Developmental learning theory of Jean Piaget

1. Cognitive Learning (jean Piaget)
Presented by
Ramesh Prasad Lamichhane
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2. Overview of presentation
• Concept of cognitive learning theory
• Processes of cognitive learning
• Stages of cognitive development
• Educational implications of cognitive learning
• References
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3. Concept of Cognitive learning theory
. Developed by foremost cognitive theorist Jean Piaget.
. It is also called rational/cognitive constructivism.
. It is genetic epistemology (combination of cognitive
development & processes of cognitive development).
. It is concerned with mental development of child .
. It is a progressive reorganization of mental process .
Dandekar & Makhija (3rd edition,2002)
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4. Processes of cognitive learning
1.Schema
• Understanding & knowledge of the world .
• Representations in the mind of a set of perception, object &
action .
• Cognitive structure and mental plan .
• Schemas are not fixed but develop with experience .
• Schemas are basic building blocks of cognitive models.
• Organized form of behavior or thought (mental image).
• Determine through response of physical and environment
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5. Contd……
2. Assimilation
• Integrating external elements into mental structure .
• Based on how child perceive & adapt new information .
• It is the process of fitting new information into pre existing
cognitive schemas.
• Assimilate with old ideas.
• A kind of matching between the cognitive structure &
physical environment .
• The individual old schema does not change into this process.
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6. Contd…
3. Accommodation
• The adjustment or modification of schemas new information
is generated.
• The process by which the cognitive structure is modified .
• It is based on how child will continue to interpret new
concept or schemas .
• Altering pre existing schemas in order to fit in the new
information.
• Modification of existing cognitive structure .
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7. Contd……
4. Equilibration
• Equilibration can be defined as the continuous drive toward
equilibrium or balance.
• The balance between what is known & what is currently
being processed of new material.
• It is the force which moves development along.
• A regularity process whereby the individual balances the
demands of assimilation & accommodation in order to
maintain intellectual ability.
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8. Contd….
5. Interiorization
. Children are more capable for responding to more complex
situation .
• Children are less dependence here & there.
• Capable for thinking .
• Decreasing dependence on the physical environment.
• Increasing utilization of cognitive structure .
• Cognitive structure makes more complex problem solving
possible .
• Thinking became a tool in applying in environment .
Hergenhahn & Olson (6th edition,2001p274)
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9. Stages of cognitive Development
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10. Stages of cognitive development
1. sensorimotor stage(birth to 2 years)
• Child is concerned with gaining motor control & learning
about physical object.
. Use of motor activity without the use of symbol.
. knowledge is limit in this stage .
. Explorer the world through senses & motor activity.
. Can not differentiate between themselves & environment.
. Children acquire their understanding through sensory
impression & motor experiences.
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11. Contd….
2. pre-operational stage (2 to 7 years)
• Children learn through imitation.
• It is pre-conceptual thinking stage. Thinking & reasoning power
develop.
• Children can understand & express relationship between the past &
future .
• Child can name the object & reason intuitively.
• Began to use language with verbal skills.
• Memory & imagination also develop but intelligence not logical
• Children find the solution of any problem intuitively but not logically .
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12. Contd….
3. Concrete operational stage (7to 11)
• Abstract concept develop.
• Thinking became less egocentric & increase awareness of
external event.
• Knowledge is related to concrete .
• Can use logical rules to solve problems.
• begin to develop ability to classify & sort of objects.
• The child develop logical thinking.
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13. contd…..
4. formal operational stge (11 to 15 years)
• Child begins to reason logically & systematically or scientifically.
• Children think multiple variables in systematic ways.
• Child can formulate hypothesis & think about abstract.
• Abstract reasoning became increasingly possible.
• Make conclusion using reason. Abstract reasoning power is developed.
Jarvis & et.al.(2nd edition,2004 p32)
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14. Educational implications of cognitive learning
• To develop textbook according to age of child .
• Useful for teaching learning process .
• To develop child centered curriculum.
• To use student centered teaching method .
• To provide feedback to the child .
• Use for collaborative learning .
• Evaluate the level of child ‘s development ,
• Suitable tasks can be set.
Zhou & Brown (2015)
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15. References
Dandekar. W.N.& Makhija.S.(3rd edition,2002).Psychological
foundation
education ,India: Rajiv Beri Macmillan .
Jarvis.P.& et.al.(2nd edition,2004).The theory & practice of learning.
London: Kogan page limited.
Hergenhahn.B.R.&Olson.H.M.(6th edition.2001).An introduction to
theories of learning.USA:Prentile-Hall.Inc.Upper Saddle. River.
Zhou.& Brown.(2015).Educational leaning theories .Education
open textbook 1 http://oer.galileo.usg.edu/education-textbook
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16. Thank you very much
For your patience
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