This document provides an overview of linguistic morphology, focusing on word construction through derivation and inflection. It discusses how words are formed from morphemes, which are the smallest units of language meaning. Words can be composed of a single morpheme or multiple morphemes. Morphemes are then classified as either free morphemes, which can stand alone as words, or bound morphemes/affixes, which must be attached to other morphemes. The document outlines the processes of derivation, where new words are formed, and inflection, where a lexeme is modified to express aspects like tense, number, or person. It provides examples of prefixes, suffixes, and other affixes and how

1. GENERAL LINGUISTIC
THE CONSTRUCTION OF WORDS DERIVATION &
INFLECTION
PRESENTED BY:
• LEIDY YURANI POVEDA
• EDUAR FERNEY GIRALDO SANCHEZ

2. THE CONSTRUCTION OF WORDS
MORPHOLOGY
Structure
Word
formation
Morpheme

3. Morpheme
Smallest unit
of language
Sound unit
Meaning Unit

4. THE CONSTRUCTION OF WORDS
The words are formed in relation to elements of meaning or morphemes.
Morpheme is the most elemental grammatical unit in the given language.
A single word may be composed of one or more morpheme.
• One morpheme :boy
• Two morphemes: boyish
• Three morphemes:disagreeable

5. CLASSIFICATION OF MORPHEMES
Free Morphemes- roots
If morpheme is able to appear as a Word by itself.
Bound Morphemes/ affixes
If morpheme can only appear as part of a larger, multomorphemic.

6. Stem (root, base): The morpheme to
which other morphemes are added
Stem
Free (e.g.teacher, dresses,unkind
Bound (e.g inept, unkempt)

7. Stem & Affix

Stem : Carries the basic meaning

Affixes /attachments carry additional, often gramatical meanings.
KINDS OF AFFIXES

Suffixes: are attached to the end of the stem;

Prefixes: are attached to the front of the stem;

Infixes: are put in the middle of the Word;

Ablaut: Is a change in a vowel that carries extra meaning.

8. SUFFIXES ARE THE MOST COMMON E.G.

The past tense : matter of adding – ed to the stem;

The present participle is made by adding – ing:

The plural of noun is made by adding – s.

9. AFFIX

Prefix
e.g
Unhappy

Infix
e.g
Mother – in – law

Suffix
e.g
Happiness

Ablaut e.g. Sing Sang

10. DERIVATION & INFLECTION
Are two funtional categories of change in
morphology.

11. DERIVATION
Is the process of forming new
words.
Example.
Happiness, Unhappiness
INFLECTION
Is the modification suffering a
lexeme to express its position.
Example:
Write, wrote, written.
fat, fatter, fattest

12. AFFIXES

AFFIXES: Is a morpheme that is attached to a word stem to form a
new word.

Undo: prefixe.

Looking. Suffixe.

Derivational: blessedness.

Inflectional: studied

Prefixes: A prefix is an affix which is placed before the stem of a word

Unhappy.

Immoral.

Preview.

13. suffixes

Suffixes: Is an affix which is placed after the stem of a word.

Opened: where the suffix -ed marks the past tense.

Goes: where the suffix es marks the third person singular.

14. PREFIXES

If we add a prefixes we get adjectives un, nouns ness and
adverbs ly.

Adjective: unlike.

Noun: illness.


Adverb: frecuently.

15. CO-EVALUATE
EDUAR FERNEY GIRALDO SANCHEZ
My partner was dedicated in the performance of work, we stayed in touch with chat, cell phone
and Skype. Similarly, we work on the activity at the same time and listen to the views and
suggestions to improve the work.
Contribution : 4 points
On task: 4 points
Total points: 16
Cooperation :4 points
Communication: 4 points
Your grade : 5
LEIDY POVEDA
My classmate work responsibly in the realization of this presentation. We were in contact us
through various means. We share experience and accept suggestions.
Contribution : 4 points
Cooperation :4 points
On task: 4 points
Communication: 4 points
Total points: 16
Your grade : 5

16. THANK YOU VERY MUCH !