Pentair Environmental Systems provides real-time coastal monitoring systems. They offer monitoring of water quality, meteorological data, and water movement. Their systems use buoys or shore-based stations to continuously monitor multiple parameters without requiring divers for maintenance. This reduces costs and provides more reliable data compared to traditional spot sampling. Recent enhancements include improved sensors for chlorophyll, nitrate, visibility, lightning detection and navigation safety broadcasts. Reference projects include Singapore's early warning system and monitoring systems in China, Australia and Indonesia.

1. PENTAIR
ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS
Real time early warning monitoring systems for the coastal
environment.
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2. Who are Pentair Environmental Systems?
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Flood Warning
Systems
Irrigation
Solutions
Hydrographic &
Water Quality
Coastal
Monitoring
Water Infrastructure
Monitoring
Aquaculture

3. Example Projects
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Environment Canada
Hydrometric Network
Malaysian SMART Tunnel
and Disaster Recovery
System
Yangtze River 3
Gorges Dam
Khuzestan Water
Quality Initiative
Singapore
Project
Neptune
Several Hundred Projects in
Australia
Kenya
Hydrometric
Network
Singapore Overflow Network
Brisbane City Flood Warning
System
Yantai Fisheries

4. ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS
Why Monitor?
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5. PENTAIR
“Algae invade China
Olympics”
BBC News
“A Green Threat to the
Olympics”
TIME Magazine
Insitu monitoring provides
• Better understanding of natural temporal variation
• Early detection of potential problems
• Ability to model and forecast the movement and
scale of the problem
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6. Sampling can not beat continuous monitoring
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ConWtDienaeuilkoylu ySs aS Mammoppnlinliitngogring
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Conductivity (μS/cm)
Turbidity (NTU)
Temperature
(⁰C)
Dissolved Oxygen
(mg/L)
A small trend?
A siIgsn siofimcaentth einvge nhte!re? A significant event!
Large diurnal range

7. Identify What Problems?
The system can identify:
• Potential fish kills from lack of oxygen
• Nutrients overload that lead to blue
green algae
• Oil spills or chemical releases
• Weather events that transport
problems
• Sea conditions that increase accident
risks
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8. Part of a complete solution
• Real time monitoring complements
laboratory analysis
• Early warning
• Monitoring + modelling provides
forecasts
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9. • Spot sampling locations
• Buoy mounted stations
• Current direction
• Wind direction
• Oil spill occurs
• Detection Occurs
• For an online system,
detection occurs when
concentration > minimum
detection level
• Months may occur before
a spot sample program
detects a problem
Oil Spill Scenario
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10. PENTAIR
Singapore’s $4m Project Neptune
• To detect and model the exact
problem demonstrated on previous
slide
• 8 buoy mounted early detection
systems
• Specified on the same equipment
supplied here
• Modelling and consulting expertise
from Dutch firm Deltares
• Provide current warning and 6, 12 &
24 hour forecasts of transport
• Implementation Now
Confidential Information Greenspan – not for distribution Slide 10

11. Channel News Asia
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12. What can be measured?
Water Quality
• Physical: Temperature, Sedimentation, Salinity, pH,
Dissolved Oxygen, Turbidity, Dissolved organic matter
• Nutrients: Nitrate, Nitrite, Ammonia, Phosphate
• Biological: Chlorophyll, Blue-Green & Total Algae
• Pollutants: Crude & Refined oil, Heavy Metals
• Samples: Automatically collect for laboratory analysis
Meteorological
• Air Temperature & Relative Humidity, Photo-synthetically
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Active Radiation (PAR), Rainfall, Water
Temperature, Wind, Visibility, Lightning Strikes
Water Movement
• Tide, currents, waves, swell
Site Security
• Intrusion detection, position, theft detection, CCTV
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13. Available Mounting Options
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The mounting should be the most stable and accessible platform
available in the area of interest. The order of preference is:
1st: Shore Based 2nd: Channel Marker 3rd: Buoy

14. How we used to measure
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Look at all the instruments
mounted along the mooring line.
1) Expensive
2) Subject to fouling

15. Now we sample inside the buoy
Peristaltic
Pump
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Physical
Parameters
Intake Select
Valve
Surface
Intake
Bottom Intake
Biology &
Pollutants
Nutrient
Analyser
Bypass
valve
Release
valves
• Protect the instruments
from fouling
• Low pump velocity to not
disturb sample
• Copper nose cone to
prevent algae and
crustacean growth
• Additional sampling
depths with extra intake
• Redundant intake lines
incase of blockage
• Selectable intakes
• Pump run in reverse to
purge intakes of
blockages
Middle Intake
Redundant
Intake

16. Reduced Maintenance, Better Measurements
Peristaltic
Pump
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Physical
Parameters
Intake Select
Valve
Surface
Intake
Bottom Intake
Biology &
Pollutants
Nutrient
Analyser
Bypass
valve
Release
valves
• Multiple instruments
integrated in single
sampling system
• All instruments protected
out of the water
• Reduced cleaning:
• No light in sampling
system
• Drained between
measurements

17. No bio-fouling
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• Factors:
– Copper intake
– No light in system
enclosure
– Draining between
samples
• Reduced drift, offset
and failures due to bio-fouling
Instrument
condition
Before field use
90 days in a
sampler system
90 days in open
water

18. No bio-fouling
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From an intake tube at 0.5m after
1 year of operation
– Some growth on the external
rubber surface
– The tube is in pristine
condition from the very end

19. Example Data - Chlorophyll
Good initial agreement
90 day monitoring period
Open water instrument
problems around 30 days
Instrument in sampling system
Instrument in open water
Validation measurement
Open water instrument
completely fails@ 55 days
Sampling system instrument
still accurately recording
after 90 days
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20. Example Data - Turbidity
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90 day monitoring period
Instrument in sampling system
Instrument in open water
Validation measurement
Initial
agreement
Problems after
18 days
Open water instrument
completely fails@ 35 days
Sampling system instrument
still accurately recording
after 90 days
Some parameters (Temp, EC) are fouling resistant, others (DO,
Chlorophyll, Nutrients) have very short deployment times
without a protection system such as that used in the sampling
system

21. Advantage: No Divers Required
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• All equipment serviced from the surface
• No divers, meaning:
– Cost effective
– Safer
– Quicker
– All weather access
• Can service multiple stations per day rather
than multiple days per station!

22. ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS
In publically released tender pricing for Project
Neptune, the operation & maintenance cost for a
Greenspan system was 12% of the upfront cost.
Our nearest competitor was 28%, equivalent to
buying a whole new system every 4 years
BETTER DATA, CHEAPER TO OWN
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23. Advantage: Easy to Expand
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• Easy to add:
– Additional parameters
– Automated sample collection system from
any depth
– Video surveillance triggered by
measurements

24. Advantage: Future-Proof
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• Because the instruments are all in a linear
flow through system, single instruments may
be replaced or added as available. For
instance, heavy metals now available using
DNA testing

25. Advantage: Survives Freezing
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• Traditional In-situ water quality instruments
require being removed during freezing
conditions for protection
• As there is no water kept inside the sample
system, the system can operate right up to
freezing conditions, with no labour required
to stop or start the seasonal operation

26. ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS
Recent Enhancements
(What’s new)
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27. Less Interference
While instrument
manufacturers never said
it, Chl-A and Blue Green
Algae suffered from
interference (false
readings) due to Dissolved
Organic Matter
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DOM increases
significantly at a
thermocline
Older instruments
show a false increase
in Chl-a due to DOM
The new instrument
shows that Chl-a does not
actually change as it is not
interfered by DOM

28. Optical Nitrate
Historically
• The only method for nutrients in salt water (where ISE
probes do not work) has been wet chemistry.
• Wet chemistry requires extensive maintenance,
handling of chemicals and provides data that requires
long analysis times (15min), erratic or noisy
measurements and insensitive to low concentrations
Now
• A UV spectroscopy method is available
• 0.007 to 56 mg/L-N, with up to 0.03mg/L accuracy
• Long deployment times
• Removes the last instrument that needed monthly
maintenance
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29. Present Weather (Visibility)
• Laser based sensor capable of determining precipitation and visibility parameters,
including size and velocity of drizzle, rain, snow and hail
• Determines visibility values for up to 10km with an accuracy of ±10%
• Outputs Aide To Navigation (AtoN), WMO SYNOP, WMO METAR or NWS message formats
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30. Lightning Detection
• StrikeGuard SG000 is an optical-coincidence sensor that detects actual
cloud-cloud and cloud-ground strikes within a 20 mile radius
• Classifies distance to strike into 3 categories, near (within 5miles), mid
(5 to 10miles) and far (up to 20 miles)
• To prevent false alarms, the sensor requires an optical signal to coincide
with a magnetic field charge signal before reporting lightning
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31. Navigation Safety
• Tides, currents, waves, swell, ice, visibility, winds, air pressure, rainfall. All important
parameters can be broadcast to all passing vessels fitted with an AIS transceiver to aid
navigation in difficult conditions, helping to reduce accidents
• Any Pentair buoy system can be upgraded to broadcast measured information with an AIS
AtoN (Aide to Navigation) transceiver
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32. ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS
Reference projects:
- Singapore’s national early warning system
- Shandong (China) regional monitoring system
- Perth (Australia) desalination plant outfall monitoring
- Indonesia’s Marine Electronic Highway
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