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This document discusses a parametric study of cold-formed channel sections with and without stiffeners under pure torsion loading. Five different channel section specimens were considered: with and without lips, V-stiffeners, and rectangular stiffeners. Finite element analysis was conducted using ABAQUS software to analyze the ultimate moment capacity and angle of rotation of each section under torsion. Experimental testing was also performed on true-length specimens under pure torsion loading to validate the analytical results. The results indicated that the torsional capacity of light gauge channel sections is enhanced by the addition of different stiffeners and lips.
A Review on Stressed Skin Behaviour of Steel Façade FrameIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper that studied the stressed skin behavior of steel facade frames. Some key findings include:
1) Introducing steel cladding to a facade frame, and connecting it with fasteners, increases the overall stiffness of the frame and allows it to resist lateral loads through stressed skin action.
2) Factors like the number and gauge of fasteners, frame dimensions, and cladding type influence the strength and deformability of the stressed skin system.
3) Finite element analysis confirmed that stressed skin behavior reduces calculated frame stresses and deformations compared to an unclad frame.
IRJET- Analysis of an Irregular Building with Stiffened Steel Plate Shear...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes a 15-story irregular building with diagonally stiffened steel plate shear walls (SPSWs) using software to determine storey drift, displacement, and stiffness. It finds that placing diagonally stiffened SPSWs at the building edges rather than the center reduces drift and displacement. Thicker steel plates and diagonal stiffeners increase the overall stiffness of the building structure.
IRJET- Performance Analysis of Corrugated Steel Plate Shear Wall with Vis...IRJET Journal
This study analyzes the performance of normal steel plate shear walls, vertical corrugated steel plate shear walls, and horizontal corrugated steel plate shear walls through modeling and analysis in ANSYS and ETABS software. It also analyzes the behavior of a vertical corrugated steel plate shear wall with a viscous damper in a building. The results show that the vertical corrugated steel plate shear wall has the least deformation compared to the other wall types, and adding a viscous damper further reduces the deformation and base shear of the building.
IRJET- Study on the Behaviour of Cold Formed Steel Frames Hollow SectionIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the behavior of cold formed steel frames made using hollow channel sections. Two specimens of single bayed-two storey cold formed steel frames of 3mm thickness were tested under concentrated loading along both the major and minor axes. The frames connected along the major axis exhibited 38% higher load carrying capacity than those connected along the minor axis. Material properties of the steel sheets used were obtained through tensile coupon tests. Previous studies on buckling behavior of cold formed steel sections and behavior of connections under loading were also reviewed to inform the experimental investigation.
IRJET- Analysis of Steel Silos Subjected to Wind Load with Various Slendernes...IRJET Journal
This document analyzes the structural behavior of circular thin-walled steel silos subjected to wind load with various slenderness ratios. Three finite element models of steel silos were created in SAP2000 with different height-to-diameter ratios (slenderness ratios): slender (4.2), intermediate (2.46), and squat (1.6). The models were analyzed under empty and full conditions to determine shell stresses and deformations. Results showed that deformation was highest for the slender silo when empty, but hoop stresses were highest for the squat silo when full. The analysis provides useful information for designing steel silos to withstand wind loads.
Analysis of Multi-Storey Steel Structure with Different Infills and Steel Bra...IRJET Journal
This document analyzes the seismic performance of a 9-story steel structure with different bracing and infill systems through modeling and analysis. Four structural models are considered: a bare frame, bare frame with precast panel infill, bare frame with X-bracing, and bare frame with X-bracing and precast panel infill. The models are analyzed using software to determine base shear, story drift, and displacement under seismic loads. Results show that use of bracing and infills helps reduce displacement and story drift, with the model containing both X-bracing and precast infill performing best by minimizing drift. Infill and bracing systems thus improve the structure's lateral stiffness and strength during earthquakes.
SEISMIC PERFORMANCE OF STEEL PLATE SHEAR WALLIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the seismic performance of a steel plate shear wall system in a 7-story building. Equivalent static analysis was performed using ETABS software. The building was modeled with 8mm thick steel plates as shear walls bounded by ISHB 550 beams. Various responses were analyzed, including bending moment, story displacement, story drift, and steel plate stress. Results showed story drift was within code limits. Bending moment was also within permissible limits, indicating the design is seismically safe. Steel plate shear walls can effectively resist lateral loads compared to reinforced concrete shear walls and are easily replaceable if damaged in an earthquake.
IRJET - Parametric Study of Cold Form Channel Section with and without Stiffe...IRJET Journal
This document discusses a parametric study of cold-formed channel sections with and without stiffeners under pure torsion loading. Five different channel section specimens were considered: with and without lips, V-stiffeners, and rectangular stiffeners. Finite element analysis was conducted using ABAQUS software to analyze the ultimate moment capacity and angle of rotation of each section under torsion. Experimental testing was also performed on true-length specimens under pure torsion loading to validate the analytical results. The results indicated that the torsional capacity of light gauge channel sections is enhanced by the addition of different stiffeners and lips.
A Review on Stressed Skin Behaviour of Steel Façade FrameIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper that studied the stressed skin behavior of steel facade frames. Some key findings include:
1) Introducing steel cladding to a facade frame, and connecting it with fasteners, increases the overall stiffness of the frame and allows it to resist lateral loads through stressed skin action.
2) Factors like the number and gauge of fasteners, frame dimensions, and cladding type influence the strength and deformability of the stressed skin system.
3) Finite element analysis confirmed that stressed skin behavior reduces calculated frame stresses and deformations compared to an unclad frame.
IRJET- Analysis of an Irregular Building with Stiffened Steel Plate Shear...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes a 15-story irregular building with diagonally stiffened steel plate shear walls (SPSWs) using software to determine storey drift, displacement, and stiffness. It finds that placing diagonally stiffened SPSWs at the building edges rather than the center reduces drift and displacement. Thicker steel plates and diagonal stiffeners increase the overall stiffness of the building structure.
IRJET- Performance Analysis of Corrugated Steel Plate Shear Wall with Vis...IRJET Journal
This study analyzes the performance of normal steel plate shear walls, vertical corrugated steel plate shear walls, and horizontal corrugated steel plate shear walls through modeling and analysis in ANSYS and ETABS software. It also analyzes the behavior of a vertical corrugated steel plate shear wall with a viscous damper in a building. The results show that the vertical corrugated steel plate shear wall has the least deformation compared to the other wall types, and adding a viscous damper further reduces the deformation and base shear of the building.
IRJET- Study on the Behaviour of Cold Formed Steel Frames Hollow SectionIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the behavior of cold formed steel frames made using hollow channel sections. Two specimens of single bayed-two storey cold formed steel frames of 3mm thickness were tested under concentrated loading along both the major and minor axes. The frames connected along the major axis exhibited 38% higher load carrying capacity than those connected along the minor axis. Material properties of the steel sheets used were obtained through tensile coupon tests. Previous studies on buckling behavior of cold formed steel sections and behavior of connections under loading were also reviewed to inform the experimental investigation.
IRJET- Analysis of Steel Silos Subjected to Wind Load with Various Slendernes...IRJET Journal
This document analyzes the structural behavior of circular thin-walled steel silos subjected to wind load with various slenderness ratios. Three finite element models of steel silos were created in SAP2000 with different height-to-diameter ratios (slenderness ratios): slender (4.2), intermediate (2.46), and squat (1.6). The models were analyzed under empty and full conditions to determine shell stresses and deformations. Results showed that deformation was highest for the slender silo when empty, but hoop stresses were highest for the squat silo when full. The analysis provides useful information for designing steel silos to withstand wind loads.
Analysis of Multi-Storey Steel Structure with Different Infills and Steel Bra...IRJET Journal
This document analyzes the seismic performance of a 9-story steel structure with different bracing and infill systems through modeling and analysis. Four structural models are considered: a bare frame, bare frame with precast panel infill, bare frame with X-bracing, and bare frame with X-bracing and precast panel infill. The models are analyzed using software to determine base shear, story drift, and displacement under seismic loads. Results show that use of bracing and infills helps reduce displacement and story drift, with the model containing both X-bracing and precast infill performing best by minimizing drift. Infill and bracing systems thus improve the structure's lateral stiffness and strength during earthquakes.
SEISMIC PERFORMANCE OF STEEL PLATE SHEAR WALLIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the seismic performance of a steel plate shear wall system in a 7-story building. Equivalent static analysis was performed using ETABS software. The building was modeled with 8mm thick steel plates as shear walls bounded by ISHB 550 beams. Various responses were analyzed, including bending moment, story displacement, story drift, and steel plate stress. Results showed story drift was within code limits. Bending moment was also within permissible limits, indicating the design is seismically safe. Steel plate shear walls can effectively resist lateral loads compared to reinforced concrete shear walls and are easily replaceable if damaged in an earthquake.
Stiffening and Strengthening of Deteriorated Cellular Beams by Local Post- Te...IRJET Journal
This document discusses research on strengthening deteriorated cellular beams through local post-tensioning. Cellular beams are prone to deterioration over time due to their increased depth and exposure. The study aims to introduce local post-tensioning as a simple, low-cost method to stiffen and strengthen cellular beams without adding new material. Local post-tensioning involves attaching reinforcing bars to the bottom of the beam and tensioning them using jacks to improve load capacity. Deteriorated beams were modeled and analyzed in ANSYS. The results showed that local post-tensioning combined with stiffeners was the most effective approach, able to recover over 180% of the original load capacity.
IRJET- Comparison of Seismic Response of RCC Framed Structure with FPB & HDRB...IRJET Journal
This document compares the seismic response of a reinforced concrete framed structure with a fixed base to ones using friction pendulum bearings (FPB) and high-density rubber bearings (HDRB) as base isolation systems. A 5-story building is modeled in ETABS and subjected to time history analysis from El Centro earthquake records and response spectrum analysis. Results show that base isolation increases the building's period, reducing base shear and story drift. Isolated buildings experience greater displacement but less internal forces. Both FPB and HDRB systems effectively reduce seismic response compared to a fixed base configuration.
Structural Analysis and Design of Different types of Castellated BeamIRJET Journal
This document discusses the structural analysis and design of different types of castellated beams. It begins with an abstract that outlines the advantages of castellated beams in increasing strength and economy. It then discusses the use of castellated beams in various structures and the fabrication process. The document outlines the design process for castellated beams, which involves selecting cutting angles, computing loads and moments, checking shear capacity, and ensuring stress and deflection limits are not exceeded. It concludes that castellated beams allow for increased structural depth without weight increase, improving strength to weight ratios and reducing costs.
COMPARATIVE STUDY ON ANALYSIS OF STEEL-CONCRETE COMPOSITE STRUCTURE WITH DIFF...IRJET Journal
This document presents a comparative study on the analysis of steel-concrete composite structures with different shear wall positions. Five models of an 8-storey composite building were analyzed: without shear walls, with a center shear wall, shear walls in the x-direction, shear walls in the y-direction, and shear walls at the corners. The analysis found that the model with shear walls at the corners experienced the minimum displacement, storey drift, and time period compared to the other models.
International Journal of Engineering Research and DevelopmentIJERD Editor
Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering,
Information Engineering and Technology,
Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,
Automation and Mechatronics Engineering,
Material and Chemical Engineering,
Civil and Architecture Engineering,
Biotechnology and Bio Engineering,
Environmental Engineering,
Petroleum and Mining Engineering,
Marine and Agriculture engineering,
Aerospace Engineering.
The document summarizes an experimental study and analysis of cold-formed steel channel sections under axial, biaxial, and eccentric compression loading. Sections were tested experimentally and analyzed using finite element modeling in ABAQUS software. Key findings include that cold-formed steel sections have higher yield strengths than comparable hot-rolled sections due to work hardening during forming. Cold-formed sections also use material more efficiently and can be manufactured in a variety of shapes and sizes. Finite element models were created to validate experimental results and study failure modes.
STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOUR OF SQUARE AND ELLIPTICAL CROSS SECTIONS OF STEEL TUBULAR...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on modeling the structural behavior of steel tubular columns with square and elliptical cross-sections connected by deconstructable splice joints. Finite element models of the joints were created in ANSYS to study their behavior under various loads. A literature review established the benefits of deconstructable steel structures. The model was validated by comparing its cyclic loading test results to experimental data. Parametric studies then evaluated the effects of splice thickness, length, bolt diameter, and pattern on the structural response of square columns under axial loads. An elliptical column model was also developed using the validated square column model.
Review on Cold Formed Lipped Channel BeamIRJET Journal
This document reviews research on the behavior of cold-formed lipped channel beams (LCBs) under various loading conditions. LCBs are commonly used in building construction. The review covers failure modes such as web crippling and buckling. Previous studies investigated how factors like web openings, stiffeners, and bearing length affect the strength of LCBs under bending, shear, and combined loads. New design equations were proposed based on experimental data. Further research is still needed to understand the behavior of LCBs with web openings under combined loads.
Dynamic Analysis of Multi Storey Steel StructuresIRJET Journal
This document analyzes the dynamic behavior of multi-storey steel structures subjected to earthquakes through modeling and analysis in STAAD Pro. It summarizes that steel structures perform better than other materials in earthquakes due to their lower mass and consequent lower seismic forces. A 20-storey steel building is modeled and analyzed using response spectrum analysis to investigate seismic responses at different zones. Results show base shear, displacements and drifts increase with zone and floor level. Dynamic analysis yields lower forces than static analysis, demonstrating steel structures' improved earthquake resistance.
IRJET- Response Analysis of Cold-Formed Dimpled ColumnIRJET Journal
This document analyzes the response of plain and dimpled steel columns with circular cross-sections under various loading conditions using finite element analysis. Dimpled columns are formed by a cold rolling process that work hardens the steel, increasing its strength. The study finds that dimpled columns have 24% higher ultimate load capacity than plain columns under axial compression. It also finds that a dimpled column absorbs impact energy more effectively than a plain column when subjected to both axial compression and lateral impact loads, with a calculated specific energy absorption of 17.17 kJ/kg.
IRJET- Behaviour of Castellated Beam with Coupled StiffenerIRJET Journal
1) The document discusses a study on the behavior of castellated beams with coupled stiffeners. A steel I-section beam is selected and analyzed using finite element analysis software.
2) Experimental testing is conducted on beams with two-point loading. The deflection at the beam center and various failure patterns are examined. The goal is to determine if load capacity increases or decreases with an optimized stiffener placed within hexagonal openings.
3) Previous research has looked at shear buckling behavior of web-posts, parametric studies of connections with circular openings, and using topology optimization to design perforated sections. Stiffeners are commonly used to strengthen plates and increase shear and moment resistance.
IRJET- Study on the Structural Behavior of Concrete Encased Steel Composi...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the structural behavior of concrete-encased steel composite columns. Theoretical, analytical, and experimental investigations were conducted. The finite element software ANSYS was used for analytical modeling. In experiments, reinforced concrete columns were compared to concrete-encased steel columns with varying steel section orientations. The results showed that concrete-encased steel composite columns exhibited higher load capacity and less axial shortening compared to reinforced concrete columns. The orientation of the encased steel section also affected the structural behavior. In general, the study demonstrated that concrete-encased steel composite columns provide improved structural performance over conventional reinforced concrete columns.
Research Paper on Analysis and Design of Steel Truss by using Angle and Tube ...IRJET Journal
This document presents research on analyzing and designing steel roof trusses using angle and tube sections. The researchers analyzed and designed steel roof trusses for an industrial warehouse building using both angle and tube sections. They then calculated the quantity of steel required and compared the results of the two designs to determine the most economical truss section. Their methodology included planning the roof truss, calculating forces, analyzing and designing the trusses using each section type in STAAD PRO software, calculating material quantities, and comparing the results. The goal was to evaluate which section type provides the most effective truss design in terms of weight and cost.
Comparative Study of Post Tensioned and RCC Flat Slab in Multi-Storey Commerc...IRJET Journal
This document compares post-tensioned flat slabs to reinforced concrete (RCC) flat slabs in multi-story commercial buildings. It finds that post-tensioned flat slabs are more cost effective than RCC slabs. The document reviews literature on flat slab design and seismic behavior. It also presents the benefits of post-tensioning, including larger spans, reduced dead loads, smaller columns and foundations, and the ability to incorporate additional floors in a given building height. Analysis using RAPT and ETABS software indicates that post-tensioned flat slabs require less reinforcing steel, post-tensioning steel, and concrete, resulting in lower overall building costs per square meter compared to RCC slab systems.
IRJET- Techno-Economical Analysis of Gabion Retaining Wall Against Convention...IRJET Journal
This document presents a techno-economic analysis comparing gabion retaining walls to conventional retaining walls. It analyzes rubble masonry gravity walls, RCC cantilever walls, RCC counterfort walls, and gabion walls. Design parameters like height, backfill, foundation, and loads are kept constant. The designs are then compared based on required cross-section and steel. The analysis finds that gabion walls prove more economical due to using locally available materials, which makes construction faster and cheaper compared to other wall types. Key advantages of gabion walls identified are easy drainage, flexibility to tolerate differential settlement, speed of construction, ability to use waste materials, and no hydrostatic pressure buildup.
IRJET- Composite Floors using Profiled Deck Sheet in Steel StructureIRJET Journal
This document discusses the use of profiled deck sheets in composite steel-concrete floors. It provides an overview of composite floor construction and the benefits of using profiled deck sheets, such as reduced steel and concrete usage. The document then describes the design methodology for composite floors with profiled deck sheets according to Eurocode 4 and British Standards, including determining the section properties of the deck sheet, required concrete volume, and checking flexural capacity, shear strength, and deflection. An example design is presented and the paper concludes that composite floors with profiled deck sheets provide economies over conventional concrete slabs, including reduced material usage and increased structural capacity.
Numerical Study on Flexural Behavior of Encased BeamIRJET Journal
The document presents a numerical study using ANSYS to analyze the flexural behavior of an ordinary reinforced concrete beam compared to a beam with an encased steel channel section. The finite element model found that the encased beam has a higher load carrying capacity and lower deflection compared to the ordinary reinforced concrete beam. Key findings are that the encased beam design improves structural performance by increasing strength and ductility.
IRJET- Numerical Investigation on Cold Formed Press Braking Steel Zed Section...IRJET Journal
This document describes a numerical investigation on cold formed press braking steel Z-section columns under axial compression. Various Z-section profiles were analyzed using the finite strip method (CUFSM) and finite element analysis (ANSYS) to determine buckling behavior. A parametric study was conducted by varying the yield stress of the steel sheets while keeping thickness and length constant. Theoretical analysis using the direct strength method and Indian code provisions were also carried out and compared to the numerical results. The scope of the study was to determine the most effective Z-section profile for carrying ultimate load with minimum buckling values.
Structural performance of prefabricated cage reinforced concrete composite st...IRJET Journal
This document discusses a study on the structural performance of prefabricated cage reinforced concrete beams. Prefabricated cages of varying thicknesses (3-6mm) are modeled and analyzed using ANSYS software and compared to a conventional reinforced concrete beam. The results show that a 6mm thick cage performs better than the other thicknesses and conventional beam, exhibiting an 8.5% increase in load capacity. Further studies are conducted to analyze the effect of varying the shape of the cage confinement (elliptical, triangular, diamond shapes) and using single or double spiral reinforcement. The diamond shaped cage is found to improve performance by 35.3% compared to the conventional beam. This study indicates that prefabricated cages can improve beam
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
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International Journal of Engineering Research and DevelopmentIJERD Editor
Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering,
Information Engineering and Technology,
Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,
Automation and Mechatronics Engineering,
Material and Chemical Engineering,
Civil and Architecture Engineering,
Biotechnology and Bio Engineering,
Environmental Engineering,
Petroleum and Mining Engineering,
Marine and Agriculture engineering,
Aerospace Engineering.
The document summarizes an experimental study and analysis of cold-formed steel channel sections under axial, biaxial, and eccentric compression loading. Sections were tested experimentally and analyzed using finite element modeling in ABAQUS software. Key findings include that cold-formed steel sections have higher yield strengths than comparable hot-rolled sections due to work hardening during forming. Cold-formed sections also use material more efficiently and can be manufactured in a variety of shapes and sizes. Finite element models were created to validate experimental results and study failure modes.
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TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...IRJET Journal
This study compares the use of Stark Steel and TMT Steel as reinforcement materials in a two-way reinforced concrete slab. Mechanical testing is conducted to determine the tensile strength, yield strength, and other properties of each material. A two-way slab design adhering to codes and standards is executed with both materials. The performance is analyzed in terms of deflection, stability under loads, and displacement. Cost analyses accounting for material, durability, maintenance, and life cycle costs are also conducted. The findings provide insights into the economic and structural implications of each material for reinforcement selection and recommendations on the most suitable material based on the analysis.
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil CharacteristicsIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study analyzing the effect of camber, position of camber, and angle of attack on the aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils. Sixteen modified asymmetric NACA airfoils were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) by varying the camber, camber position, and angle of attack. The results showed the relationship between these parameters and the lift coefficient, drag coefficient, and lift to drag ratio. This provides insight into how changes in airfoil geometry impact aerodynamic performance.
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the progress and challenges of aluminum-based metal matrix composites (MMCs), focusing on their fabrication processes and applications. It discusses how various aluminum MMCs have been developed using reinforcements like borides, carbides, oxides, and nitrides to improve mechanical and wear properties. These composites have gained prominence for their lightweight, high-strength and corrosion resistance properties. The document also examines recent advancements in fabrication techniques for aluminum MMCs and their growing applications in industries such as aerospace and automotive. However, it notes that challenges remain around issues like improper mixing of reinforcements and reducing reinforcement agglomeration.
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...IRJET Journal
This document discusses research on using graph neural networks (GNNs) for dynamic optimization of public transportation networks in real-time. GNNs represent transit networks as graphs with nodes as stops and edges as connections. The GNN model aims to optimize networks using real-time data on vehicle locations, arrival times, and passenger loads. This helps increase mobility, decrease traffic, and improve efficiency. The system continuously trains and infers to adapt to changing transit conditions, providing decision support tools. While research has focused on performance, more work is needed on security, socio-economic impacts, contextual generalization of models, continuous learning approaches, and effective real-time visualization.
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research project that aims to compare the structural performance of conventional slab and grid slab systems in multi-story buildings using ETABS software. The study will analyze both symmetric and asymmetric building models under various loading conditions. Parameters like deflections, moments, shears, and stresses will be examined to evaluate the structural effectiveness of each slab type. The results will provide insights into the comparative behavior of conventional and grid slabs to help engineers and architects select appropriate slab systems based on building layouts and design requirements.
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes and reviews a research paper on the seismic response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures with plan and vertical irregularities, with and without infill walls. It discusses how infill walls can improve or reduce the seismic performance of RC buildings, depending on factors like wall layout, height distribution, connection to the frame, and relative stiffness of walls and frames. The reviewed research paper analyzes the behavior of infill walls, effects of vertical irregularities, and seismic performance of high-rise structures under linear static and dynamic analysis. It studies response characteristics like story drift, deflection and shear. The document also provides literature on similar research investigating the effects of infill walls, soft stories, plan irregularities, and different
This document provides a review of machine learning techniques used in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). It begins with an abstract that summarizes key applications of machine learning in ADAS, including object detection, recognition, and decision-making. The introduction discusses the integration of machine learning in ADAS and how it is transforming vehicle safety. The literature review then examines several research papers on topics like lightweight deep learning models for object detection and lane detection models using image processing. It concludes by discussing challenges and opportunities in the field, such as improving algorithm robustness and adaptability.
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes temperature and precipitation trends in Asosa District, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia from 1993 to 2022 based on data from the local meteorological station. The results show:
1) The average maximum and minimum annual temperatures have generally decreased over time, with maximum temperatures decreasing by a factor of -0.0341 and minimum by -0.0152.
2) Mann-Kendall tests found the decreasing temperature trends to be statistically significant for annual maximum temperatures but not for annual minimum temperatures.
3) Annual precipitation in Asosa District showed a statistically significant increasing trend.
The conclusions recommend development planners account for rising summer precipitation and declining temperatures in
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD ProIRJET Journal
This document discusses the design and analysis of pre-engineered building (PEB) framed structures using STAAD Pro software. It provides an overview of PEBs, including that they are designed off-site with building trusses and beams produced in a factory. STAAD Pro is identified as a key tool for modeling, analyzing, and designing PEBs to ensure their performance and safety under various load scenarios. The document outlines modeling structural parts in STAAD Pro, evaluating structural reactions, assigning loads, and following international design codes and standards. In summary, STAAD Pro is used to design and analyze PEB framed structures to ensure safety and code compliance.
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on innovative fiber integration methods for reinforcing concrete structures. It discusses studies that have explored using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with recycled plastic aggregates to develop more sustainable strengthening techniques. It also examines using ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete to improve shear strength in beams. Additional topics covered include the dynamic responses of FRP-strengthened beams under static and impact loads, and the performance of preloaded CFRP-strengthened fiber reinforced concrete beams. The review highlights the potential of fiber composites to enable more sustainable and resilient construction practices.
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a survey on securing patient healthcare data in cloud-based systems. It discusses using technologies like facial recognition, smart cards, and cloud computing combined with strong encryption to securely store patient data. The survey found that healthcare professionals believe digitizing patient records and storing them in a centralized cloud system would improve access during emergencies and enable more efficient care compared to paper-based systems. However, ensuring privacy and security of patient data is paramount as healthcare incorporates these digital technologies.
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridgesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes several studies that have been conducted on widening existing concrete bridges. It describes a study from China that examined load distribution factors for a bridge widened with composite steel-concrete girders. It also outlines challenges and solutions for widening a bridge in the UAE, including replacing bearings and stitching the new and existing structures. Additionally, it discusses two bridge widening projects in New Zealand that involved adding precast beams and stitching to connect structures. Finally, safety measures and challenges for strengthening a historic bridge in Switzerland under live traffic are presented.
React based fullstack edtech web applicationIRJET Journal
The document describes the architecture of an educational technology web application built using the MERN stack. It discusses the frontend developed with ReactJS, backend with NodeJS and ExpressJS, and MongoDB database. The frontend provides dynamic user interfaces, while the backend offers APIs for authentication, course management, and other functions. MongoDB enables flexible data storage. The architecture aims to provide a scalable, responsive platform for online learning.
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...IRJET Journal
This paper proposes integrating Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain technologies to help implement objectives of India's National Education Policy (NEP) in the education sector. The paper discusses how blockchain could be used for secure student data management, credential verification, and decentralized learning platforms. IoT devices could create smart classrooms, automate attendance tracking, and enable real-time monitoring. Blockchain would ensure integrity of exam processes and resource allocation, while smart contracts automate agreements. The paper argues this integration has potential to revolutionize education by making it more secure, transparent and efficient, in alignment with NEP goals. However, challenges like infrastructure needs, data privacy, and collaborative efforts are also discussed.
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on the performance of coconut fibre reinforced concrete. It summarizes several studies that tested different volume fractions and lengths of coconut fibres in concrete mixtures with varying compressive strengths. The studies found that coconut fibre improved properties like tensile strength, toughness, crack resistance, and spalling resistance compared to plain concrete. Volume fractions of 2-5% and fibre lengths of 20-50mm produced the best results. The document concludes that using a 4-5% volume fraction of coconut fibres 30-40mm in length with M30-M60 grade concrete would provide benefits based on previous research.
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...IRJET Journal
The document discusses optimizing business management processes through automation using Microsoft Power Automate and artificial intelligence. It provides an overview of Power Automate's key components and features for automating workflows across various apps and services. The document then presents several scenarios applying automation solutions to common business processes like data entry, monitoring, HR, finance, customer support, and more. It estimates the potential time and cost savings from implementing automation for each scenario. Finally, the conclusion emphasizes the transformative impact of AI and automation tools on business processes and the need for ongoing optimization.
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic DesignIRJET Journal
The document describes the seismic design of a G+5 steel building frame located in Roorkee, India according to Indian codes IS 1893-2002 and IS 800. The frame was analyzed using the equivalent static load method and response spectrum method, and its response in terms of displacements and shear forces were compared. Based on the analysis, the frame was designed as a seismic-resistant steel structure according to IS 800:2007. The software STAAD Pro was used for the analysis and design.
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...IRJET Journal
This research paper explores using plastic waste as a sustainable and cost-effective construction material. The study focuses on manufacturing pavers and bricks using recycled plastic and partially replacing concrete with plastic alternatives. Initial results found that pavers and bricks made from recycled plastic demonstrate comparable strength and durability to traditional materials while providing environmental and cost benefits. Additionally, preliminary research indicates incorporating plastic waste as a partial concrete replacement significantly reduces construction costs without compromising structural integrity. The outcomes suggest adopting plastic waste in construction can address plastic pollution while optimizing costs, promoting more sustainable building practices.
Impartiality as per ISO /IEC 17025:2017 StandardMuhammadJazib15
This document provides basic guidelines for imparitallity requirement of ISO 17025. It defines in detial how it is met and wiudhwdih jdhsjdhwudjwkdbjwkdddddddddddkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwioiiiiiiiiiiiii uwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwwhe wiqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqq gbbbbbbbbbbbbb owdjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjj widhi owqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqq uwdhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhwqiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiw0pooooojjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjj whhhhhhhhhhh wheeeeeeee wihieiiiiii wihe
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Accident detection system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
The Rapid growth of technology and infrastructure has made our lives easier. The
advent of technology has also increased the traffic hazards and the road accidents take place
frequently which causes huge loss of life and property because of the poor emergency facilities.
Many lives could have been saved if emergency service could get accident information and
reach in time. Our project will provide an optimum solution to this draw back. A piezo electric
sensor can be used as a crash or rollover detector of the vehicle during and after a crash. With
signals from a piezo electric sensor, a severe accident can be recognized. According to this
project when a vehicle meets with an accident immediately piezo electric sensor will detect the
signal or if a car rolls over. Then with the help of GSM module and GPS module, the location
will be sent to the emergency contact. Then after conforming the location necessary action will
be taken. If the person meets with a small accident or if there is no serious threat to anyone’s
life, then the alert message can be terminated by the driver by a switch provided in order to
avoid wasting the valuable time of the medical rescue team.
Determination of Equivalent Circuit parameters and performance characteristic...pvpriya2
Includes the testing of induction motor to draw the circle diagram of induction motor with step wise procedure and calculation for the same. Also explains the working and application of Induction generator
Digital Twins Computer Networking Paper Presentation.pptxaryanpankaj78
A Digital Twin in computer networking is a virtual representation of a physical network, used to simulate, analyze, and optimize network performance and reliability. It leverages real-time data to enhance network management, predict issues, and improve decision-making processes.
Applications of artificial Intelligence in Mechanical Engineering.pdfAtif Razi
Historically, mechanical engineering has relied heavily on human expertise and empirical methods to solve complex problems. With the introduction of computer-aided design (CAD) and finite element analysis (FEA), the field took its first steps towards digitization. These tools allowed engineers to simulate and analyze mechanical systems with greater accuracy and efficiency. However, the sheer volume of data generated by modern engineering systems and the increasing complexity of these systems have necessitated more advanced analytical tools, paving the way for AI.
AI offers the capability to process vast amounts of data, identify patterns, and make predictions with a level of speed and accuracy unattainable by traditional methods. This has profound implications for mechanical engineering, enabling more efficient design processes, predictive maintenance strategies, and optimized manufacturing operations. AI-driven tools can learn from historical data, adapt to new information, and continuously improve their performance, making them invaluable in tackling the multifaceted challenges of modern mechanical engineering.
We have designed & manufacture the Lubi Valves LBF series type of Butterfly Valves for General Utility Water applications as well as for HVAC applications.
AI in customer support Use cases solutions development and implementation.pdfmahaffeycheryld
AI in customer support will integrate with emerging technologies such as augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) to enhance service delivery. AR-enabled smart glasses or VR environments will provide immersive support experiences, allowing customers to visualize solutions, receive step-by-step guidance, and interact with virtual support agents in real-time. These technologies will bridge the gap between physical and digital experiences, offering innovative ways to resolve issues, demonstrate products, and deliver personalized training and support.
https://www.leewayhertz.com/ai-in-customer-support/#How-does-AI-work-in-customer-support