Clinical Case 6
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
3 likes•1,940 views
A 70-Year-old man is seen in follow-up at your office after he has been hospitalized for a myocardial infarction. He underwent successful angioplasty and is currently asymptomatic. Prior to his MI, he was not on medications. He is not a smoker and is not diabetic. During his hospitalization, he was noted to have persistently elevated blood pressure readings. He had asthma as a child, but has not had any recent wheezing episodes . While in the hospital, he was started on oral metoprolol.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Clinical Case 7
A 64-year-old woman with a history of two previous myocardial infarctions comes to the emergency room with shortness of breath. In the previous 2 weeks, she has developed dyspnoea with exertion and swelling of her legs. She sleeps on three pillows because she coughs and gets shortness of breath if she tries to lie flat. In the emergency department, she is sitting upright, appears to be in moderate respiratory distress, and is tachycardic and hypertensive. She has jugular venous distension to the angle of her jaw. On auscultation of her lungs, wet rales are heard bilaterally. She has pitting edema of both lower legs up to her knees. A chest X-Ray confirms the diagnosis of pulmonary edema. She is placed on oxygen and immediately given an IV injection of furosemide.
Clinical Case 3
A 53-year-old women comes to see you for a consultation. She is scheduled to take a caribbean cruise in 2 weeks but is concerned about sea sickness. She has been on boats before and is very sensitive to motion sickness. A friend mentioned to her that there is a patch that is effective for this problem. She is in good health and takes no medications regularly. Her examination is normal. You prescribe a scopolamine transdermal patch for her.
Clinical Case 1
A 12-year-old girl was diagnosed with strep throat and given penicillin, but had an anaphylactic reaction. She was given epinephrine, which will cause vasoconstriction through alpha-1 adrenoceptors in her vascular system and bronchial muscle relaxation through beta-2 adrenoceptors in her respiratory system to treat the reaction.
Sympathomimetics and blockers
This presentation discusses pharmacology and clinical uses of sympathomimetics and their antagonists.
Clinical Case 5
A 65-year-old woman is admitted in ICU of the hospital with sepsis caused by a urinary tract infection. She is hypotensive, with a BP of 80/40 mm hg and has an elevated heart rate and decreased urine output. Along with the institution of appropriate antibiotic therapy and IV fluids, a decision is made to start her on an IV infusion of dopamine to attempt to raise her BP
PHARMACOLOGY OF LOCAL ANESTHESIA
Classification
Mechanism of action
Duration of action
Absorption and distribution
Mode of action
Theories of action of L.A
Pharmacokinetics of local anaesthetics
Routes of administration
Metabolism or biotransformation
Individual agents
Vasoconstrictors
Systemic effects
Toxicity
Advantages
Disadvantages
Maximum allowable dose
Local anaesthetics in community trust services
Sympathomimetic
Dr. Viraj Shinde's document provides an overview of sympathommimetic drugs. It defines them as drugs that mimic the actions of norepinephrine or epinephrine. It discusses the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems, classification of sympathommimetic drugs, examples like epinephrine, mechanisms of action, therapeutic uses, and adverse effects. Receptor types, locations, agonists, and antagonists are outlined. The document also covers neurotransmitters, their criteria and the neurotransmission process. Specific drugs discussed include dopamine, isoproterenol, dobutamine, fenoldopam, phenylephrine, clonidine, and beta-2 selective agents.
Chapter 1 general pharmacology
The document provides an overview of general pharmacology concepts including definitions of pharmacology and drugs. It discusses the objectives of studying pharmacology and defines key terms like receptors, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, drug sources, nomenclature, dosage forms, and routes of drug administration with a focus on oral, parenteral, and other enteral routes. The document aims to introduce students to the basic concepts and principles of pharmacology.
Recommended
Clinical Case 7
A 64-year-old woman with a history of two previous myocardial infarctions comes to the emergency room with shortness of breath. In the previous 2 weeks, she has developed dyspnoea with exertion and swelling of her legs. She sleeps on three pillows because she coughs and gets shortness of breath if she tries to lie flat. In the emergency department, she is sitting upright, appears to be in moderate respiratory distress, and is tachycardic and hypertensive. She has jugular venous distension to the angle of her jaw. On auscultation of her lungs, wet rales are heard bilaterally. She has pitting edema of both lower legs up to her knees. A chest X-Ray confirms the diagnosis of pulmonary edema. She is placed on oxygen and immediately given an IV injection of furosemide.
Clinical Case 3
A 53-year-old women comes to see you for a consultation. She is scheduled to take a caribbean cruise in 2 weeks but is concerned about sea sickness. She has been on boats before and is very sensitive to motion sickness. A friend mentioned to her that there is a patch that is effective for this problem. She is in good health and takes no medications regularly. Her examination is normal. You prescribe a scopolamine transdermal patch for her.
Clinical Case 1
A 12-year-old girl was diagnosed with strep throat and given penicillin, but had an anaphylactic reaction. She was given epinephrine, which will cause vasoconstriction through alpha-1 adrenoceptors in her vascular system and bronchial muscle relaxation through beta-2 adrenoceptors in her respiratory system to treat the reaction.
Sympathomimetics and blockers
This presentation discusses pharmacology and clinical uses of sympathomimetics and their antagonists.
Clinical Case 5
A 65-year-old woman is admitted in ICU of the hospital with sepsis caused by a urinary tract infection. She is hypotensive, with a BP of 80/40 mm hg and has an elevated heart rate and decreased urine output. Along with the institution of appropriate antibiotic therapy and IV fluids, a decision is made to start her on an IV infusion of dopamine to attempt to raise her BP
PHARMACOLOGY OF LOCAL ANESTHESIA
Classification
Mechanism of action
Duration of action
Absorption and distribution
Mode of action
Theories of action of L.A
Pharmacokinetics of local anaesthetics
Routes of administration
Metabolism or biotransformation
Individual agents
Vasoconstrictors
Systemic effects
Toxicity
Advantages
Disadvantages
Maximum allowable dose
Local anaesthetics in community trust services
Sympathomimetic
Dr. Viraj Shinde's document provides an overview of sympathommimetic drugs. It defines them as drugs that mimic the actions of norepinephrine or epinephrine. It discusses the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems, classification of sympathommimetic drugs, examples like epinephrine, mechanisms of action, therapeutic uses, and adverse effects. Receptor types, locations, agonists, and antagonists are outlined. The document also covers neurotransmitters, their criteria and the neurotransmission process. Specific drugs discussed include dopamine, isoproterenol, dobutamine, fenoldopam, phenylephrine, clonidine, and beta-2 selective agents.
Chapter 1 general pharmacology
The document provides an overview of general pharmacology concepts including definitions of pharmacology and drugs. It discusses the objectives of studying pharmacology and defines key terms like receptors, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, drug sources, nomenclature, dosage forms, and routes of drug administration with a focus on oral, parenteral, and other enteral routes. The document aims to introduce students to the basic concepts and principles of pharmacology.
Clinical Case 2
A 61-year-old man is noticed to have increased intraocular pressure on a routine eye examination. The visual acuity is normal in both eyes. The dilated eye examination reveals no evidence of optic nerve damage. Visual field testing shows mild loss of peripheral vision. He is diagnosed with primary open-angle glaucoma and is started on pilocarpine ophthalmic drops.
Cardiovascular pharmacology
Cardiovascular pharmacology
Cardiovascular (=Circulatory) system – heart and blood vessels
Arteries – transport blood to tissues
Capillaries – sites of exchange, fluid O2, CO2, nutrients etc.
Venules – collect blood from capillaries
Veins – transport blood back to heart
Blood moves within vessels – higher pressure to lower pressure
Resistance to flow depends on vessel diameter, length and viscosity of blood
Nonsteroidal anti inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS)
NSAIDs work by inhibiting the cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, which prevents the formation of prostaglandins. Aspirin is a nonselective COX inhibitor that irreversibly acetylates both COX-1 and COX-2. It has analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effects. Common adverse effects include gastrointestinal irritation and bleeding. Aspirin is metabolized to salicylic acid and excreted by the kidneys. It is used to treat fever, pain, and inflammatory conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, but carries risks in children and those with asthma or prior gastrointestinal issues.
Local anaesthetics
Local anesthetics work by reversibly blocking nerve conduction without damaging neurons. They are commonly used in ophthalmic procedures to block sensation in the treated area. The two main types are esters and amides. Local anesthetics work by blocking voltage-gated sodium channels, preventing the generation of action potentials. Commonly used ophthalmic local anesthetics include lidocaine, bupivacaine, and proparacaine. Side effects can include cardiovascular and central nervous system issues. Local anesthetics are applied topically, via infiltration, nerve blocks, or other regional methods.
Corticosteroids
This ppt discusses pharmacological actions, toxic effects and clinical applications of corticosteroids. It also mentions precations to be taken while using steroids
Adrenergic receptors
Adrenoceptors are membrane bound receptors located throughout the body on neuronal and non-neuronal tissues where they mediate a diverse range of responses to the endogenous catecholamines- noradrenaline and adrenaline.
They are G protein coupled receptors.
Binding of catecholamine to the receptor is responsible for fight or flight response.
Mechanism of local anesthesia
Local anesthesia has been defined as loss of sensation in a circumscribed area of the body caused by depression of excitation in nerve endings or inhibition of the conduction process in peripheral nerves.
Factors modifying drug actionsvpp
There are several factors that can modify a drug's action and a patient's therapeutic outcome. These include subject-related factors like age, weight, gender, and disease states. Drug-related factors also influence outcomes, such as dose, route of administration, and drug combinations. Extremes of age, especially neonates and infants as well as elderly patients, often show increased drug sensitivity due to physiological differences. Other factors like genetic variations, psychological state, and concurrent diseases can also impact how an individual responds to medication.
Pharmacodynamics revised
Here are the matches between the pharmacologic terms and their definitions:
1. Efficacy - C) This is the maximal response obtainable by a drug treatment
2. Potency - E) This is the amount of drug required to produce a desired effect
3. Tolerance - A) Decreased response to the same dose of the drug.
4. Therapeutic index - D) This is the ratio of the toxic dose to the therapeutic dose
5. Intolerance - B) When the antagonist is suddenly withdrawn, severe reaction occurs in the form of rebound or withdrawal effects
Local anesthetic solution
1. Local anesthetics work by preventing the generation and conduction of nerve impulses through chemical blockade between the source of impulse and the brain.
2. They act on nerve membranes by decreasing permeability to sodium ions, inhibiting the transmission of action potentials.
3. Doses are presented in milligrams per kilogram of body weight, with a maximum dose between 70-500mg depending on the drug and presence of vasoconstrictors. The dose is reduced for children.
Pharmacology of corticosteroids
Presentation for Medical undergraduates for teaching pharmacology. It deals with Physiology of steroid hormones and their action along with agents which are used therapeutically with their action, adverse effects and therapeutic uses.
Adrenergic drugs.
The document discusses adrenergic drugs, which act on the adrenergic nervous system to produce effects similar to the sympathetic nervous system. It defines adrenergic receptors and classifies adrenergic drugs according to their mode of action, receptor selectivity, and chemical nature. Key adrenergic drugs discussed include adrenaline, noradrenaline, clonidine, and their mechanisms of action, pharmacological effects, indications, and adverse effects.
Beta blockers
Lecture on beta blockers their classification, therapeutic uses, adverse effects , contraindications.
Role of fluoride in dental health
Fluoride is a mineral that strengthens tooth enamel and helps prevent cavities. It occurs naturally in water and soil in some areas. Topical fluoride from toothpaste, mouthrinses and dental treatments helps remineralize enamel, while fluoride in drinking water helps develop strong enamel from an early age. Excessive fluoride intake can cause dental fluorosis, which results in tooth discoloration, but water fluoridation at recommended levels is safe and effective for preventing cavities in both children and adults.
Vasodilators - Medicinal chemistry for B.Pharm.
This ppt covers about angina pectoris, individual drugs used as vasodilators, mechanism of action and synthesis
Corticosteroid
an overall overview in corticosteroids and its application in oral and maxillofacial diagnostic medicine and pathology drawing to the conclusions of the limitations and drawbacks of these medicines. i have also included the precautions to be taken in dental therapeutic procedures fo
3. Drugs acting on bones
This document discusses drugs that affect bone mineral homeostasis. It begins by outlining the learning outcomes, which include the mechanisms of absorption and role of minerals on bones, diagnoses and symptoms of related disorders, drugs that act at the receptor level for bone disorders and their side effects, and pharmacotherapeutics for bone disorders. It then discusses calcium, phosphate, and hormonal regulation of calcium and phosphate homeostasis, including the roles of parathyroid hormone and vitamin D. It also covers calcium absorption, urinary calcium excretion, bone remodeling, osteoporosis, and secondary hormonal regulators of bone mineral homeostasis.
Haematinics
This document discusses various haematinics including iron, vitamin B12, and folic acid. It provides information on their dietary sources, daily requirements, absorption, transport, storage, and roles in treating anaemia. Iron is mainly stored in hemoglobin and myoglobin. Vitamin B12 and folic acid are important for cellular growth and the conversion of homocysteine to methionine. Deficiencies can result from inadequate intake, malabsorption, increased demands, or impaired release/circulation. Oral supplements are usually sufficient but injections may be needed for malabsorption.
Limit test of Arsenic
Arsenic is well known under desirable hand harmful due to its toxic nature, it poses the serious health hazard, which is present in medical substance, many qualitative and quantitative test for arsenic known, however Pharmacopoeia method is based on ‘Gutzeit Method’.
Concentration of arsenic beyond 0.01 mg/L in pollutant by the World Health Organization (WHO).
Reasons:
• Stannous chloride is used for complete evolution of arsine.
• Zinc, potassium iodide and stannous chloride is used as a reducing agent.
• Hydrochloride acid is used to make the solution acidic.
• Lead acetate pledger or papers are used to trap any hydrogen sulphide, which may be evolved along with arsine.
Ganglionic stimulants and blockers suffi
Ganglionic stimulants like nicotine can activate nicotinic receptors in autonomic ganglia, resulting in the stimulation of both sympathetic and parasympathetic responses. Although they have limited medical use, nicotine has been used experimentally to help identify nerve fibers. Ganglionic blockers are competitive antagonists at nicotinic receptors that reduce autonomic tone, and were once used to treat hypertension and peptic ulcers but caused intolerable side effects. Trimethaphan is a short-acting ganglionic blocker occasionally used for controlled hypotension. Mecamylamine has been studied for smoking cessation by blocking nicotine's rewarding effects but also causes constipation. Currently there is no significant
ECONS REPORT
This report provides a comparative analysis of two Chinese herbal medicine shops located in different geographical areas of Malaysia. The report analyzes Poh Aun Tong Medical Hall in Georgetown, Penang and Huah Shan Medical Hall in Klang Valley, Selangor. Interviews were conducted at each shop to gather information. The analysis finds that Huah Shan Medical Hall has greater annual revenue, more customers, and a wider variety of goods compared to Poh Aun Tong Medical Hall. Both shops serve local customers and senior citizens but differ in factors such as location, number of employees, services provided, and business operations.
ACC REPORT
This document provides details of a financial ratio analysis report for Starbucks Corporation conducted by three students. It includes a table of contents, background information on Starbucks' history and recent developments, income statements and balance sheets for 2013-2014, and calculations and interpretations of various profitability and stability ratios. The ratios analyzed show improvements in Starbucks' profitability and ability to manage expenses from 2013 to 2014, with most ratios such as return on equity, net profit margin and inventory turnover improving during this period.
More Related Content
What's hot
Clinical Case 2
A 61-year-old man is noticed to have increased intraocular pressure on a routine eye examination. The visual acuity is normal in both eyes. The dilated eye examination reveals no evidence of optic nerve damage. Visual field testing shows mild loss of peripheral vision. He is diagnosed with primary open-angle glaucoma and is started on pilocarpine ophthalmic drops.
Cardiovascular pharmacology
Cardiovascular pharmacology
Cardiovascular (=Circulatory) system – heart and blood vessels
Arteries – transport blood to tissues
Capillaries – sites of exchange, fluid O2, CO2, nutrients etc.
Venules – collect blood from capillaries
Veins – transport blood back to heart
Blood moves within vessels – higher pressure to lower pressure
Resistance to flow depends on vessel diameter, length and viscosity of blood
Nonsteroidal anti inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS)
NSAIDs work by inhibiting the cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, which prevents the formation of prostaglandins. Aspirin is a nonselective COX inhibitor that irreversibly acetylates both COX-1 and COX-2. It has analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effects. Common adverse effects include gastrointestinal irritation and bleeding. Aspirin is metabolized to salicylic acid and excreted by the kidneys. It is used to treat fever, pain, and inflammatory conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, but carries risks in children and those with asthma or prior gastrointestinal issues.
Local anaesthetics
Local anesthetics work by reversibly blocking nerve conduction without damaging neurons. They are commonly used in ophthalmic procedures to block sensation in the treated area. The two main types are esters and amides. Local anesthetics work by blocking voltage-gated sodium channels, preventing the generation of action potentials. Commonly used ophthalmic local anesthetics include lidocaine, bupivacaine, and proparacaine. Side effects can include cardiovascular and central nervous system issues. Local anesthetics are applied topically, via infiltration, nerve blocks, or other regional methods.
Corticosteroids
This ppt discusses pharmacological actions, toxic effects and clinical applications of corticosteroids. It also mentions precations to be taken while using steroids
Adrenergic receptors
Adrenoceptors are membrane bound receptors located throughout the body on neuronal and non-neuronal tissues where they mediate a diverse range of responses to the endogenous catecholamines- noradrenaline and adrenaline.
They are G protein coupled receptors.
Binding of catecholamine to the receptor is responsible for fight or flight response.
Mechanism of local anesthesia
Local anesthesia has been defined as loss of sensation in a circumscribed area of the body caused by depression of excitation in nerve endings or inhibition of the conduction process in peripheral nerves.
Factors modifying drug actionsvpp
There are several factors that can modify a drug's action and a patient's therapeutic outcome. These include subject-related factors like age, weight, gender, and disease states. Drug-related factors also influence outcomes, such as dose, route of administration, and drug combinations. Extremes of age, especially neonates and infants as well as elderly patients, often show increased drug sensitivity due to physiological differences. Other factors like genetic variations, psychological state, and concurrent diseases can also impact how an individual responds to medication.
Pharmacodynamics revised
Here are the matches between the pharmacologic terms and their definitions:
1. Efficacy - C) This is the maximal response obtainable by a drug treatment
2. Potency - E) This is the amount of drug required to produce a desired effect
3. Tolerance - A) Decreased response to the same dose of the drug.
4. Therapeutic index - D) This is the ratio of the toxic dose to the therapeutic dose
5. Intolerance - B) When the antagonist is suddenly withdrawn, severe reaction occurs in the form of rebound or withdrawal effects
Local anesthetic solution
1. Local anesthetics work by preventing the generation and conduction of nerve impulses through chemical blockade between the source of impulse and the brain.
2. They act on nerve membranes by decreasing permeability to sodium ions, inhibiting the transmission of action potentials.
3. Doses are presented in milligrams per kilogram of body weight, with a maximum dose between 70-500mg depending on the drug and presence of vasoconstrictors. The dose is reduced for children.
Pharmacology of corticosteroids
Presentation for Medical undergraduates for teaching pharmacology. It deals with Physiology of steroid hormones and their action along with agents which are used therapeutically with their action, adverse effects and therapeutic uses.
Adrenergic drugs.
The document discusses adrenergic drugs, which act on the adrenergic nervous system to produce effects similar to the sympathetic nervous system. It defines adrenergic receptors and classifies adrenergic drugs according to their mode of action, receptor selectivity, and chemical nature. Key adrenergic drugs discussed include adrenaline, noradrenaline, clonidine, and their mechanisms of action, pharmacological effects, indications, and adverse effects.
Beta blockers
Lecture on beta blockers their classification, therapeutic uses, adverse effects , contraindications.
Role of fluoride in dental health
Fluoride is a mineral that strengthens tooth enamel and helps prevent cavities. It occurs naturally in water and soil in some areas. Topical fluoride from toothpaste, mouthrinses and dental treatments helps remineralize enamel, while fluoride in drinking water helps develop strong enamel from an early age. Excessive fluoride intake can cause dental fluorosis, which results in tooth discoloration, but water fluoridation at recommended levels is safe and effective for preventing cavities in both children and adults.
Vasodilators - Medicinal chemistry for B.Pharm.
This ppt covers about angina pectoris, individual drugs used as vasodilators, mechanism of action and synthesis
Corticosteroid
an overall overview in corticosteroids and its application in oral and maxillofacial diagnostic medicine and pathology drawing to the conclusions of the limitations and drawbacks of these medicines. i have also included the precautions to be taken in dental therapeutic procedures fo
3. Drugs acting on bones
This document discusses drugs that affect bone mineral homeostasis. It begins by outlining the learning outcomes, which include the mechanisms of absorption and role of minerals on bones, diagnoses and symptoms of related disorders, drugs that act at the receptor level for bone disorders and their side effects, and pharmacotherapeutics for bone disorders. It then discusses calcium, phosphate, and hormonal regulation of calcium and phosphate homeostasis, including the roles of parathyroid hormone and vitamin D. It also covers calcium absorption, urinary calcium excretion, bone remodeling, osteoporosis, and secondary hormonal regulators of bone mineral homeostasis.
Haematinics
This document discusses various haematinics including iron, vitamin B12, and folic acid. It provides information on their dietary sources, daily requirements, absorption, transport, storage, and roles in treating anaemia. Iron is mainly stored in hemoglobin and myoglobin. Vitamin B12 and folic acid are important for cellular growth and the conversion of homocysteine to methionine. Deficiencies can result from inadequate intake, malabsorption, increased demands, or impaired release/circulation. Oral supplements are usually sufficient but injections may be needed for malabsorption.
Limit test of Arsenic
Arsenic is well known under desirable hand harmful due to its toxic nature, it poses the serious health hazard, which is present in medical substance, many qualitative and quantitative test for arsenic known, however Pharmacopoeia method is based on ‘Gutzeit Method’.
Concentration of arsenic beyond 0.01 mg/L in pollutant by the World Health Organization (WHO).
Reasons:
• Stannous chloride is used for complete evolution of arsine.
• Zinc, potassium iodide and stannous chloride is used as a reducing agent.
• Hydrochloride acid is used to make the solution acidic.
• Lead acetate pledger or papers are used to trap any hydrogen sulphide, which may be evolved along with arsine.
Ganglionic stimulants and blockers suffi
Ganglionic stimulants like nicotine can activate nicotinic receptors in autonomic ganglia, resulting in the stimulation of both sympathetic and parasympathetic responses. Although they have limited medical use, nicotine has been used experimentally to help identify nerve fibers. Ganglionic blockers are competitive antagonists at nicotinic receptors that reduce autonomic tone, and were once used to treat hypertension and peptic ulcers but caused intolerable side effects. Trimethaphan is a short-acting ganglionic blocker occasionally used for controlled hypotension. Mecamylamine has been studied for smoking cessation by blocking nicotine's rewarding effects but also causes constipation. Currently there is no significant
What's hot (20)
Viewers also liked
ECONS REPORT
This report provides a comparative analysis of two Chinese herbal medicine shops located in different geographical areas of Malaysia. The report analyzes Poh Aun Tong Medical Hall in Georgetown, Penang and Huah Shan Medical Hall in Klang Valley, Selangor. Interviews were conducted at each shop to gather information. The analysis finds that Huah Shan Medical Hall has greater annual revenue, more customers, and a wider variety of goods compared to Poh Aun Tong Medical Hall. Both shops serve local customers and senior citizens but differ in factors such as location, number of employees, services provided, and business operations.
ACC REPORT
This document provides details of a financial ratio analysis report for Starbucks Corporation conducted by three students. It includes a table of contents, background information on Starbucks' history and recent developments, income statements and balance sheets for 2013-2014, and calculations and interpretations of various profitability and stability ratios. The ratios analyzed show improvements in Starbucks' profitability and ability to manage expenses from 2013 to 2014, with most ratios such as return on equity, net profit margin and inventory turnover improving during this period.
National geographic
National Geographic's annual "Pictures of the Year" collection showcases the most compelling images captured from around the world over the past year. The photos document important events, scientific discoveries, environmental issues and cultural moments. They aim to bring viewers a deeper understanding of our global community through visually striking photography.
Kauri Cliffs Golf Course Yardage Chart
This document provides yardages and hole descriptions for a golf course. It includes information on sprinkler head and tee marker placements. It recommends aiming points and warns of hazards to avoid for each hole. The summaries highlight strategic considerations for driving, approach shots, and putting on different holes based on distance, bunker placement, and green slopes.
Developing an argumentative essay introduction
The document discusses the negative effects of reality TV on children. It argues that while reality TV could make children famous and wealthy, it will likely destroy their lives by causing high stress, allowing people to take advantage of them, and leading to behavioral issues as they mature into adulthood. For these reasons, the document concludes that children should not participate in reality television.
Mastic Surface Treatment Applicator
The document describes a hydraulically adjustable spray bar that can side shift and extend. It has the key advantage of being able to precisely place material where needed while mobile. This benefit improves product appearance and quality, satisfying customers.
Handleiding online boeken in alle veiligheid
Beknopte handleiding met belangrijke informatie om je reis op een veilige wijze online te boeken. Het belang van het Garantiefonds Reizen wordt hier duidelijk aangetoond. Een verwittigd reiziger is er twee waard!
Apple x fbi o que está acontecendo-
O documento resume a disputa entre a Apple e o FBI sobre o desbloqueamento do iPhone de um dos atacantes de San Bernardino. A Apple se recusa a criar uma versão modificada do iOS que permitiria ao FBI desbloquear o iPhone, citando preocupações com a privacidade dos usuários. O documento também discute os lados do debate e casos semelhantes envolvendo o WhatsApp no Brasil.
engineering-africa
The Engineering Africa platform oversees several construction and engineering companies focused on projects in Africa. It is playing a major role in constructing two of the world's largest coal-fired power stations in South Africa. The platform prioritizes mining, minerals processing, and power sectors across Africa and provides services like project development, planning, construction, and maintenance. Safety and sustainability are core priorities of the companies' operations.
Bat kid
Batman first appeared in comic books in May 1939 in Batman issue No. 1. His secret identity is Bruce Wayne, whose parents were murdered when he was a child, leading him to hunt criminals. Though Batman has no superpowers, he uses crime fighting equipment, detective skills, martial arts, science, technology, intimidation, and provocation to avenge his parents' deaths and fight crime.
Cruise Allure of the Seas Algemene Informatie
Onontbeerlijke informatie om zorgeloos op cruise te vertrekken met de Allure of the Seas.
Herramientas tic
Las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC) son herramientas que permiten la creación, almacenamiento, gestión y comunicación de información. Estas tecnologías incluyen internet, computadoras, teléfonos inteligentes y otros dispositivos digitales que facilitan la conectividad y el acceso a la información de manera rápida y eficiente. Las TIC han revolucionado la forma en que las personas se comunican, aprenden y trabajan en el siglo XXI.
CiviCRM 5.0 for Non-Techies
This session will give attendees with a broad understanding of the CiviCRM 5.0 roadmap (to date). In an extremely lightweight and non-technical manner we'll explore the goals and objectives of the project and the challenges to come. We'll dive into some of the more technical aspects of the project using visuals and a palatable dictionary. Finally, with their new-found understanding and proficiency we'll discuss how non-techies can contribute to the project.
MATHS REPORT
The document is a survey report on HIV awareness among male and female students at Taylor's University Lakeside Campus. A group of six students conducted a survey using a 15 question form distributed to 150 male and 150 female students over three days. The collected data was compiled and statistically analyzed to identify the level of HIV awareness between genders. The analysis found that male students displayed a higher level of awareness compared to females, such as knowing HIV cannot be cured and is not transmitted through casual contact or mosquito bites.
PSYCHO VIDEO REPORT
This project involved making a 3-5 minute video clip incorporating at least 5 social psychology concepts. The group members created a story about an old couple, Mr. Jackson and Ms. Sarah, recounting their dating experiences from when they were younger. They applied concepts like stereotypes, first impressions, accommodation, intrinsic motivation, self-fulfilling prophecy, and counterfactual thinking. Each member was assigned roles and tasks like scriptwriting, filming, editing, and report writing. They worked collaboratively to complete the video, presentation, and report by the submission deadline.
Wynn energy resources and agriculture
This document discusses issues related to energy, agriculture, and population growth. It notes that the world population is rapidly growing and may reach 10 billion, placing increasing demands on food and energy production. Food production must keep pace with population growth in terms of quantity, quality, and balanced nutrition. It also discusses peak oil and notes that the world's conventional oil production capacity is declining at a rate of over 1 million barrels per day each year. If oil becomes scarce and prices rise, it will negatively impact transportation, agriculture, food security, and economic activity globally. Adaptation will be needed to address declining energy resources and their consequences.
Viewers also liked (18)
Similar to Clinical Case 6
Metoprolol Succinate: Uses, Dosage , Side effects.
Metoprolol succinate, a medicine used to treat hypertension, belongs to the beta-blocker pharmacological class.
Metoprolol, an antihypertensive medication, competes with other medications to block beta-1 receptors at oral doses of less than 100 mg in adults, while having little to no effect on beta-2 receptors. Metoprolol reduces the quantity of oxygen needed by the heart at any given level of exertion, which aids in the treatment of heart failure. The long-term management of angina pectoris is aided as a result.
antihypertensive_agent
The document discusses antihypertensive agents, providing an overview and classification of types including diuretics, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, and their mechanisms of action. It covers the indications, dosages, side effects, and toxicity management of these classes of antihypertensive drugs used to treat hypertension.
Cardiovascular Drugs-Medicinal Chemistry MANIK
c) Glycosides: chemical and clinical aspects of digoxin and other digitalis glycosides
Functioning and disease of the heart, arrhythmia, atheroma, ischemia, angina pectoris,
coronary thrombosis, myocardial infarction, arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis, hypertension and
congestive heart failure.
Introduction, classification, chemistry, mode of action, structure-activity relationship,
pharmacokineties, indications, contraindications, dose, adverse effects and drug interaction of
following individual class of drugs:
a) Cardiac glycosides.
b) Antihypertensives: -blockers, vasodilators, ca-channel blocking agents, ACE inhibitors.
c) Antiarrhythmic drugs.
Metoprolol (ellen soyombo) final
Metoprolol is a beta-blocker used to treat hypertension, angina, and myocardial infarction. It works by blocking beta-1 receptors in the heart, lowering heart rate and blood pressure. Common side effects include dizziness, fatigue, shortness of breath, and diarrhea. It interacts with many other drugs and its effects are influenced by CYP2D6 metabolism and genetic polymorphisms. To improve safety, medication reconciliation should be done within 20 minutes of admission and the profile updated regularly while educating the patient.
From eye drops to icu, a case report of three side effects of ophthalmic timo...
Timolol Maleate (also called Timolol) is a nonselective beta-adrenergic blocker and a class II antiarrhythmic drug, which is used
to treat intraocular hypertension. It has been reported to cause systemic side effects especially in elderly patients with other
comorbidities.These side effects are due to systemic absorption of the drug and it is known that Timolol is measurable in the serum
following ophthalmic use. Chances of life threatening side effects increase if these are coprescribed with other cardiodepressant
drugs like calcium channel or systemic beta blockers. We report a case where an elderly patient was admitted with three side
effects of Timolol and his condition required ICU admission with mechanical ventilation and temporary transvenous pacing.The
case emphasizes the need of raising awareness among physicians of such medications about the potential side effects and drug
interactions. A close liaison among patient’s physicians is suggested.
CVS-_Antihypertensives-_Beta_blockers.pdf
Pharmacology Lecture Slides on Antihypertensives- Beta Blockers by Sanjaya Mani Dixit Assistant Professor of Pharmacology at Kathmandu Medical College
2969e0d66a077c285b71d2a82dff426b474653b7 (1).ppt
The document provides information on the management of heart failure in 2014. It discusses two cases of patients with heart failure. The first case involves a 69-year-old man (RS) with reduced ejection fraction and multiple hospital admissions who is treated with a biventricular pacemaker and optimization of medications, resulting in improved symptoms and ejection fraction. The second case discusses a 67-year-old man (ED) admitted with breathlessness who is found to have reduced ejection fraction and severe aortic stenosis, and is treated with diuretics, beta-blockers, and ACE inhibitors along with lifestyle counseling.
Pharmaceutical care plan
This document outlines a pharmaceutical care plan for a 61-year-old male patient admitted to the hospital with atrial fibrillation. The patient has a history of hypertension but was non-compliant with his lisinopril. He is also a smoker consuming over 20 cigarettes per day and drinks approximately 20 units of alcohol per week. The care plan involves obtaining the patient's medical history, designing and implementing a pharmaceutical care plan to address his atrial fibrillation and non-compliance, and monitoring treatment outcomes and side effects. A beta-blocker is recommended for rate control and aspirin for anticoagulation given the patient's risk factors for stroke. The patient requires counseling on medication compliance and management of any side
ALL ABOUT HYPERTENSION FOR OMF SURGEONS part 2
1. The document discusses how stress and anxiety can trigger a "fight or flight" response leading to increased blood pressure and heart rate in patients prior to dental surgery.
2. It provides guidelines for evaluating hypertensive patients before dental treatment, including assessing cardiovascular risk factors, functional capacity, and blood pressure levels to determine safety.
3. For hypertensive patients requiring emergency dental treatment, it recommends precautions like using local anesthetics without vasoconstrictors or employing hypotensive anesthesia to control blood pressure and minimize risks of complications like heart attack or stroke.
Hypertension - Role of Azilsartan ( Case based & Evidence based)
1. Resistant Hypertension, complications, Target organ damage 2. newly diagnosed stage-1 hypertension, rationale of use of ARB and comparison of Azilsartan with other ARBs 3. Hypertension with bronchial asthma 4. Hypertension with Diabetes Mellitus with proteinuria 5. Hypertension , Diabetes and IHD 6. Gestational Hypertension , rationale of use of drugs 7. Hypertension , Diabetes , ACS 8. Hypertension, Diabetes and Syndrome X 9. Hypertension and special situations
Anti htn drugs
This document discusses hypertension and antihypertensive drugs. It defines hypertension and describes the classification and stages of hypertension based on blood pressure levels. It also covers the types of hypertension, causes, signs and symptoms, investigations, and treatment approach including lifestyle modifications and drug therapy. The document then describes several classes of antihypertensive drugs in detail, including diuretics, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, beta blockers, and their mechanisms of action, uses, side effects, and drug interactions.
Antiarrhythmic taste smell disturbances 1
This case report describes a 73-year-old female patient who experienced reversible smell and taste disturbances from antiarrhythmic drugs. When taking metoprolol for her arrhythmia, she developed dysosmia (impaired smell) after 3 weeks. Her smell recovered after tapering off metoprolol. However, her arrhythmia worsened so she was given amiodarone, which caused hypogeusia (impaired taste) after 2 weeks. Both her smell and taste fully recovered after discontinuing the drugs. The report concludes these side effects should be made aware to patients on antiarrhythmic drugs.
Bronchoconstrictor Drugs
This document discusses bronchoconstrictors and beta blockers. It defines bronchoconstriction as a side effect of many drugs that act on beta-2 receptors in the lungs, reducing bronchodilation. Several beta blockers are named that can cause bronchoconstriction, including propranolol, nadolol, pindolol, sotalol, and timolol. Details are provided on the mechanisms and dosages of propranolol, nadolol, sotalol, and timolol. Nursing responsibilities in administering these drugs include monitoring for signs of slowed heart rate, low blood pressure, and hypoglycemia. Patients are educated on self-monitoring and not
Beta blocker dr. kiran..
This document discusses beta blockers (ß blockers), which competitively inhibit ß1 and ß2 adrenergic receptors. It covers the mechanism of action, classification, pharmacological properties, individual drugs, therapeutic uses, adverse effects, contraindications, and more. Beta blockers are classified based on generation and properties like selectivity, intrinsic sympathomimetic activity, and membrane stabilization. They are used for cardiovascular conditions like hypertension, angina, heart failure as well as non-cardiovascular uses including migraine prophylaxis, anxiety, glaucoma, and others. Adverse effects are related to ß1 and ß2 blockade.
7.c v s
The document discusses cardiovascular drugs and diseases. It describes the functional components of the heart, including the myocardium and conduction system. It then discusses several main diseases like hypertension, congestive heart failure, coronary artery disease, and cardiac arrhythmias. It provides details on the causes, symptoms, and treatments for these conditions.
7.cvs
The document discusses cardiovascular drugs and diseases. It describes the functional components of the heart, including the myocardium and conduction system. It then discusses several main diseases like hypertension, congestive heart failure, coronary artery disease, and cardiac arrhythmias. It provides details on the causes, symptoms, and treatments for these conditions.
drugs that affect the autonomic nervous system.ppt [autosaved] [autosaved]
This document provides an overview of the autonomic nervous system and discusses various adrenergic and cholinergic drugs. It defines the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems and describes how adrenergic drugs stimulate the sympathetic system while cholinergic drugs stimulate the parasympathetic system. It then discusses the classification, mechanisms of action, effects and uses of various adrenergic and cholinergic drugs including catecholamines, alpha and beta receptor agonists and antagonists, anticholinesterases and direct acting cholinergic drugs. It also touches on myasthenia gravis and organophosphorus poisoning.
ECT .pptx
INTRODUCTION
HISTORY
MECHANISM OF ACTION
INDICATION OF ECT
TYPES OF ECT
ELECTRIC STIMULUS
DURATION OF THERAPY
PRE TREATMENT EVALUATION
CONTRAINDICATION
SIDE EFFECT
ELECTROD REPLACEMENT
ROLE OF NURSES
DOCUMENTATION
SUMMARY
ASSESSMENT AND PLANNING GUIDE FOR USE IN THE HOSPITALThe followi.docx
ASSESSMENT AND PLANNING GUIDE FOR USE IN THE HOSPITAL
The following information should be included daily as it applies to your patient.
Demographic DataDate of AdmissionVital Signs
39 y/o African American male
10/28/18
BP: 115/60. Pain: 2
P: 91
T: 98.2.
RR: 22
SP02: 95
Significant Past Medical HistoryAllergies/Reactions
HTN, Hyperlipemia, Diabetes
NKA
Reason for Hospitalization and Current Diagnosis
Current Diagnosis: Acute Embolic Stroke, Cerebral Edema, R Hemiparesis, Pneumonia
Reason for hospitalization: 38 y/o male with a history of HTN presented with onset Right Sided Weakness and confusion at 11pm on 10-27-18 when he went to sleep. He woke up at 3am and he was talking gibberish to his fiancé. He went back to sleep and 2 hours later his symptoms had worsened. On 10-28-18, EMS was called by his fiancé and he was taken to the ER. His fiancé said he had taken “something” possibly cocaine. Patient was diagnosed with Acute Embolic Stroke, Cerebral Edema, R Hemiparesis and recently Pnuemonia.
Describe thepathophysiologyincluding signs, symptoms and incidence; and compare with patient findings:
· Acute Embolic Stroke:
Pathophysiology: Occurs when a blood clot that forms somewhere elsewhere in the body breaks loose and then travels to the brain through the bloodstream. The clot can lodge in an artery and blocks the flow of blood.
Common symptoms:Difficulty speaking or understanding words, numbness and tingling, temporary paralysis, blurred vision or blindness, slurred speech, dizziness, feeling faint, difficulty swallowing, nausea, sleepiness. Embolic stroke doesn’t cause any unique symptoms
Muscular symptoms: Difficulty with coordination, stiff muscles, feelings of weakness on one side or all of the body.
Cognitive symptoms: Mental confusion, an altered level of consciousness, visual agnosia
Patient Findings: Patient presented with R hemiparesis, facial drooping, slurred speech, difficulty swallowing.
· Cerebral Edema
Pathophysiology: It’s a life threatening condition that causes fluid to develop in the brain.
This fluid increases the pressure inside of the skull causing intracranial pressure (ICP). Increased ICP can reduce brain blood flow and decrease the oxygen your brain receives. The brain needs an uninterrupted flow of oxygen to function properly.
Symptoms: Headache, dizziness, nausea, lack of coordination, numbness, mood changes, memory loss, difficulty speaking, incontinence, change in consciousness, seizures, weakness in extremities
Patient Findings: Patient presented with difficulty speaking, incontinence, change in consciousness, weakness in extremities
· Hemiparesis
Pathophysiology: Hemiparesis is weakness on one side of the body. One side can still move but with reduced muscular strength.
Symptoms: Difficulty walking, standing, and maintaining your balance. You may also have numbness or tingling on your weaker side.
Patient findings: Patient has right sided weakness.
· Pneumonia
.
Beta adrenergic blockers
The document discusses 10 different beta blockers including Propranolol, Metipranolol, Atenolol, Acebutolol, Betazolol, Bisoprolol, Esmolol, Metoprolol, Labetolol hydrochloride, and Carvedilol. It provides information on their uses such as for treating hypertension, angina, heart failure, glaucoma, and arrhythmias. The beta blockers have various properties including selectivity, duration of action, and mechanisms of use for short-term heart rate control or long-term hypertension treatment.
Similar to Clinical Case 6 (20)
Metoprolol Succinate: Uses, Dosage , Side effects.
Metoprolol Succinate: Uses, Dosage , Side effects.
From eye drops to icu, a case report of three side effects of ophthalmic timo...
From eye drops to icu, a case report of three side effects of ophthalmic timo...
Hypertension - Role of Azilsartan ( Case based & Evidence based)
Hypertension - Role of Azilsartan ( Case based & Evidence based)
drugs that affect the autonomic nervous system.ppt [autosaved] [autosaved]
drugs that affect the autonomic nervous system.ppt [autosaved] [autosaved]
ASSESSMENT AND PLANNING GUIDE FOR USE IN THE HOSPITALThe followi.docx
ASSESSMENT AND PLANNING GUIDE FOR USE IN THE HOSPITALThe followi.docx
Recently uploaded
Clinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa Central
Clinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa Central Clinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa CentralClinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa CentralClinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa CentralClinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa Central
TEST BANK For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by...
TEST BANK For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by Stamler, Verified Chapters 1 - 33, Complete Newest Version Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by Stamler, Verified Chapters 1 - 33, Complete Newest Version Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by Stamler Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition TEST BANK by Stamler Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Pdf Chapters Download Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Pdf Download Stuvia Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Study Guide Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Ebook Download Stuvia Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Questions and Answers Quizlet Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Studocu Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Quizlet Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Stuvia Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Pdf Chapters Download Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Pdf Download Course Hero Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Answers Quizlet Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Ebook Download Course hero Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Questions and Answers Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Studocu Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Quizlet Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Stuvia Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Pdf Chapters Download Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Pdf Download Stuvia Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Study Guide Questions and Answers Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Ebook Download Stuvia Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Questions Quizlet Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Studocu Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Quizlet Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Stuvia
Ketone bodies and metabolism-biochemistry
This slide consists of all the topics of ketone . This can be used for exam purpose for writing about Diabetic keto acidosis etc . Thank you
Top Effective Soaps for Fungal Skin Infections in India
Swisschem Dermacare has mentioned the List of The Best Antifungal Soap In India 2022. All of these soaps are trusted by various Dermatology Experts.
TEST BANK For Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 14th Edition by Bertram G. Kat...
TEST BANK For Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 14th Edition by Bertram G. Kat...rightmanforbloodline
TEST BANK For Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 14th Edition by Bertram G. Katzung, Verified Chapters 1 - 66, Complete Newest Version.
TEST BANK For Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 14th Edition by Bertram G. Katzung, Verified Chapters 1 - 66, Complete Newest Version.
TEST BANK For Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 14th Edition by Bertram G. Katzung, Verified Chapters 1 - 66, Complete Newest Version.
TEST BANK For Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 14th Edition by Bertram G. Katzung, Verified Chapters 1 - 66, Complete Newest Version.Adhd Medication Shortage Uk - trinexpharmacy.com
The UK is currently facing a Adhd Medication Shortage Uk, which has left many patients and their families grappling with uncertainty and frustration. ADHD, or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, is a chronic condition that requires consistent medication to manage effectively. This shortage has highlighted the critical role these medications play in the daily lives of those affected by ADHD. Contact : +1 (747) 209 – 3649 E-mail : sales@trinexpharmacy.com
Integrating Ayurveda into Parkinson’s Management: A Holistic Approach
Explore the benefits of combining Ayurveda with conventional Parkinson's treatments. Learn how a holistic approach can manage symptoms, enhance well-being, and balance body energies. Discover the steps to safely integrate Ayurvedic practices into your Parkinson’s care plan, including expert guidance on diet, herbal remedies, and lifestyle modifications.
Promoting Wellbeing - Applied Social Psychology - Psychology SuperNotes
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
Top 10 Best Ayurvedic Kidney Stone Syrups in India
we have mentioned the best 10 ayurvedic Kidney Stone Syrups. You can check all these products and choose the best one for yourself.
Best Ayurvedic medicine for Gas and Indigestion
Here is the updated list of Top Best Ayurvedic medicine for Gas and Indigestion and those are Gas-O-Go Syp for Dyspepsia | Lavizyme Syrup for Acidity | Yumzyme Hepatoprotective Capsules etc
Efficacy of Avartana Sneha in Ayurveda
Avartana Sneha is a unique method of Preparation of Sneha Kalpana in Ayurveda, mainly it is indicated for the Vataja rogas.
Artificial Intelligence Symposium (THAIS)
Artificial Intelligence Symposium (THAIS). Parc Taulí. Sabadell
Recently uploaded (20)
Clinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa Central
Clinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa Central
TEST BANK For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by...
TEST BANK For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by...
Top Effective Soaps for Fungal Skin Infections in India
Top Effective Soaps for Fungal Skin Infections in India
TEST BANK For Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 14th Edition by Bertram G. Kat...
TEST BANK For Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 14th Edition by Bertram G. Kat...
Integrating Ayurveda into Parkinson’s Management: A Holistic Approach
Integrating Ayurveda into Parkinson’s Management: A Holistic Approach
Promoting Wellbeing - Applied Social Psychology - Psychology SuperNotes
Promoting Wellbeing - Applied Social Psychology - Psychology SuperNotes
Top 10 Best Ayurvedic Kidney Stone Syrups in India
Top 10 Best Ayurvedic Kidney Stone Syrups in India
CHEMOTHERAPY_RDP_CHAPTER 6_Anti Malarial Drugs.pdf
CHEMOTHERAPY_RDP_CHAPTER 6_Anti Malarial Drugs.pdf
Vestibulocochlear Nerve by Dr. Rabia Inam Gandapore.pptx
Vestibulocochlear Nerve by Dr. Rabia Inam Gandapore.pptx
Clinical Case 6
- 2. A 70-Year-old man is seen in follow-up at your office after he has been hospitalized for a myocardial infarction. He underwent successful angioplasty and is currently asymptomatic. Prior to his MI, he was not on medications. He is not a smoker and is not diabetic. During his hospitalization, he was noted to have persistently elevated blood pressure readings. He had asthma as a child, but has not had any recent wheezing episodes . While in the hospital, he was started on oral metoprolol.
- 3. Questions 1. Metoprolol is selective for which adrenoceptor? 2. What effects do agents such as metoprolol have on the cardiovascular system? 3. In which organ is metoprolol primarily metabolized? 4. Why must beta adrenergic antagonists be used with caution in asthmatics?
- 4. Summary A 70-year-old hypertensive man with a childhood history of asthma had a recent myocardial infarction and is prescribed metoprolol
- 5. Adrenoceptor selectively antagonized by metaprolol Beta 1
- 6. Effect of beta adrenoceptor antagonists on the cardiovascular system Reduction of sympathetic-stimulated increases in heart rate, contractility and cardiac output Lower BP as a result of effects on heart, renin- angiotensin system, and CNS Increased atrioventricular (AV) conduction time and refractoriness.
- 7. Organ in which metoprolol is metabolized Liver
- 8. Reason for caution in use in asthhmatics Blockade of beta 2 adrenoceptor in bronchial smooth muscle may cause increased airway resistance and bronchospasm