an earth mixture to be used as mortar for wall coating. The study consisted in stress testing the fibers separately and entwined for its possible use. In the case of the mortar, different samples of clay soils were taken, stabilized and dosed with and without the fiber, observing the effect when used to cover a block surface and determining the material’s resistance to compression. It has been found that it is possible to add fibers in mixtures and obtain a greater adherence in the block’s surface, besides, it can be added to clay samples for revoke obtaining resistances of 18kg/cm2. Finally it was obtained that by weaving the fibers, the stress resistance can be enhanced by over 600%.
Application of Artificial Neural Networking for Determining the Plane of Vibr...IOSRJMCE
In this paper a new approach for Artificial Neural Networking using Feed Forward Back Propagation Method and Levenberg-Marquardt backpropagation training function has been developed using Java Programming, where by directly feeding the RMS and Phase values of vibration, the unbalance plane can be detected with minimum error. In a Machine Fault Simulator RMS value and phase values of vibrations are collected from the four accelerometers placed in X and Y direction of Left and Right Bearings .Further these data are fed into the neural network for training purpose. In the testing phase of the neural network, the plane of vibration has been determined using different training algorithms available in MATLAB. Their prediction values have been compared with the actual value, errors for different training algorithms are calculated and a conclusion has been drawn for the best training function available for this current research work.
Effect of Stiffening System on Building Resistance to Earthquake ForcesIOSRJMCE
Multi-story steel buildings of various heights under the action of earthquake force are analyzed by using time-history analysis technique. The ground motion records of El Centro, California in 1940 are considered in this study. Different types of stiffening systems (bracing and shear walls) are used for the considered buildings. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the response of steel structures subjected to earthquake excitation and to investigate the effect of various stiffening systems in improving the response of these buildings. The finite element method of SAP 2000 V17program is used in the analysis. A static analysis is conducted to obtain an indication on the stiffness of the studied stiffening models in order to interpret the stiffness effect on the response of the structures under the seismic load. It is found that, the natural period of a structure is highly affected by the height of the structure and the used stiffeningsystem. It is inversely proportional with the stiffness and directly proportional with the height of the structure. It is concluded that the roof displacement andits maximum value at a specific momentdoes not give a clear indication for the behavior of building. Therefore the full time response of the building must be considered. Also it has been concluded that it is not necessarily when the stiffness of a building increases, the roof or any story displacement of the building decreases under earthquake load.
Resource Optimization of Construction Project Using Primavera P6IOSRJMCE
Construction projects are unique in nature, having their own difficulties, uncertainties and risks, posing never-ending questions concerning the resources and costs. There is always a conflict between ‘how much it will cost?’ and ‘where to raise the finances from?’. The success of a project depends upon the efficiency with which the project management gets the work done by utilizing the planned resources of men, materials, machinery, money and time.. In large scale projects, preparing an accurate and workable plan is very difficult. Resources are required to carry out specific tasks in a project, but the availability of resources within a given firm is always limited. While preparing the schedule structure, the Project Manager might schedule certain tasks in parallel. In such cases it might be possible that the same resource is being used in both the parallel tasks, while its availability is limited. This paper emphasises how the Project Manager could resolve such conflicts by using Resource Balancing in modern softwares such as Primavera (P6) R8.3, to reduce laborious computations. In this paper, the Resource Balancing techniques namely smoothing & leveling have been investigated in detail. This paper uses a case study in order to portray how Resource Balancing could be done using Primavera p6 and its effects are on the duration and cost of the entire project.
Optimization of Electrical Discharge Machining Process Parameters using SCM42...IOSRJMCE
Electrical discharge machining is a nonconventional machining process which enables machining of complex and intricate shapes, hard materials that are precise and difficult to machine such as heat treated tool steels, composites, super alloys, ceramics, carbides, heat resistant steels etc. The process involves spark erosion in the presence of dielectric fluid. In this work SCM 420low alloy steel is the material used for the machining purpose with electrolyte copper as tool. This work investigates effect of process parameters peak current (IP), Pulse on time (Ton) and gap voltage (Vg) on Material removal rate (MRR) and surface roughness (Ra). Response surface methodology is used for experimental design. The suggested model can be used in the different manufacturing firms by selecting right combination of process parameters to achieve optimal values of output responses.
Efficient Mass Participation Ratio of Building with BasementIOSRJMCE
This study investigates the effect of basement floor(s) on seismic analysis of buildings. Considering the basement floor(s) in the seismic analysis using response spectrum method creates a problem regarding the mass participation ratio (MPR) which should not be less than 90% of total mass of building as a requirement by the code. While the MPR depending on the number of mode shapes used in the modal analysis, some codes allow to neglect this ratio with condition that use a reduced number of mode shapes with some restrictions to calculate it. A parametric study was performed to investigate this reduced number of mode shapes and a new restriction was performed to calculate it. The natural period, the top lateral displacement and the internal straining actions using the reduced numbers of mode shapes were compared with those of building where using the number of mode shape which can reach 90% MPR. Finite element simulations are conducted using ANSYS program to investigate the effect of basement floor(s). Results are presented for different buildings by considering different numbers of floors for the super structure (2, 5, 10, 15 and 20), the number of basements (1 and 3) and spring support stiffness, which simulate the effect of soil. The numerical results of the considered cases show that the requirement of 90% MPR can be neglect by using a reduced number of mode shapes and some restrictions stated in this study. In such case the accuracy will be not less than 95%.
Literature Review of Experimental Study on Load Bearing Masonry WallIOSRJMCE
Masonry load bearing wall subjected to vertical concentric and eccentric loading may collapse through instability. In this Paper the buckling behavior of masonry load bearing wall of different slenderness ratio were investigated by many researcher has been reviewed via testing a series of scale masonry wall subjected to concentric and eccentric vertical loading. The influence of nonlinear behavior of interface element, slenderness ratio and various end conditions have been investigated together with the effect of different end eccentricity of vertical load.
Structural Design of Concrete Structure Using E-TabsIOSRJMCE
In the world of technology and evolution, the field of civil engineering has also grown in various dimensions. Earlier the analysis and sustainability of the civil structures used to be paper based calculations which led to insufficient accuracy of analysis and variable factors affecting the failure of the structure through inevitable instances. But with the help of integration of various engineering fields, this determination of various characteristic changes, durability, deformation or failure caused due to hidden factors which are left out in the manual calculations i.e. paper based have converted and led this system to whole new level. Now a number of software are developed for analysis, computation and management of building of civil structures which are highly precise. This document provides the various uses, merits of the software E-Tabs in the construction field and in the analysis of the concrete structures as well as steel structures.
Finite Element Analysis of Opening Plate, Fixed Tube Sheet and Floating Sheet...IOSRJMCE
)A heat exchanger is a device that is used to transfer thermal energy (enthalpy) between two or more fluids, between a solid surface and a fluid, or between solid particulates and a fluid, at different temperatures and in thermal contact. Opening Plate, Fixed Tube Sheet and Floating Tube Sheet is a part of Shell & Tube Heat Exchanger, used in refinery and oil & gas production. Typically, shell & tube heat exchanger can be considered as a pressure vessel subjected to uniform internal pressure. Hence the shell & tube heat exchanger in various design and operating conditions needs to be checked and verified for soundness of participating components. Opening, Fixed tube and Floating sheet plate due to uniform internal pressure in the shell & tube heat exchanger can produce high-localized stress and deformation. If the components are not designed for these conditions, safety of the equipment is at stake. Hence check for the stress and displacement of the shell & tube heat exchanger during operating condition is carried out using finite element analysis software and observed that shell & tube heat exchanger is free from collapse and serviceability failure.
Influence of Combine Vertical Irregularities in the Response of Earthquake Re...IOSRJMCE
This study investigates the effect of frame set-back with vertical irregularity in height on accuracy of Pushover Analysis for predicting target displacement, story drifts, base shear and performance point. The behavior of high rise building during strong earthquake motion depends on the distribution of mass, stiffness and strength in both horizontal and vertical planes of the buildings. The Indian IS code 1893:2002(Part 1) has pointed out of different structures irregularities like plan irregularity and vertical irregularity. In this study the seismic performance of G+ 16 storey having combine effect of vertical irregularity with R.C building are examined using Non Linear Static Analysis (Pushover Analysis). The Base shear, lateral displacement, storey drift and performance points are the response parameters use to quantify the performance of the structure. These irregularities are responsible for structural collapse of buildings under the action of dynamic loads. Five different types of building geometry are taken one regular and four irregular frames. The all buildings are modeled and analyzed in software SAP 2000. It was found that irregularity in elevation of the building reduce the performance level of structure.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
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Comparative Study on Dynamic Analysis of Elevated Water Tank Frame Staging and Concrete Shaft Supported
1. IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE)
e-ISSN: 2278-1684,p-ISSN: 2320-334X, Volume 14, Issue 1 Ver. I (Jan. - Feb. 2017), PP 38-46
www.iosrjournals.org
DOI: 10.9790/1684-1401013846 www.iosrjournals.org 38 | Page
Comparative Study on Dynamic Analysis of Elevated Water Tank
Frame Staging and Concrete Shaft Supported
Mor Vyankatesh K. 1
, More Varsha T. 2
1
(PG Student, Department of civil Engineering, J.N.E.C, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India)
2
(Assistant Professor, Department of civil Engineering, J.N.E.C, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India)
Abstract: This paper presents comparative study of elevated water tanks subjected to dynamic loading
supported on RC framed structure and concrete shaft structure with different capacities and placed in different
seismic zones. History of earthquake reveals that it have caused numerous losses to the life of people in its
active time, and also post earthquake time have let people suffer due to damages caused to the public utility
services. Either in urban or rural areas elevated water tanks forms integral part of water supply scheme, so its
functionality pre and post earthquake remains equally important. These events showed that importance of
supporting system is uncompromising for elevated tank as compared to any other type of tank. Damages caused
are the results of unsuitable design of supporting system; wrong selection of supporting system, etc. These
structures have heavy mass concentrated at the top of slender supporting system hence these structures are
especially vulnerable to horizontal forces due to earthquakes. This paper presents the dynamic analysis of
elevated water tanks with respect to the latest IS code published for liquid retaining structures by Bureau of
Indian Standards i.e. IS 1893 (Part 2) : 2014. Comparison of elevated tanks with different supporting system,
capacities and seismic zones states that these parameters may considerably change the seismic behaviour of
tanks.
Keywords: RC framed supported, concrete shaft supported, Convective hydrodynamic pressure, Impulsive
hydrodynamic pressure, STAAD Pro V8i.
I. Introduction
1.1 General
Indian sub-continent is highly vulnerable to natural disasters like earthquake, draughts, floods, cyclones
etc. According to IS code 1893(Part 1):2000, more than 60% of India is prone to earthquakes. The earthquake of
26 January 2010 in Gujarat was unprecedented for the entire country, then public learnt first time that the scale
of disaster could have been far lower had the construction in the region compiled with codes of practice for
earthquake prone regions. These natural calamities are causing many casualties and innumerable property loss
every year. After an earthquake the loss which cannot be recovered are the life loss. Collapse of structures
causes people to life loss. Hence badly constructed structures kill people more than earthquake itself. Hence it
becomes important to analyse the structures properly.
Seismic safety of liquid storage tanks is of considerable importance, as tanks storing highly
concentrated liquids in industries, or in transporting vehicles, can cause considerable harm for human society if
damaged. Water supply being the lifeline facility must remain functional following disaster to carter the need of
drinking and fire fighting. Since elevated water tanks are integral part of water supply scheme, its study and
improvising it becomes need of time. Elevated water tanks can be classified depending upon its shape and
supporting.
Based on shape, elevated tanks can be classified as;
1. Circular Tank.
2. Rectangle Tank.
3. Square Tank.
4. Conical Tank.
5. Intze Tank.
Based on supporting system, elevated tanks can be classified as;
1. Shaft supported elevated tanks.
2. Framed staging / Trestle supported elevated tanks.
Damages to the elevated tanks with both type of supporting system stated above are noted during
earthquake. Hence it becomes necessary to evaluate the optimum selection of supporting system for the
predefined requirements of tank. This paper presents comparison of elevated tanks with different supporting
system, capacities, and seismic zones. All the seismic analysis parameters are evaluated using the recommended
2. Comparative Study On Dynamic Analysis Of Elevated Water Tank Frame Staging And Concrete...
DOI: 10.9790/1684-1401013846 www.iosrjournals.org 39 | Page
procedure in latest code as well as in IIT-GSDMA guidelines, and is concentrated mainly to the Sloshing effect
that is happening in the water during earthquake.
1.2 Literature Review:
A Much of literature has been presented in the form of technical papers till date on dynamic analysis of
elevated water tanks RC framed supported and concrete shaft supported. Different points are covered in that
relevance i.e. dynamic analysis, sloshing effect on tank, dynamic response of framed staging etc. Some of them
are listed below.
George W. Housner [1]: Chilean earthquake that took place in 1960 was the main plot behind this
paper. He stated about the relation between motion of water w.r.t tank and whole structure w.r.t ground. Fully
filled tank, empty tank, partially filled tank, were the three cases considered by him. Sloshing effect was
neglected in first two cases as there is no free board in first case and other no water to cause sloshing motion.
Here the whole structure behaves as one-mass structure. But in the third case sloshing effect must be considered,
because here the structure behaves as two-mass structure. Concluding he stated that the maximum force to
which a half-filled tank can be subjected is less than that of totally filled tank.
Dr. Suchita Hirde & Manoj Hedaoo [2]: Hydrodynamic analysis of elevated water tanks for various
heights, capacity and soil conditions. The effect of height of water tank, earthquake zones and soil conditions on
earthquake forces have been presented in this paper. They considered RCC circular tank with M-20 grade of
concrete and Fe-415 grade of steel for analysis. Capacity of 50,000 lit and 100.000 with staging height of 12m,
16m, 20m, 28m with 4m height of panel are considered for analysis. Following were the conclusions made in
the paper [1] Seismic forces are directly proportional to the seismic zones. [2] Seismic forces are inversely
proportional to the height of the supporting system. [3] Seismic forces increase with increase in capacity of tank.
[4] Seismic forces are higher in soft soil than that of medium and higher in medium soil than that of hard.
R Livaoglu & Dogangun [3]: This paper presents the response of the supporting system of water
towers. Here they have considered frame staging as well as concrete shaft as supporting system for elevated
water tanks. In this paper they concluded that where there is high risk of seismic force, the cylindrical shaft
support system may be used because of having important advantages than the common used frame type system.
They also found that roof displacement response for frame support is higher than that of concrete shaft support
system.
Prasad S. Barve, Ruchi P. Barve [4]: This paper states the seismic behaviour of intze tank supported on
concrete shaft. Here the study is done in accordance with the change in aspect ratio i.e. h/d ratio where, h is
height of water in tank and d is internal diameter of tank. It concludes that with increase in h/d ratio, the
impulsive fluid pressure increases with increase in base shear and base moment for that tank. As h/d ratio
increases there is decrease in convective fluid pressure of the tank, since convective mass of water comprises of
sloshing effect observed during earthquake hence it’s necessary to pick optimum h/d ratio while designing tank
components.
1.3 Objective
[1] The main objective of this paper is to study the hydrodynamic effect on elevated water tank, with different
supporting system i.e. framed staging and concrete shaft placed in different seismic zones.
[2] Also to compare the analysis results of base shear and base moment with different capacities. Comparing
impulsive and convective pressure results as they may exert pressure in different magnitude.
II. System Development
2.1 Impulsive and Convective Mass
During an earthquake, elevated water tank with free liquid surface is subjected to horizontal ground
motion, and liquid in tank as well as tank wall are subjected to horizontal acceleration. Here the liquid in the
lower region of the tank behaves like a mass that is rigidly connected to tank wall. This mass is stated as
impulsive liquid mass (mi), which accelerates along with the wall and induces impulsive hydrodynamic pressure
on tank wall as well as base. Liquid mass in the upper region o4n the tank undergoes sloshing motion. This mass
is stated as convective liquid mass (mc) and it exerts convective hydrodynamic pressure on tank wall and base.
Thus the total liquid mass gets divided into two parts i.e. impulsive mass and convective mass. These mass are
suitably represented in spring mass model.
A qualitative description of impulsive and convective hydrodynamic pressure distribution on tank wall is given
in Figure 1
3. Comparative Study On Dynamic Analysis Of Elevated Water Tank Frame Staging And Concrete...
DOI: 10.9790/1684-1401013846 www.iosrjournals.org 40 | Page
2.2 Spring Mass Model for Seismic Analysis of Elevated Tank
Most of the elevated tanks are partially filled. Hence two-mass idealization of the tank is more
appropriate than one-mass model. It is also being commonly used in international codes. The response of two-
degree of freedom system can be obtained by elementary structural dynamics. However, two periods are well
separated for most of the tanks. Hence, system can be considered as two uncoupled single degree of freedom
system. This two uncoupled single degree of freedom systems, one representing impulsive plus structural mass
behaving as an inverted pendulum with lateral stiffness equal to the stiffness of staging, (ks) and the other
convective mass with spring of stiffness, (kc).
Fig.2 (a) Elevated tank Fig.2 (b) Spring mass model
4. Comparative Study On Dynamic Analysis Of Elevated Water Tank Frame Staging And Concrete...
DOI: 10.9790/1684-1401013846 www.iosrjournals.org 41 | Page
Fig.2 (c) Two-mass idealization of elevated tank Fig.2 (d) Equivalent uncoupled system
2.3 Lateral Stiffness
Lateral stiffness of staging is defined as the force required to be applied at the CG of tank so as to get a
corresponding unit deflection. From the deflection of CG of tank due to an arbitrary lateral force one can get
stiffness of frame staging. STAAD pro software is used to model the staging.
Fig.3 Deflected shape of tank staging for an arbitary force
Lateral stifness of concrete shaft is calculated according to the guidelines by IITK-GSDMA. Here,
shaft is considered as cantilever about the height of shaft from top of footing upto bottom of circular ring beam.
Lateral stiffness is given by: Ks = 3 EI/L3
..(1). Where, E = Modulus of elasticity, I = Moment of inertia of shaft
cross section, L = Height of shaft.
Minimum thickness of concrete shaft:
As per IS 1893 (Part 2): 2014, clause 8.2.1 minimum thickness of shaft is recommended as 150mm for
shaft diameter upto 4m. Shaft with diameter leass than 8m are calculated by: tmin = 150 + (D-4000)/80 ..(2) , and
for shafts with diameter equal to or greater than 8m are claculated by : tmin = 200 + (D-8000)/120 ..(3) where, D
= diameter of shaft in mm.
2.4 Numerical Statement
Dynamic analysis of circular elevated water tanks, supported on RC frame staging and concrete shaft
structure of different capacities and following specifications are performed as per IS 1893 (Part 2): 2014 for
medium soil condition and zone II, III, IV, V. As capacity increases, number of columns supporting in frame
staging structure of tank are increased with sizes of components kept constant for all tanks. Where as for tanks
supported on concrete shaft, the sizes of components are changed as shown below with increase in capacity of
tank. A 1.2m wide gallery is considered around the periphery of all tanks for access. Grade of concrete, grade of
steel and soil condition for circular elevated tanks are M-20, Fe415 and medium soil respectively. All tanks are
provided with appropriate free board.Here, H = Lowest supply level from ground, D= Internal diameter of tank,
5. Comparative Study On Dynamic Analysis Of Elevated Water Tank Frame Staging And Concrete...
DOI: 10.9790/1684-1401013846 www.iosrjournals.org 42 | Page
ds= Diameter of shaft, h= Height of water in tank from bottom of wall, N= Number of columns, t= Thickness of
shaft, where as, the ratio of H/D and h/D is kept constant for all capacities of tank.
Table 1: Geometrical Specifications for frame supported tanks.
Tank Capacity H D h H/D h/d N
(m3
) (m) (m) (m) - - (no’s)
T1 150 12 8 3
1.5
(±0.1)
0.36
(±0.1)
5
T2 250 14 9.5 3.5 9
T3 500 18 12 4.5 13
T4 750 21 14 5 17
Table 2: Geometrical Specifications for shaft supported tanks.
Tank Capacity H D ds h H/D h/d t
(m3
) (m) (m) (m) (m) - - (mm)
S1 150 12 7.8 5.5 3
1.5
(±0.1)
0.36
(±0.1)
150
S2 250 14.4 8.6 6.13 4 180
S3 500 18 11.2 8 4.5 200
S4 750 21 13 8.9 4.9 220
Please note the ratio h/d for tanks supported on concrete shaft are calculated from equivalent circular tank of
same volume and diameter equal to diameter of tank at top level.
Table 3: Constants.
Sr No. Constant Values
1
Seismic intensity (Zone II) 0.1 (as per IS code 1893 Part 2)
Zone III 0.16
Zone IV 0.24
Zone V 0.36
2 Response reduction factor (R), for tanks supported on frame staging 4 (as per IS code 1893 Part 2)
Response reduction factor (R), for tanks supported on concrete shaft 3.5 (as per IS code 1893 Part 2)
3 Importance factor (I) 1.5
Table 4: Components Sizes for frame supported tanks.
Sr No. Component Sizes (mm)
1 Roof slab 150
2 Cylindrical wall 200
3 Base slab 200
4 Roof beams 230 x 450
5 Floor beams 300 x 600
6 Braces 300 x 450
7 Gallery 110
8 Columns 500
Table 5: Components Sizes for shaft supported tanks
(Sizes changes as per increase in tank capacity)
Sr No. Component Sizes (mm)
1 Top Dome 110 to 150
2 Cylindrical wall 180 to 220
3 Top ring beam 250x300 to 300x450
4 Bottom ring beam 300x500 to 300x600
5 Circular ring beam 500x600 to 500x750
6 Bottom Dome 200 to 220
7 Conical Dome 230 to 250
III. Results And Discussion
For all the above stated Circular elevated tanks, RC frame staging system was modelled in STAAD Pro
and arbitrary load was applied at the centre of gravity of the tank. Following are the values of stiffness
calculated (T1 toT2). Also stiffness for tanks supported on concrete shaft is calculated below (S1 to S2).
Table 6: Stiffness.
Tank Stiffness (Kn/m) Tank Stiffness (Kn/m)
T1 10570.82 S1 259911
T2 12156.58 S2 270301
T3 17241.38 S3 363334
T4 18867.92 S4 413102
6. Comparative Study On Dynamic Analysis Of Elevated Water Tank Frame Staging And Concrete...
DOI: 10.9790/1684-1401013846 www.iosrjournals.org 43 | Page
3.1 Time Period
Time period in impulsive mode (Ti) and time period in convective mode of vibration (Tc) is calculated
and compared with capacities of tank. Since time period is same for all seismic zones, only single curve
represents time period in all zones below.
Fig.4 Capacity v/s Time period (impulsive mode)
Fig.5 Capacity v/s Time period (convective mode)
3.2 Base Shear
Total base shear (V), the horizontal force which acts at the bottom at the staging is resultant of two
different case base shears, one for impulsive mode (Vi) and for convective mode (Vc). It represents the increase
in base shear with increase in capacity of tank.
Fig.6 Capacity v/s Total base shear (Zone II)
7. Comparative Study On Dynamic Analysis Of Elevated Water Tank Frame Staging And Concrete...
DOI: 10.9790/1684-1401013846 www.iosrjournals.org 44 | Page
Fig.7 Capacity v/s Total base shear (Zone III)
Fig.8 Capacity v/s Total base shear (Zone IV)
Fig.9 Capacity v/s Total base shear (Zone V)
3.3 Base Moment
Since the large mass accumulation at the top of slender supporting system, the overturning moment is
the important parameter at the time of designing elevated water tank. Its observed that base moment for tanks
supported on frame staging is less than that of tanks supported on concrete shaft.
8. Comparative Study On Dynamic Analysis Of Elevated Water Tank Frame Staging And Concrete...
DOI: 10.9790/1684-1401013846 www.iosrjournals.org 45 | Page
Fig.10 Capacity v/s Total Base Moment (Zone II)
Fig.11 Capacity v/s Total Base Moment (Zone III)
Fig.12 Capacity v/s Total Base Moment (Zone IV)
9. Comparative Study On Dynamic Analysis Of Elevated Water Tank Frame Staging And Concrete...
DOI: 10.9790/1684-1401013846 www.iosrjournals.org 46 | Page
Fig.13 Capacity v/s Total Base Moment (Zone V)
3.4 Sloshing Wave Height
Free Board to be provided in tank based on the maximum value of sloshing wave height. This is
particularly for the important tanks containing toxic liquids, where loss of liquid needs to be prevented. Or if
required free board is not provided, roof structure of tank should be deigned for resisting uplift pressure due to
sloshing liquid.
Table 7: Sloshing Wave Height.
Tank
Sloshing wave height (mm)
Zone II Zone III Zone IV Zone V
T1 129 207 310 466
T2 140 225 337 506
T3 158 253 380 570
T4 178 285 428 642
S1 130 208 313 470
S2 139 223 335 503
S3 157 252 379 568
S4 169 270 405 608
IV. Conclusion
Following conclusions are made based on the aforementioned analysis presented in this paper.
1) Base shear for elevated tanks, supported on concrete shaft is greater than that of elevated tanks supported on
frame staging.
2) Base moment being important parameter while designing the structure is considerably greater for tanks with
concrete shaft supported. Hence the areas with high seismic intensity, threat to tank with shaft supporting
are more than that of staging support.
3) Time period in impulsive mode for shaft supported tanks and frame supported tanks differ subsequently.
But for convective mode the difference is less comparatively.
4) The deflection of staging is found to be decreasing with increase of capacity and change in staging pattern,
further causing increase in its stiffness.
5) Sloshing wave height is approximately same for the tanks with different supporting system, but it differs for
tanks as the capacity increases.
References
[1]. George W. Housner, 1963 “The Dynamic Behaviour of Water Tank” Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America. Vol.53, No.2,
pp. 381-387. February 1963.
[2]. Dr Suchita Hirde, Dr Manoj Hedaoo, “Seismic Performance of Elevated Water Tank”, International Journal of Advanced
Engineering Research and Studies/ Vol.I/2011.
[3]. Prasad S Barve, Ruchi P Barve 2015 “Parametric Study to understand the Seismic Behaviour of Inze Tank Supported on Shaft”
International journal of engineering sciences & research technology Barve, 4(7): July, 2015
[4]. R. Livaoglu and A. Dogangun May 2007 “An Investigation About Effects of supporting systems on Fluid-elevated tanks
Interaction” SS: Special Structures Paper ID: SS148, Tehran, Iraq.
[5]. Mangulkar Madhuri N, Gaikwad Madhukar V, “Review On Seismic Analysis of Elevated Water Tank”. International Journal of
Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET), Volume 4, Issue 2, March-April 2013
[6]. Soheil Soroushnia, Sh Tavousi Tafreshi, F. Omidinasab, “Seismic Performance of RC Elevated Water Tanks with Frame Staging
and Exhibition Damage Pattern” Science Direct ELSEVIER Procedia Engineering 14 (2011) 3076-3087
[7]. Sudhir K Jain and M. S. Mdhekar, October-1993, “Proposed provisions for aseismic design of liquid storage tanks” Journals of
Structural Engineering Vol-20, No-03.
[8]. Sudhir K Jain, O.R. Jaiswal, Spetember-2005, Journal of Structural Engineering, Vol-32, No03.
[9]. Bureau of Indian Standards “Criteria For Earthquake Resistant Design Of Structures” IS Code 1893 (Part2):2014, August 2014
[10]. IITK-GSDMA guidelines for seismic design of liquid storage tanks.