Technical Drafting

1. MAINTAIN HAND TOOLS,
DRAWING INSTRUMENTS,
EQUIPMENT AND PARAPHERNALIA

2. ACTIVITY!

3. Directions: Read the statements carefully, Raise the happy face
emoticon if the statements show proper ways of maintaining tools and instruments
otherwise sad face of it is not.
1. Inspect tools before using them.
2. You may use all drawing tools and
equipment regardless of price since all
of them are free from dangerous
chemicals.
3. Use the edge of straight ledge in
cutting.
4. Wipe the drawing tools with clean wet
piece of clothing before keeping it.
5. Sharpen your pencil before using it.

4. 6. Use triangular scale in drawing
lines.
7. Wipe the point of your drawing
pens with dump cloth before using.
8. Do not abuse or misuse drawing
tools and equipment.
9. Drawing pens should be stored
vertically.
10. Avoid throwing tools to
anybody.

5. 11. When using compass, hold
it on its handle.
12. Clean the working area
before start working.
13. Store T-square by making it
stand against the wall.
14. Always close the pen by
placing caps to prevent
leaking.
15. Wipe off the surface and
edges of triangles and T-
squares.

6. VERY GOOD !

7. LETS PLAY
MATCHING GAME
CARDS!

8. MAINTAIN HAND TOOLS,
DRAWING INSTRUMENTS,
EQUIPMENT AND PARAPHERNALIA:
LO1. Maintain Hand Tools,
and Paraphernalia
Drawing Instruments, Equipment

9. Drafting tools are indispensable
implements needed by the
drafter to perform his/her tasks.
A good set of drafting
instruments can be quite an
investment. Therefore, these
equipment must be well taken
care of. Keeping your drafting
tools clean, well maintained,
and properly stored will result in
better performance and longer
service life.

10. The performance of simple
cleaning, maintenance,
and storage procedures
help a lot in keeping the
efficiency of every drafting
instrument. The early
detection and reparation
of any signs of deterioration
will enable the drafter to
save time and resources in
the future.

11. Learning Competencies:
LO 1. Maintain hand tools, drawing instruments,
equipment, and paraphernalia
1.1 Recognize the boons in having proper
maintainance of tools, drawing instruments,
equipment, and paraphernalia
1.2 Orgainize benefits and good practices in
maintaining hand tools
1.3 Shows enthusiam during their activity
1.4 Value the importance of maintaining tools
and equipment to avoid damages

12. o maintain the quality of work
produced by a drafter, the tools he/she
uses must always be at their optimum
condition. A good drafter knows how to
extend the service life of his/her
equipment. Proper care, maintenance
and storage are the key elements in
sustaining the efficiency and precision
of these implements.

13. PENCILS
1. Use soft cloth or tissue to clean the pencil to
get rid of particles that may ruin your work.
2. Sharpen your wooden pencil with a quality
sharpener.
3. Keep your pencils in a secure case, or tie
them together with rubber band to avoid
breakage when transporting them.
4. Keep the pencil lead sharp and pointed
when drawing.
The following are common good practices in handling
and caring for your drafting tools and equipment.

14. 5. Avoid using solvents or other strong
chemicals when cleaning your
mechanical pencil. Such chemicals may
corrode the material your pen is made of.
6. Use only the lead designed for your
mechanical pencil to avoid mechanical
jam and clogging.
7. Load your mechanical pencil with the
8. Observe correct refilling procedure.
recommended amount of lead.

15. STRAIGHTEDGES, TRIANGLES, and SIMILAR PLASTIC and
POLYVINYL TOOLS
recommended.
1. Never use plastic and
wooden tools as a cutting
guide to avoid damaging
their edges.
2. Use a damp cloth with mild
soap to clean or remove
pencil or ink marks from
your drawing tools. A strong
cleaning solution is not

16. 3. Keep tools away from
direct sunlight or very
hot places to avoid
warping.
4. Store them in their
proper containers or
cases. Lay them on a flat
surface or hang them to
prevent deformation.
POLYVINYL TOOLS
STRAIGHTEDGES, TRIANGLES, and SIMILAR PLASTIC and

17. COMPASSES and DIVIDERS
1. Use only soap and water
solution for cleaning your
compass and divider.
2. Prevent rusting by wiping
the compass with a very
thin film of oil.
3. Clean the adjustment and
thumb screws often.
4. Store them in a dry place.

18. 1. Immediately remove stains and
dirt marks from the drafting table
by using a damp cloth after working.
2. Avoid using the craft knife over the
drafting table when cutting.
3. Do not put any container that may
accidentally spill liquid or food on
4. Refrain from putting heavy objects on your
drafting table.
5. Keep the drafting furniture clean and dry at all times.
DRAFTING FURNITURE
the drafting furniture.

19. Drafting tools are often delicate and have
many intricate and small pieces that need to
be well maintained to continue working
properly. Organizing and storing these items
has a great deal to do with keeping them in
pristine shape and working correctly. With a
little patience and developing a routine, your
tools will be well taken care of and working
for a long time.
Tools, Drawing Instruments, Equipment, And Paraphernalia.
Procedures In Cleaning, Tightening And Simple Repair Of Hand

20. 1Lay out all the
drafting
tools that you use and
separate them into piles
of like items. Place all
pencils together, markers,
erasers, rulers, stencils,
paper and miscellaneous.
THINGS YOU WILL NEED
•Gentle cleaner •Cleaning cloth •Rubber bands
•Drafting tube •Organizer tray •File folder
•Card stock •Plastic pouches •Art bin storage box

21. Take the erasers and rub out any black
marks. Do this by rubbing the eraser against
a clean piece of paper until the black
smudge has disappeared. For kneaded
erasers, these can simply be stretched and
remodeled into a ball, similar to bread
dough, to get the black smudge marks out.
Using the cleaner, spray the cloth
and wipe down supplies that have
residue on them. Pencils, markers,
stencils and rulers often retain oils
on them from fingers.
3
2

22. 4Run your hands through your
drafting brush to remove any
loose debris. Then, wipe it
down with the cleaning cloth
to remove any residue from
the handle. Roll up your
drafting papers into a tight
roll. Secure them with a rubber
the roll into a drafting tube
for storage.
band at each end. Place

23. 6Take your compass and wipe it off with the
cleaning cloth. If it is going to be stored in the
organizer tray, wind the compass down until
it is straight (versus at an angle, making a
triangle shape). If it has its own case, then
wind it to the size the case has set for it to be
stored, and place it into the box.
5Place the pens and markers into the
long slots of the organizer tray. Place
the erasers in the smaller cube slots. Fill
in with any other drafting materials,
such as lead refills, push pins, paper
clips, small rulers and mounting stickers.

24. 7Makea folder to holdall your
stencils. Create holding flaps in
an ascending order so the
stencils can be layered and easy
to see and access when
needed. To make these flaps,
simply use card stock paper and
cut it into 3- or 4-inch sections.
Glue each section onto a large main piece of card stock,
starting towards the top for the smallest stencil and
working your way down to the bottom. Glue three of the
four edges, leaving the top edge open for the stencil to
slide into.

25. Place this newly made stencil holder into a large
plastic or mesh pouch. Put a dry-cleaning cloth in the
pouch, placed over the stencils, to help keep them
clean.
Place the drafting brush and rulers into the pouch.
Then place the organizer tray into the pouch. If the
compass had its own storage box, then place this in
the pouch. All the major tools should now be in this
portable carrying pouch with your paper in the
separate portable carrying drafting tube.
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9

26. Proper Care and Maintenance
It is essential to take proper care of the drafting tools,
materials, and equipment. Below are some tips to properly use
and take care of them.
1. Avoid dropping your tools and equipment.
2. Never use measuring tools in cutting paper.
3. Wipe off the surface and edges of triangles and T-squares.
4. Sharpen and store your pencils properly after use.
5. Find or create and organizer where you can hang your
measuring tools.
6. Have a separate container for making tools.
7. Keep your drawing sheets in a plastic tube to protect them
from a dust and dirt.
8. Never lend or borrow drafting tools and materials if may.

27. Hand tools and equipment are subjected to different levels of
abuse while in use. These abuses may result in the tools being
dirty, loosely connected or even damaged. Before using any
tool or equipment, it is a must that they be inspected properly
to ensure that they are operational and safe.
One basic thing to remember to keep hand tools, equipment
and paraphernalia clean is to make sure that the workplace is
properly organized.
The work area must always be kept neat and tidy.
All tools and equipment must be placed in a clean and
Clean tools and equipment work more efficiently. This lessens
of mishaps.
the effort needed to operate them and reduces the possibility
dry place.

28. In maintaining the functionality and good
working condition of drafting instrument, damage
control, and prevention is one effective measure to
implement. This is done by carefully examining the tool to
identify the potential defects and imperfections that
could eventually cause further damage. It is also wise to
beforehand when acquiring new drafting equipment.
Usual defects of drafting tools and equipment
conduct a thorough inspection to detect defects

29. The following are the usual defects to look for when
evaluating the condition of the drafting tools and equipment.
damage.
CHIPPED or NICKED EDGES are usually caused by hitting
the tool’s edges on a hard surface when it is dropped or
used beyond its recommended application. Nicked
edges make ruts that result in poorly drawn lines.
CRACKS occur when tools are bent, dropped or
subjected to strong impact. When purchasing new
tools, carefully check their plastic or polyvinyl parts for
any flaws as these may eventually lead to greater

30. WARPED SURFACES are caused by exposing plastic tools
to extreme temperature and inappropriate storage
as screws,adjustment knobs and the like are present.
position. Wooden tools may also warp when spilled with
liquid or exposed to moisture.
FADED or SCRATCHED HATCH MARKS are caused by
misuse and improper storage of tools. When measuring
instruments are scratched or rusted, the graduation lines
fade and vanish.
MISSING PARTS could greatly affect the performance
and precision of the tool. When acquiring new tools,
double-check and ensure that all important parts such

31. DULL POINTS cause a tool to lose its holding capability
and drawing accuracy. Pencils, compasses, and dividers
have leads and needles that need constant sharpening.
BLOCKING or CLOGGING occurs mostly with tools that
have ink chambers and lead dispensers. This problem
is brought about by lack of cleaning and
maintenance of the tool.
RUSTING is caused by the oxidation of metallic
materials brought by poor storage and safekeeping
of the tools.

32. Common malfunction when using hand tools, drawing
instruments, equipment, and paraphernalia
The proper use of tools, equipment and paraphernalia
will greatly increase efficiency and occupational safety
in a workplace. Having the proper knowledge and skills
in using such tools is needed in order to operate and
use them effectively. But more often than not, problems
and malfunctions may arise while using these tools. These
malfunctions can be minimized by exercising careful
usage of the tools.
Malfunctions and other unplanned and unusual event may not
be totally eliminated, but it can surely be minimized.

33. ROLE PLAY!

34. Role playing: This role play activity is to help you
understand the importance of properly maintaining
hand tools, drawing instruments, equipment, and
paraphernalia. You will demonstrate the effects of
both proper maintenance and neglect of those
essential materials

35. QUIZ TIME NA !
Exercise 1:
Directions: The statements below are improper ways of
cleaning and storing drawing tools
and materials. Copy and Underline the word that makes
the statements incorrect
on a separate sheet of paper.
1. Use wet cloth in cleaning pencils and pen before
storing.
2. Fold the drafting paper and keep it in a box.
3. Store all items together.
4. Wipe your eraser with a wet cloth.
5. Store gel pens vertically in a mug or holder.

36. Test 2 - Directions: Read each statement carefully.
Write T if the statement shows
proper ways of maintaining tools and instruments
and write F if otherwise. Write your
answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1. Erasers are cleaned by rubbing them against a
clean piece of paper until the
black smudge has disappeared
2. Wash your hands with alcohol before and after
handling tools and materials.
3. Use triangles in drawing vertical lines.
4. Eating and drinking is allowed if you ask
permission to your teacher.
5. Choose drawing media such that are alcohol-
based as they are less toxic

37. ASSIGNMENT:
Make a list of the different hand tools, drawing
instruments, and equipment you use in your classes or
hobbies. This may include items such as pencils, pens,
rulers, compasses, protractors, scissors, glue sticks,
paintbrushes, etc.
For each item on your list, research and answer the
following questions:
a. How should the item be stored to keep it in good
condition?
b. What is the proper way to clean and maintain the
item?
c. What are some common problems or issues that can
arise with the item, and how can they be addressed?