- The document discusses vulnerability in coastal communities in the Philippines. It focuses on 5 coastal villages in Baler, Aurora that are rich in resources but threatened by natural hazards and have poor social conditions.
- Two composite index frameworks are constructed to determine factors that affect coastal community vulnerability: a coastal community vulnerability index and an IPCC-based index that considers exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity.
- Data is collected through household surveys in the villages, which include scaled questions on variables related to factors like geography, food security, demographics, environment, and capital. The responses are aggregated and standardized to compute index values for measuring vulnerability.
Dr. Nanyingi_RVF (World Bank_Bellagio) Aug 2012Nanyingi Mark
Interdecadal and interannual climate variability has led to emergence and reemergence of zoonoses in Kenya. We take cognizance of a community based approach in early and timely detection of RVF is vital to veterinary, health authorities and policy-makers in immediate decision making. It contributes to an integrated climate risk assessment of livestock vulnerability analysis using climate dependent RVF model to develop predictive risk maps that will be crucial in current and future control plans of other climate sensitive diseases and possibly provide Early Warning Systems (EWS). The output will contribute to institutional contingency frameworks dealing with concepts and indicators of warning systems which will facilitate the early identification of potential climate sensitive epidemics and decision support systems.
I attempt to provide approaches and empirical evidence on the vulnerability of human populations and livestock systems; this will improve livelihood resilience by quantification of the temporal and spatial impact of climate risk for spread infectious diseases that are climate sensitive
This document outlines a strategic plan to improve infrastructure, economic development, disaster preparedness, and healthcare in communities affected by natural disasters in Barguna District, Bangladesh. The plan proposes building cyclone-resistant homes, improving water and sanitation infrastructure, diversifying agriculture and providing microloans, training community leaders in disaster response, and establishing primary healthcare services. It includes budgets, timelines, monitoring and evaluation processes, and partnerships with NGOs to implement the plan over 5 years and measurably improve living conditions and resilience to future disasters.
The document summarizes the second phase of the Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity (TEEB) Initiative. It provides background on TEEB, recaps the results and impacts of phase 1, and outlines the ambitions, activities, content, and process for phase 2. Phase 2 will broaden the scope of studies to additional ecosystem services and biomes, focus on products for end-users like policymakers, and involve more experts and organizations. The COPI study conducted in phase 1 found that biodiversity and ecosystem losses between 2000-2050 could result in welfare losses of over $14 trillion by 2050. Phase 2 aims to further analyze and communicate the economic benefits of protecting nature.
The document discusses drought events and their assessment in global loss databases. It presents information on Munich Re's NatCatSERVICE database, including its assessment of drought losses worldwide from 1980-2011. It also describes the development of a methodology to better define drought events, assess their vulnerability impact, and estimate their financial costs. This will involve defining start/end dates of droughts, a vulnerability index, and a methodology to categorize droughts into catastrophe classes based on their impacts.
This document outlines Delhi's disaster preparedness and mitigation plan. It discusses establishing community preparedness through various components like physical safety, hazard awareness, organizational structures, infrastructure, and social networks. It also discusses administrative preparedness through operation readiness, maintaining response supplies, assigning agency roles, training programs, and updating plans. The preparedness plan for Delhi involves establishing permanent Emergency Operations Centers at the state and district levels to coordinate disaster response and meet demands during emergencies. Overall, the plan aims to enhance Delhi's preparedness through various community and administrative measures.
Workshop Trade-off Analysis - CGIAR_20 Feb 2013_Keynote Monika ZurekLotteKlapwijk
The document discusses using scenario planning to analyze and manage trade-offs in resource management decisions. It provides examples from the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment scenario work, which explored trade-offs decision makers may face under different scenarios. The assessment developed four scenarios based on different emphases on economic policy, environmentalism, technology, and local adaptation to examine impacts on ecosystems, ecosystem services, and human well-being. The scenarios helped analyze trade-offs between goals like food production, biodiversity, and water security under different pathways.
Dr. Nanyingi_RVF (World Bank_Bellagio) Aug 2012Nanyingi Mark
Interdecadal and interannual climate variability has led to emergence and reemergence of zoonoses in Kenya. We take cognizance of a community based approach in early and timely detection of RVF is vital to veterinary, health authorities and policy-makers in immediate decision making. It contributes to an integrated climate risk assessment of livestock vulnerability analysis using climate dependent RVF model to develop predictive risk maps that will be crucial in current and future control plans of other climate sensitive diseases and possibly provide Early Warning Systems (EWS). The output will contribute to institutional contingency frameworks dealing with concepts and indicators of warning systems which will facilitate the early identification of potential climate sensitive epidemics and decision support systems.
I attempt to provide approaches and empirical evidence on the vulnerability of human populations and livestock systems; this will improve livelihood resilience by quantification of the temporal and spatial impact of climate risk for spread infectious diseases that are climate sensitive
This document outlines a strategic plan to improve infrastructure, economic development, disaster preparedness, and healthcare in communities affected by natural disasters in Barguna District, Bangladesh. The plan proposes building cyclone-resistant homes, improving water and sanitation infrastructure, diversifying agriculture and providing microloans, training community leaders in disaster response, and establishing primary healthcare services. It includes budgets, timelines, monitoring and evaluation processes, and partnerships with NGOs to implement the plan over 5 years and measurably improve living conditions and resilience to future disasters.
The document summarizes the second phase of the Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity (TEEB) Initiative. It provides background on TEEB, recaps the results and impacts of phase 1, and outlines the ambitions, activities, content, and process for phase 2. Phase 2 will broaden the scope of studies to additional ecosystem services and biomes, focus on products for end-users like policymakers, and involve more experts and organizations. The COPI study conducted in phase 1 found that biodiversity and ecosystem losses between 2000-2050 could result in welfare losses of over $14 trillion by 2050. Phase 2 aims to further analyze and communicate the economic benefits of protecting nature.
The document discusses drought events and their assessment in global loss databases. It presents information on Munich Re's NatCatSERVICE database, including its assessment of drought losses worldwide from 1980-2011. It also describes the development of a methodology to better define drought events, assess their vulnerability impact, and estimate their financial costs. This will involve defining start/end dates of droughts, a vulnerability index, and a methodology to categorize droughts into catastrophe classes based on their impacts.
This document outlines Delhi's disaster preparedness and mitigation plan. It discusses establishing community preparedness through various components like physical safety, hazard awareness, organizational structures, infrastructure, and social networks. It also discusses administrative preparedness through operation readiness, maintaining response supplies, assigning agency roles, training programs, and updating plans. The preparedness plan for Delhi involves establishing permanent Emergency Operations Centers at the state and district levels to coordinate disaster response and meet demands during emergencies. Overall, the plan aims to enhance Delhi's preparedness through various community and administrative measures.
Workshop Trade-off Analysis - CGIAR_20 Feb 2013_Keynote Monika ZurekLotteKlapwijk
The document discusses using scenario planning to analyze and manage trade-offs in resource management decisions. It provides examples from the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment scenario work, which explored trade-offs decision makers may face under different scenarios. The assessment developed four scenarios based on different emphases on economic policy, environmentalism, technology, and local adaptation to examine impacts on ecosystems, ecosystem services, and human well-being. The scenarios helped analyze trade-offs between goals like food production, biodiversity, and water security under different pathways.
1. The document discusses different levels of hazards, risks, disasters and emergencies ranging from incidents and disasters to catastrophes.
2. It outlines the theoretical basis for emergency planning and management, including key concepts like resilience, and characteristics of large emergencies.
3. The document also covers the organization of emergency management from the local to international levels and challenges around balancing centralized control with decentralized community responses.
The document discusses vulnerability assessments of ecosystems in the Eastern Cordillera Real region to climate change. It outlines a framework to assess vulnerability that considers a system's exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity. The analysis identifies biodiversity and hydrology as sensitive systems for the region. Climate change is increasing temperatures and extreme weather events in the Andes. Assessing vulnerability requires understanding how climate impacts interact with social, economic, and environmental conditions to undermine a system's resilience.
1. The document discusses using qualitative methods to assess the impact of a commercial destocking program in Moyale woreda, Ethiopia. A case study was conducted involving 114 households that sold livestock.
2. Key findings included that destocking provided over 50% of household income during the drought and 70% of funds were spent locally. A SWOT analysis identified strengths like loan programs and weaknesses like lack of monitoring.
3. The analysis concludes that qualitative methods provide accountability but require careful study design, sampling, and validation to minimize bias. It is time-consuming but useful to understand complex community impacts.
The document discusses the spatial context of climate risk. It provides an overview of key concepts related to climate change adaptation and disaster risk management including earth system science frameworks, climate impacts, risk elements, exposure and vulnerability mapping, complexity and dynamics of systems, and limitations around data, nonlinearity and uncertainty. Specific topics covered include temperature rise patterns, increases in hot days and decreases in cold days, conceptual linkages between adaptation and disaster risk management, the spatial nature of exposure and risk, vulnerability at different scales, dynamics of vulnerability and risk over time, limitations around distinguishing slow onset from rapid onset events, and the need for spatial tools and critical thinking to address climate and disaster resilience challenges.
El Kharraz - Water Information SystemsLaura Haddad
This document discusses the role of water information systems in coping with water scarcity and drought in WANA countries. It recommends that WANA countries improve their use of existing water information systems and data to help address water scarcity issues. A key gap is the lack of accessible and reliable water data in most WANA countries. The document advocates developing a water scarcity and drought monitoring system for the WANA region based on common indicators. It analyzes various hydrological and socioeconomic indicators used for assessing water scarcity and drought. Improving data collection, management and sharing between organizations and countries in the region is important for effective monitoring, prediction and response.
Joachim Von Braun "Economic and social impacts of land degradation and droug...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
1) Land degradation affects a quarter of global land area and droughts are increasing in extent and severity due to climate change, impacting the poorest the most.
2) A framework called the Economics of Land Degradation (ELD) was developed to assess the economic impacts of land degradation and drought through case studies and identify evidence-based policy solutions.
3) Case studies show that investment in preventing land degradation through sustainable land management provides greater economic returns than allowing degradation to continue.
This document summarizes the key points from the New River Valley Hazard Mitigation Plan regarding drought hazards in the region. It finds that drought is a moderate risk for the New River Valley. The region has experienced two significant droughts since 2000 that impacted agriculture and water supplies. Floyd County has been most affected by drought based on well permit data. The document analyzes drought frequency data, impacts to water supplies, and identifies areas most at risk of drought including eastern Montgomery County and parts of Giles County.
National fish, wildlife, and plants climate adaptation strategyESTHHUB
The National Fish, Wildlife and Plants Climate Adaptation Strategy is a joint effort between federal, state, and tribal governments to help natural resources adapt to climate change. The strategy identifies current and expected future impacts of climate change on ecosystems in the US. Warmer temperatures and changing precipitation patterns are expected to increase wildfires, pest outbreaks, invasive species, and losses of grasslands and wetlands. The strategy provides goals and actions to help ecosystems and species become more resilient to climate change impacts through habitat conservation, species management, enhanced management capacity, monitoring, decision support tools, research, education, and reducing other stressors.
This document discusses trends in emergency management, including:
1. The organization of the emergency management sector is evolving, with debates around the roles of civil protection, civil contingencies management, homeland security, and the security industry.
2. Counter-terrorism is an increasingly important consideration in emergency preparedness, with implications for reducing civil liberties and prioritizing counter-terrorism preparations.
3. Information management in emergencies relates to debates around communication, transparency, and whether "the public needs to know."
The document discusses definitions and descriptions of sustainability from various organizations and individuals:
- Markandya and Pearce define sustainability as ensuring natural resources are not depleted over time.
- Alfieri describes the strong sustainability concept of keeping natural capital intact regardless of other capital.
- Solomon defines ecologically sustainable development as using renewable resources without destroying them or their environment.
- Harrison proposes a framework to link economic, environmental, and social issues over time to assess sustainability.
- The Australian government and industry code define sustainability as maintaining ecological processes for current and future quality of life.
- Brown et al. define global sustainability as indefinite human survival through maintaining basic life support systems.
Community Based Disaster Risk Management (CBDRM) Nazir Ahmed
This document discusses community-based disaster risk management through local community groups. It defines key concepts, outlines the purpose and categories of community groups, and describes the typical group cycle. It emphasizes the importance of community initiatives in disaster risk reduction and management. Successful community-based disaster management involves central roles for the community in assessing risks and developing locally appropriate solutions. Local community groups, social workers, and capacity building can strengthen community preparedness and response to disasters.
Dr. Valerie Yeager provided guidance in developing this proposal and
ensured it met the requirements. Her expertise in community development and
sustainable strategies was invaluable.
Community Partners: The community members of Barguna district participated in
focus groups and shared their needs and challenges. Their active involvement was
crucial for designing appropriate interventions.
Funding Partners: UNDP, World Bank and local NGOs like BRAC, Shidhulai provided
financial and technical support. Their partnership will be important for
implementation.
We appreciate the support and collaboration of all stakeholders involved to improve
the living conditions of vulnerable communities in coastal Bangladesh.
This document summarizes existing international commitments related to water access, management, and quality. It outlines goals and targets established in agreements from 1992 to 2015, many of which aimed to improve drinking water access, sanitation, and integrated water resources management by 2000 and 2015. While progress has been made towards some targets, others like universal sanitation access are far from being met, particularly in rural areas and developing countries.
2014 in climate change 2014 impacts adaptation and vulnerability凱弘 廖
The document is a summary for policymakers from the Working Group II contribution to the IPCC's Fifth Assessment Report. It assesses observed and future impacts of climate change on natural and human systems, as well as opportunities for and limits to adaptation. Key findings include:
- Climate change is causing widespread impacts on natural and human systems, including changes in hydrological systems, species ranges and abundances, and negative impacts on crop yields.
- Future risks from climate change are expected to vary significantly by region, sector, and system. Risks increase with increasing levels of climate change.
- Effective adaptation involves principles like integrated risk management, focusing on the most vulnerable, and promoting equity and sustainability. Transformation of systems may
Integrating Environment in Local Planning in Tajikistan and AR CrimeaUNDP Eurasia
The document discusses integrating environmental considerations into local development planning in Tajikistan and Crimea. It describes how poverty-environment issues are being integrated into District Development Programs in Tajikistan through a process that involves reviewing the current situation, setting objectives, screening for environmental impacts, and developing poverty-environment indicators. Capacity building efforts include training materials and sessions to develop awareness and skills in mainstreaming the poverty-environment nexus into the planning process. The results include poverty-environment integration in district plans and criteria being applied to development projects. Strategic environmental assessment is also being applied to development strategies to upstream environmental factors into decision making.
Lessons learned on the achievement of the Joint Program of Climate Change Adaption in the Colombian Massif (Andean Belt Constellation Biosphere Reserve - Cauca Basin) with indigenous and peasant communities to affront the effects of climate change. Presented by Luis Alfonso Ortega at the "Perth II: Global Change and the World's Mountains" conference in Perth, Scotland in September 2010.
The document discusses the Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity (TEEB) initiative. TEEB aims to 1) assess and communicate the economic significance of biodiversity loss, 2) demonstrate the value of ecosystems in decisions, and 3) address the needs of policymakers. TEEB Phase 1 involved preliminary analysis and clarification. Phase 2 expands the analysis, focuses on end-user products, and strengthens expert involvement to better account for natural capital in measurement and decisions. The document provides background on biodiversity and ecosystem losses to communicate the urgency of action.
1. The document discusses different levels of hazards, risks, disasters and emergencies ranging from incidents and disasters to catastrophes.
2. It outlines the theoretical basis for emergency planning and management, including key concepts like resilience, and characteristics of large emergencies.
3. The document also covers the organization of emergency management from the local to international levels and challenges around balancing centralized control with decentralized community responses.
The document discusses vulnerability assessments of ecosystems in the Eastern Cordillera Real region to climate change. It outlines a framework to assess vulnerability that considers a system's exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity. The analysis identifies biodiversity and hydrology as sensitive systems for the region. Climate change is increasing temperatures and extreme weather events in the Andes. Assessing vulnerability requires understanding how climate impacts interact with social, economic, and environmental conditions to undermine a system's resilience.
1. The document discusses using qualitative methods to assess the impact of a commercial destocking program in Moyale woreda, Ethiopia. A case study was conducted involving 114 households that sold livestock.
2. Key findings included that destocking provided over 50% of household income during the drought and 70% of funds were spent locally. A SWOT analysis identified strengths like loan programs and weaknesses like lack of monitoring.
3. The analysis concludes that qualitative methods provide accountability but require careful study design, sampling, and validation to minimize bias. It is time-consuming but useful to understand complex community impacts.
The document discusses the spatial context of climate risk. It provides an overview of key concepts related to climate change adaptation and disaster risk management including earth system science frameworks, climate impacts, risk elements, exposure and vulnerability mapping, complexity and dynamics of systems, and limitations around data, nonlinearity and uncertainty. Specific topics covered include temperature rise patterns, increases in hot days and decreases in cold days, conceptual linkages between adaptation and disaster risk management, the spatial nature of exposure and risk, vulnerability at different scales, dynamics of vulnerability and risk over time, limitations around distinguishing slow onset from rapid onset events, and the need for spatial tools and critical thinking to address climate and disaster resilience challenges.
El Kharraz - Water Information SystemsLaura Haddad
This document discusses the role of water information systems in coping with water scarcity and drought in WANA countries. It recommends that WANA countries improve their use of existing water information systems and data to help address water scarcity issues. A key gap is the lack of accessible and reliable water data in most WANA countries. The document advocates developing a water scarcity and drought monitoring system for the WANA region based on common indicators. It analyzes various hydrological and socioeconomic indicators used for assessing water scarcity and drought. Improving data collection, management and sharing between organizations and countries in the region is important for effective monitoring, prediction and response.
Joachim Von Braun "Economic and social impacts of land degradation and droug...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
1) Land degradation affects a quarter of global land area and droughts are increasing in extent and severity due to climate change, impacting the poorest the most.
2) A framework called the Economics of Land Degradation (ELD) was developed to assess the economic impacts of land degradation and drought through case studies and identify evidence-based policy solutions.
3) Case studies show that investment in preventing land degradation through sustainable land management provides greater economic returns than allowing degradation to continue.
This document summarizes the key points from the New River Valley Hazard Mitigation Plan regarding drought hazards in the region. It finds that drought is a moderate risk for the New River Valley. The region has experienced two significant droughts since 2000 that impacted agriculture and water supplies. Floyd County has been most affected by drought based on well permit data. The document analyzes drought frequency data, impacts to water supplies, and identifies areas most at risk of drought including eastern Montgomery County and parts of Giles County.
National fish, wildlife, and plants climate adaptation strategyESTHHUB
The National Fish, Wildlife and Plants Climate Adaptation Strategy is a joint effort between federal, state, and tribal governments to help natural resources adapt to climate change. The strategy identifies current and expected future impacts of climate change on ecosystems in the US. Warmer temperatures and changing precipitation patterns are expected to increase wildfires, pest outbreaks, invasive species, and losses of grasslands and wetlands. The strategy provides goals and actions to help ecosystems and species become more resilient to climate change impacts through habitat conservation, species management, enhanced management capacity, monitoring, decision support tools, research, education, and reducing other stressors.
This document discusses trends in emergency management, including:
1. The organization of the emergency management sector is evolving, with debates around the roles of civil protection, civil contingencies management, homeland security, and the security industry.
2. Counter-terrorism is an increasingly important consideration in emergency preparedness, with implications for reducing civil liberties and prioritizing counter-terrorism preparations.
3. Information management in emergencies relates to debates around communication, transparency, and whether "the public needs to know."
The document discusses definitions and descriptions of sustainability from various organizations and individuals:
- Markandya and Pearce define sustainability as ensuring natural resources are not depleted over time.
- Alfieri describes the strong sustainability concept of keeping natural capital intact regardless of other capital.
- Solomon defines ecologically sustainable development as using renewable resources without destroying them or their environment.
- Harrison proposes a framework to link economic, environmental, and social issues over time to assess sustainability.
- The Australian government and industry code define sustainability as maintaining ecological processes for current and future quality of life.
- Brown et al. define global sustainability as indefinite human survival through maintaining basic life support systems.
Community Based Disaster Risk Management (CBDRM) Nazir Ahmed
This document discusses community-based disaster risk management through local community groups. It defines key concepts, outlines the purpose and categories of community groups, and describes the typical group cycle. It emphasizes the importance of community initiatives in disaster risk reduction and management. Successful community-based disaster management involves central roles for the community in assessing risks and developing locally appropriate solutions. Local community groups, social workers, and capacity building can strengthen community preparedness and response to disasters.
Dr. Valerie Yeager provided guidance in developing this proposal and
ensured it met the requirements. Her expertise in community development and
sustainable strategies was invaluable.
Community Partners: The community members of Barguna district participated in
focus groups and shared their needs and challenges. Their active involvement was
crucial for designing appropriate interventions.
Funding Partners: UNDP, World Bank and local NGOs like BRAC, Shidhulai provided
financial and technical support. Their partnership will be important for
implementation.
We appreciate the support and collaboration of all stakeholders involved to improve
the living conditions of vulnerable communities in coastal Bangladesh.
This document summarizes existing international commitments related to water access, management, and quality. It outlines goals and targets established in agreements from 1992 to 2015, many of which aimed to improve drinking water access, sanitation, and integrated water resources management by 2000 and 2015. While progress has been made towards some targets, others like universal sanitation access are far from being met, particularly in rural areas and developing countries.
2014 in climate change 2014 impacts adaptation and vulnerability凱弘 廖
The document is a summary for policymakers from the Working Group II contribution to the IPCC's Fifth Assessment Report. It assesses observed and future impacts of climate change on natural and human systems, as well as opportunities for and limits to adaptation. Key findings include:
- Climate change is causing widespread impacts on natural and human systems, including changes in hydrological systems, species ranges and abundances, and negative impacts on crop yields.
- Future risks from climate change are expected to vary significantly by region, sector, and system. Risks increase with increasing levels of climate change.
- Effective adaptation involves principles like integrated risk management, focusing on the most vulnerable, and promoting equity and sustainability. Transformation of systems may
Integrating Environment in Local Planning in Tajikistan and AR CrimeaUNDP Eurasia
The document discusses integrating environmental considerations into local development planning in Tajikistan and Crimea. It describes how poverty-environment issues are being integrated into District Development Programs in Tajikistan through a process that involves reviewing the current situation, setting objectives, screening for environmental impacts, and developing poverty-environment indicators. Capacity building efforts include training materials and sessions to develop awareness and skills in mainstreaming the poverty-environment nexus into the planning process. The results include poverty-environment integration in district plans and criteria being applied to development projects. Strategic environmental assessment is also being applied to development strategies to upstream environmental factors into decision making.
Lessons learned on the achievement of the Joint Program of Climate Change Adaption in the Colombian Massif (Andean Belt Constellation Biosphere Reserve - Cauca Basin) with indigenous and peasant communities to affront the effects of climate change. Presented by Luis Alfonso Ortega at the "Perth II: Global Change and the World's Mountains" conference in Perth, Scotland in September 2010.
The document discusses the Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity (TEEB) initiative. TEEB aims to 1) assess and communicate the economic significance of biodiversity loss, 2) demonstrate the value of ecosystems in decisions, and 3) address the needs of policymakers. TEEB Phase 1 involved preliminary analysis and clarification. Phase 2 expands the analysis, focuses on end-user products, and strengthens expert involvement to better account for natural capital in measurement and decisions. The document provides background on biodiversity and ecosystem losses to communicate the urgency of action.
The ENSURE project aims to enhance resilience to natural and technological hazards through an integrated multi-scale vulnerability assessment approach. The project involves 10 partners across Europe and has 8 main objectives, including improving understanding of different types of vulnerability, analyzing relationships between concepts like vulnerability and risk, and developing improved risk scenarios. A key challenge is integrating social vulnerability into frameworks with other vulnerability types and bridging gaps between quantitative and qualitative methods. Expected impacts include supporting policy decisions, providing an assessment tool to raise risk awareness, understanding adaptation and resilience factors, and improving knowledge of environmental vulnerability.
The project aims to develop storylines based on farmer narratives and research to identify interventions that enhance livelihoods. Field visits were conducted and dynamics among communities were identified. Upcoming visits will provide more narratives to inform the analysis. The conceptual framework uses drivers and determinants to develop storylines and scenarios, which are then assessed for vulnerability and resilience to identify viable interventions. Completing site visits, linking resilience to storylines, and taking an integrated top-down and bottom-up approach are next steps.
1) The document discusses assessing options for adaptation, mitigation and risk management at multiple scales, including household, community, national and global levels to understand trade-offs and synergies.
2) It also discusses assessing options across different temporal scales from coping with short-term disasters to adapting to long-term climate changes.
3) Finally, it examines assessing options across different domains of knowledge and approaches, balancing indigenous and scientific knowledge, and balancing technological and social learning approaches.
Risk for financial agencies in providing affordable disaster insurance to dev...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
This document summarizes a presentation on providing affordable disaster insurance to developing countries. It discusses:
1) The increasing frequency and impacts of natural disasters worldwide including recent events in Haiti, Japan, India, and more.
2) The large gap between overall disaster losses and insured losses.
3) The various funding sources needed for disaster response, recovery, and reconstruction including taxes, debt financing, donations, (re)insurance, and catastrophe bonds.
4) The roles financial institutions can play in developing risk models, policy development, needs analysis, and providing access to capital markets.
5) The risks financial institutions face in making insurance affordable and from inaccurate risk data or ineffective disaster risk reduction strategies.
This document discusses coastal aquaculture and proposes an indicator system to measure its eco-innovation and environmental impact. It defines coastal aquaculture and the context of the project, which aims to help authorities objectively monitor coastal aquaculture activities. It proposes using the DPSIR framework to measure the drivers, pressures, state, impacts and responses of coastal aquaculture. An indicator system is presented using percentages, numbers and other units to measure technology/best practices, eco-innovation knowledge/participation, and ecological footprint. The NUSAP tool is discussed for assessing uncertainty in the indicators.
This document discusses five obstacles to effective climate change decision making: 1) data used is often not meaningful or helpful, 2) stakeholder objectives and concerns are not sufficiently addressed, 3) attributes and measures used to characterize impacts are inadequate, 4) research is loosely tied to decisions that need to be made, and 5) there is little learning from past successes and mistakes. The document examines these obstacles in more detail and provides examples to illustrate challenges with using complex data, addressing stakeholder objectives, developing appropriate attributes and measures, and incorporating learning over time into the decision process.
The document discusses approaches for making decisions about environmental management in an era of global change and uncertainty. It outlines how ecosystem services modeling can be used to analyze the impacts of different land use change scenarios on services, biodiversity, and economic returns. The analysis finds that agricultural expansion generally had larger negative effects than urban expansion, though urban development also generates costs from externalities.
The document summarizes key points from the IPCC Special Report on Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation (SREX Report). It discusses how extreme events are becoming more common and severe due to climate change. While climate models project further increases, vulnerability perspectives emphasize how social, economic, and environmental factors determine disaster risk. The SREX Report represents growing cooperation between disaster risk reduction and climate adaptation. Effective strategies address vulnerability and help with development in both the near and long term.
Disaster Resilience: A National Imperative - Susan CutterEERI
This document summarizes a presentation given by Susan L. Cutter on increasing national disaster resilience. It discusses how economic damages from weather disasters have been increasing in recent years. It also outlines trends like population growth and an aging infrastructure that are making the US more vulnerable to hazards. The presentation calls for the US to become more resilient by taking steps like adopting building codes and land use practices that reduce risk.
Barriers & Opportunities to Payments for Ecosystem Services in EnglandAberdeen CES
Presentation given by Steve Smith from Scott Wilson URS about preliminary findings from research commissioned by Defra into barriers and opportunities for PES in England
Joseph OLOUKOI "Degradation of vegetation formations in the centre of Benin R...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
This document summarizes a study on assessing water vulnerability in communities in Nigeria's Oke-Ogun region using a Water Vulnerability Index (WVI). The study analyzed survey data from 397 households across three communities. It found that vulnerability varied by locality and was influenced most by environmental and resource factors rather than just access or use. The study concluded that addressing social and environmental stressors to improve water access could help reduce communities' vulnerability to water scarcity by strengthening their adaptive capacities.
Grace Olufunmike ADENIJI-OLOUKOI "rethinking vulnerability to water scarcity ...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
This document summarizes a study on assessing water vulnerability in communities in Nigeria's Oke-Ogun region using a Water Vulnerability Index (WVI). The study analyzed survey data from 397 households across three communities. It found that vulnerability was influenced most by environmental and resource factors rather than access or use. Vulnerability varied between formal and informal neighborhoods, with in formal areas showing higher vulnerability. The study concludes that addressing social and environmental stressors to improve water access could help reduce communities' vulnerability to water scarcity under climate change.
The Canterbury Earthquake Sequence: major geologic and social impacts - Kelvi...EERI
This document summarizes a talk given by Kelvin Berryman on the Canterbury Earthquake Sequence in New Zealand. It discusses the major geologic impacts of the earthquake including surface fault rupture and liquefaction. It also examines the social impacts such as prolonged aftershocks, damage to infrastructure and buildings, and impacts on communities and the regional economy. Key lessons learned are around land use planning, building standards, risk communication, and challenges in rebuilding. The response involved major contributions from scientists, engineers, emergency managers, and policymakers.
This document summarizes a presentation on assessing household vulnerability to climate change. It outlines methods to identify hotspots where climate impacts and vulnerability intersect. Factors like changes in growing conditions, food systems, and the length of the growing period are analyzed under different climate scenarios to 2030 and 2050. Mapping analyses identify areas with the highest exposure to climate hazards and food insecurity. The presentation also discusses research opportunities to better understand household impacts, incorporate risk and equity issues, and identify appropriate adaptation options.
This document discusses Credit Suisse's approach to sustainability. It outlines the business case for sustainability, including resource savings, risk management, and opportunities. It describes Credit Suisse's sustainability model and commitments. The implications of weak sustainability management are also examined, including risks to clients and banks. Credit Suisse has developed policies for key industries and manages sustainability risks through its risk review process. Sustainability is seen as a business opportunity to become a more admired bank. Advisory services are also provided to clients.
Similar to Coastal Community Vulnerability Index (20)
Spatiotemporal Assessment of Disaster-risk PotentialPed Orencio
This document summarizes a 30-year qualitative multi-hazard assessment conducted to determine coastal areas in the Philippines that are at high risk. The assessment characterized hazards based on historical data and estimated probability and impact to calculate risk potential at the provincial level. The study found that Aurora province has the highest overall risk potential among coastal provinces. It also identified several implications of the risks identified, including higher per capita costs in densely populated areas and risks for provinces with mismanaged forests or watersheds. Next steps suggested validating the results with a case study and using the risk information to devise concrete risk mitigation and communication strategies.
Disaster-resilience Index based on an Analytic Hierarchy ProcessPed Orencio
This document describes developing a composite index to measure the resilience of coastal communities using an analytic hierarchy process (AHP) model. Criteria and attributes that describe resilient communities and risk reduction were determined through an AHP survey of 20 decision-makers. The most important criteria selected were environmental management, livelihoods, social protection, and planning. A framework was created using these criteria and indicators to measure community capacity and outcomes. A weighted linear method was used to calculate a composite index score based on process and outcome indicators. The proposed conceptual method provides a way to assess and inform coastal community resilience and risk reduction planning.
The document summarizes collaborative fisheries management in Baler Bay, Philippines. It describes the geographical location and municipalities within the project site. It identifies issues like overfishing, illegal fishing practices, and coastal habitat destruction. It then outlines interventions like limiting access and stopping illegal practices. The key intervention discussed is an Inter-LGU Fisheries Management Plan to improve management between municipalities through committees, ordinances, budgets, and other active efforts like establishing marine protected areas. The plan aims to transition to more sustainable management through inter-municipal collaboration, political will, and public awareness.
This document summarizes a perspective on the sustainable palm oil industry in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia over the next 30 years. It outlines the growth of palm oil production in the region from 2000-2006. A SWOT analysis identifies strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. The vision is for a responsible palm oil industry that is environmentally friendly, economically sound, and socially acceptable. Strategies are proposed for government, industry and society to work together transparently towards this vision through initiatives like Publish What You Pay and Produce, strengthening government oversight, the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil certification, and establishing a Palm Oil Industry Board.
Climate change is affecting coastal ecosystems and fisheries through changes in temperatures, currents and weather patterns. This impacts organisms and communities. The document examines these climate impacts in the Philippines province of Aurora through analysis of coral cover, fish abundance, biomass and sea surface temperature data from 2003-2006. The results suggest climate change has contributed to declines in coral cover and fish stocks in the area.
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2. Overview of Vulnerability
Physical
Changes
Stressors
New system/
environment
Response
System
Social
(Cutter 2003)
3. Vulnerability in Coastal Systems
• Affected by environmental and social
systems that bring various hazards
• Consisted of vulnerable communities
that are at risk from hazard effects
• Vulnerability varies according to
factors inherent to communities
• Exposure to hazards
• Limited mitigation capacity
(USAID 2007)
Knowledge about “factors influencing vulnerability” will support systems
for community adaptation and mitigation
4. In the Philippines, 822 of
the 1502 municipalities are
in coastal zones (55%)
• 60% of 87,000,000 population is in
the coastal areas (in 2005)
• Provides 43% of per capita protein 24 disasters
needs in 2010
(CRED 2010 )
• Employs 1,000,000 people in the
coastal rural areas Potential
threats
• 5% contribution to GDP (2,500,000
metric tons/year )
• Warmer temperature (i.e. 1998 El Nino)
• Economic benefits valued at Study Objective
• Stronger typhoons
US$3,500,000,000 annually
• Overexploitationfactors that affectof
Determine the and poor regulation
Current Situation
coastal communities’ vulnerability
resources (brought by population
increase and competition)
5. Case Study
•5 coastal villages in Baler, Aurora
•Rich in terrestrial and marine
•Threatened by natural hazards
•Poor social conditions
(Manila Observatory 2005)
6. Conceptual and Methodological Framework
Two (2) Composite Index
Frameworks were constructed:
• coastal community
vulnerability index (CCVI);
and
• IPCC- CCVI (based on
IPCC vulnerability
elements)
Composite Index (UNEP 2002)
• a single measure that combines
measures of different situations
(modified from Buckle et al. 2001) • establishes ranking for comparative
analysis useful for vulnerability
assessments
7. The CCVI and IPCC-CCVI Framework
Sub-factor Sub-factor Vulnerability 1. CCVI 2. IPCC-CCVI
Variables Indicators Factors
Frequency and Intensity of
Social Hazards
Occurrence and Effects of V
Social Hazards (2)
Frequency and Intensity of
2. Establish scales for and Effects of
Occurrence Geographical Factors Exposure u
Natural Hazards
Natural Hazards (2)
measuring variablesDependency on
Fish Produced for Food
l
Level of
by the respondent’s for Food (2)
Other Food Production Fisheries
Food Security Factors n
scores
Fish Produced for Income Level of Dependency on Economic and Livelihood
e
Other Income Sources Fisheries for Income (2) Factors r
3. Aggregate scores and
Age, Tenure, Occupation and Demographic Factors a
Social Information (4) Sensitivity
compute for the indices
Household Size
Indices’ values are computed b
Access to Services Importance of Services from
based on scored responses of
Importance of Services Coastal Ecosystems (2)
Environmental Factors i
Institutions with Resourcein a social survey
individuals Policy and Institutional l
Institutions for Natural
Management Initiatives Resource Management (2) Factors i
Participation of Communities Adaptive Capacity
Capital Goods Factors t
y
Natural Capital Financial Capital Physical Capital Human Capital Social Capital
Availability and Access to Credit
1. Assign indicators and
Communication, Work Disruptions Membership and Benefits from
Utilization of Land Facilities variablescaused each of
Transportation and for by Sickness Social Networks
Availability of Livelihood Implements Availability and Access to
Liquefiable Assets
the seven factors Important Information
8. Steps in Data Collection and Analysis
Field Data Collection
The Questionnaire Survey: (August to September 2010)
-Secondary Major Sections Drafting the
Four (4) Data Planning with
Pre-testing of
village leaders
- Sourcing Questionnaire
Household Characteristics and Tenure Questionnaire
and local
-(2months) Use and Access (1month)
Resource Survey Survey (2 days)
academe
- Social and Environmental Trends
No hard data Site Manpower
- Livelihood and Economic Activities
available Selection Limitation
- Composed of component variables that are
scaled from minimum to maximum values
Training of 20
- Example: of
Validation Assessing the frequency of social
Data Analysis Conducting the
local
Information and Presentation actual 182
hazard, Social discrimination enumerators (2
(GIS, SPSS)
(March 2011) Never; 2= Seldom; surveys (4 days)
- Scales: 1= days)
3= Occasional; 4= Often; 5= Very often Time Skill
- Get the Minimum=1; Maximum=5; Limitation Limitation
- Collect all responses to get Average
9. Process for Computing Indices of Variables, Sub-
factors and Factors of Vulnerability
• Sample Computation: Social
Standardization of 82 discrimination in Sabang
Component variable component indices Variable
Scales
n
5= Very Often
Index 4= Often
3= Occasional 47 1.32 1 5 0.08
Computation of the 23 sub- 2=Seldom
factor variable indices 1= Never
Variables Frequency of All Types
of Social Hazards
Human environmental
Computation of the 21 sub- destruction
0.42
factor indices Social conflict 0.34 0.25 0.25
Sub- Social discrimination 0.08
factors Social security 0.16
Computation of the 7 major Sub-factors of Geographical
factors indices Factors
Frequency of Natural Hazards 0.54
Factors Intensity of Natural Hazards 0.90
0.58
Frequency of Social Hazards 0.25
Intensity of Social Hazards 0.62
10. Process for Computing for Vulnerability using CCVI
• Sample Computation: CCVISub-
Sabang
Coastal Community Vulnerability Major Factors
Index (CCVI) is computed based on Major Factors Σ
factors
Σ
the weighted average of all the factors Geographical Factors
Geographical 4
0.58 4 2.32
Factors (GF)
Environmental 2 1.08
Environmental
0.54
Factors 2
Factors (EF)
Food Security Factors
Food Security
0.74 2 1.48
2
Factors (FF)
Economic and Livelihood
Economic and
2
Factors 0.62 2 1.24 11.21
Livelihood
21 0.53
Factors (ELF)
Policy and and Institutional
Policy
Institutional 0.60 2 1.2 2
Factors
Factors (PIF)
Demographic
Demographic Factors
Factors (DF)
0.51 4 2.04 4
Capital Good
Factors (CGF)Good Factors
Capital 0.37 5 1.85 5
12. Correlation of Indices of Major Factors with CCVI
0.70
0.60
Major Factors
Y'= 0.43+0.16x
0.50
Y'=0.03+0.95x
0.40
Y'=0.93-1.11x
0.30
0.20
0.45 0.47 0.49 0.51 0.53 0.55
CCVI
R R2
Geographical Factors 0.96 0.93
Environmental Factors 0.3 0.09
Food Security Factors -0.36 0.13
Economic and Livelihood Factors -0.42 0.18
Policy and Institutional Factors 0.52 0.27
Demographic Factors 0.91 0.83
Capital Good Factors -0.85 0.73
13. Normalized Maps of Factors and CCVI
Geographical Demographic Environmental Food Security
Legend
BalerMunicipalMap
rnnccvi
Value
Max
High : 1
Economic and Livelihood Policy and Institutional Capital Good CCVI
Mapping Software: ArcGIS 9.3.1 Tool: Spatial Analyst Geo-reference coordinate system: WGS 1984
Low : 0
Min Map source: GADM Version 0.8 from http://biogeo.berkeley.edu/gadm/
14. Conclusion
• There were little difference in resulting CCVI among the five (5) coastal communities
(Sabang, with the highest CCVI, is the most vulnerable )
• Food, policy and economic factors have high values that deem to influence vulnerability
of coastal communities the most
• Variation of indices at factor level assume areas of vulnerability for a coastal
community, the factor contributions vary accordingly on the values at the other index
levels
• When there is no hard data source, the method may be effective but only for rapid
appraisal and its strength depends on quality of surveyed data within a specific time
• Focus of future study:
• improve identifying suitable and objective variables and indicators
• create a hybrid method for indexing vulnerability that combines social survey data
with hard information sources
• analysis of relevant of indicators by statistical tools (i.e. principal component
analysis, factor analysis, regression analysis)
• modeling using multi criteria decision analysis of factors (AHP, ANP, game theory)
• Communicate results to local government to encourage robust data collection and
information management system (i.e. fish catch monitoring, satellite data)