This document provides information on proper care and storage of drafting tools and materials. It recommends placing drawing paper in envelopes, providing individual storage for tools like T-squares and protractors, and keeping tools clean and dry. The document also traces the evolution of lettering from prehistoric pictographs to the Phoenician alphabet and discusses parts of a letter. Additionally, it provides background on embroidery in the Philippines, from ancient influences to its role in education. Different embroidery stitches and styles are described.

1. Common Drafting Tools and
Instruments

2. Mechanical Drawing Pencil and
Technical Pen

3. Drafting Tools

5. Drawing EquipmEnt

6. propEr CarE of matErials, tools anD EquipmEnt
1.
PLACE SHEETS IN DRAWING PAPER IN ENVELOPES TO PROTECT THEM
FROM DUST AND DIRT.
2. PROVIDE A PLACE TO HANG INDIVIDUALLY YOUR T- SQUARE
TRIANGLES PROTRACTORS AND FRENCH CURVES AFTER USE.
3. PROVIDE A SEPARATE CONTAINERS FOR PENCILS, COMPASSES,
DIVIDERS, RULING PENS AND TECHNICAL PENS
4. COVER THE DRAWING BENCH AFTER USING IT.
5. KEEP THE DRAWING BOARD ON A FLAT SURFACE TO MAINTAIN ITS
SHAPE
6. KEEP TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT IN THEIR PROPER PLACS AFTER USING
THEM.
7. PROVIDE A COVER FOR EACH TOOL TO PROTECT ITS SURFACE
8. KEEP YOUR DRAFTING TOOLS ALWAYS CLEAN AND FDRY. WIPE TOOLS
WITH A CLEAN DRY RAG BEFORE STORING.
9. USE TOOLS ONLY FOR THE SPECIFIC FUNCTIONS
10. KEEP AWAY SHARP TOOLS AND FROM THE REACH OF SMALL
CHILDREN.

7. Evolution of lettering styles
Origin and development of letters
Letterings can be traced back to prehistoric times during the stones
age written Communications was non existent. Which may be in
the form of sounds gestures and facial expressions, and ideas and
pictures carved in stones.
The Egyptians developed picture writing known as HIEROGLYPHICS.
These are the stages in the development of Egyptian writing.
• Thing picture
-Word sound picture
• Idea picture ideograph - Syllable sound picture picture
Letter sound

8. •
Phoenicians developed fixed symbols which known as the ALPHABET (Alpha and
beta) consist of 22 letters representing consonant sounds
•
The Greeks modified these and developed the vowel sounds. This was adopted by
the Romans and developed in the late 17th Century.

10. PARTS OF A LETTER

16. EmbroidEry and its background
•
Embroidery is an ancient craft that reached the Philippines (Through ancient Chinese
and Indian connections) even before the arrival of the Spaniards. It is a method of
decorating a cloth background by stitching thread onto it or affixing small metal beads
to it.
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
•
•
As early as the Spanish educational reform of 1863, embroidery took the place of
geography, history and agriculture in the women’s curriculum. It was taught as part of the
curriculum for all schools. It was common sight for young girls in the elementary grades to
be keenly at ease during their embroidery classes. They used Colando and Pina embroidery
for advance lesson.
In Orphanages, such as the ASILOS run by the Daughters of Charity, the girls became so dept
at the art that if folks wanted ASILOS. The Asilo de Molo in ILOILO by the 1920s became
noted for its delicate embroidered masterpieces, they instinctively went to these its delicate
embroidered vestments with traditional symbols and embellishments, later they also did
dainty designs on laymen’s clothing such as barong – tagalog and babies dresses.

18. Different Kinds of Embroidery
Stitches

25. Embroidery During the American Period
•
The American public school system continued the tradition. The school of household
Industries opened in Manila in June 1912 was first established on CABILDO STREET in
intramuros and later in Herran Sta. Ana to give academic training to certain women of each
province as would make them fit to return to their homes upon graduation and start
industrial centers.
•
Largest Embroidery manufacturers – Philippine Embroidery Corporations , South Seas
Trading , Philippines Hands Embroidery and Dressmaking, Malloy and Company
Manufacturer, Shalom and Company And Blanca Nieve.
Machine – Made Embroidery
•
•
When Machine Made embroidery was introduced in the country in the 1930s the majority of
the madistas or seamstresses, fashion designers and tailors still preferred to do embroidery
by hand.

26. • CALADO EMBROIDERY – it is an intricate
needlework that is why the threads to be drawn
should be the same number within the designs.
Tools needed in making Calado embroidery
• Needle
• Blade
• Embroidery scissors
• Magnifying lens