The document discusses the rules for forming comparatives and superlatives in English. It explains that comparatives are used to compare two things using "as...as" or "than". For adjectives, 1-syllable adjectives take -er, 2-syllable adjectives ending in -y change to -ier, and others use "more". Superlatives refer to one thing and use "-est" for 1-syllable adjectives, change "-y" to "-iest" for 2-syllable adjectives, and use "the most" for others. Adverbs form comparatives with "-er" and superlatives with "the most".