Clep Essay Topics.pdf

Clep Essay Topics
Writing an essay on the topic of "CLEP Essay Topics" can be both challenging and rewarding.
The difficulty lies in the need for a comprehensive understanding of the specific CLEP subjects,
as well as the ability to articulate thoughts and ideas effectively within the constraints of an
essay format.
Firstly, tackling CLEP essay topics requires a deep knowledge of the subject matter. Whether it's
literature, history, science, or any other area covered by CLEP exams, a solid grasp of the
content is essential. This necessitates thorough research and a clear understanding of key
concepts, historical events, or scientific principles depending on the chosen topic.
Additionally, crafting a well-organized essay involves developing a strong thesis statement and
supporting it with relevant evidence. This demands critical thinking skills and the ability to
analyze information to construct a coherent argument. Ensuring a logical flow of ideas,
maintaining a balance between clarity and complexity, and adhering to proper essay structure are
crucial aspects that add to the complexity of the task.
Moreover, writing within the constraints of a timed exam, which is common in CLEP
assessments, adds another layer of difficulty. Managing time effectively while brainstorming,
outlining, and drafting the essay is crucial for success. This requires practice and the ability to
synthesize information quickly.
In conclusion, writing an essay on CLEP topics demands a combination of subject-specific
knowledge, critical thinking skills, and efficient time management. While challenging,
successfully navigating these aspects can lead to a well-crafted essay that demonstrates a deep
understanding of the subject matter.
For assistance with similar essays and more, consider exploring resources likeHelpWriting.net,
where professional support is available to guide you through the intricacies of essay writing and
ensure your academic success.
Clep Essay TopicsClep Essay Topics

Onychophoran Research Paper
Onychophoran, commonly known as the velvet worm, is a worm like creature
with stocky legs and velveteen body. The size of Onychophorans usually ranges
from 14mm to 150mm with 13 to 43 pairs of legs. There are nearly 100 species of
Onychophorans (including fossils). All of them live in moist terrestrial habitat like
the rain forest in Africa, and they are nocturnal animals. Onychophoran has many
features. They are bilaterally symmetrical with a through gut. They don t have
jointed legs, in other word they have lobopods with claws. The 2nd pair of their legs
modified into jaws, and the 3rd pair of legs is the oral papilla, which connected to the
slime gland. From it s appearance, Onychophorans look like slugs or snails for its soft
body, and... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Because of the fossil evidence, the first Onychophoran lives in the water, and in
oder to adapt the environment of the land. They develop the tracheae system.
Another thing that makes Onychophorans cool is their unique preying method.
Most Onychophorans prey. They(the Onychophorans) shoot the spray out of two
slime glands located near their head, and let fluid forces and elasticity go to work
and the spray of the lime can be as long as 20 centimeters, which is almost four
times of their body length. The slime contains collagen type protein which allows
the slime adhesive. The adhesive slime can immobilize their prey, and the
Onychophorans can eventually consume the target prey. Some researchers suggest
that the unique preying method of the Onychophorans are also a result of the sea
land transformation, for the Onychophorans don t have a effective way to prevent
them from desiccation, they need to find food in a really short time and a very
limited places, which is the moist land. The slime spraying method allows them to
get fed in a effective way. Also, in order to prevent itself from desiccation, the
Onychophorans prefer the dark environment which leads to their lack of

Social Darwinism Research Paper
Throughout the Victorian Age, there was great controversy surrounding the
relationship between religion and science. During this era, writers began investigating
the idea of natural forces modifying organisms throughout their existence rather than
God creating every organism with specific attributes to meet their needs. As a result,
the ideology known as Darwinism emerged throughout the age. Later in the era,
Darwinism was tweaked to describe the intricacies of human society and the varying
levels of human economic and social classes. Social Darwinism was established in
the second half of the 19th century based off of the Darwinist ideologies suggested by
naturalists Robert Chambers, Charles Darwin, and Herbert Spencer. Social Darwinism
applies... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Hardy utilizes social Darwinism s decisive features through Jude s desires for a
university education. Social Darwinism flourished remarkably during the Victorian era
because its principles could be seen in society. Thomas Hardy was able to see
Darwinian events, such as survival of the fittest, occur around him in which inspired
him to write Jude the Obscure and demonstrate the ideology throughout his main
character s life. Elliot Gose, Jr. writes,
Victorian England was characterized not only by conflicts but by attempts at
synthesis; the concept of evolution, for instance, was not confined to the study of
biology but spread to the humanities as well. Its most obvious application was in
charting the history and culture of man; thus, most of Hardy s novels deal in some
form with the problems of social evolution.

Rastafarianism Religion
Rastafarianism religion has been around for quite a while and it has certainly
impacted many lives all around the world. Rastafarianism is a religion that resides
in the Caribbean and has become a big religion among the people of the islands.
Rastafarianism is a religion that has roots that go back to Jamaica and the 1930s. The
Followers of the Rastafari movementare also known as Rastafarians, Rastafaris,
Rastas, or Ras Tafarians. The Rastafarian movement is named after Ras Tafari
Makonnen, who was crowned Emperor Haile Selassie I of Ethiopiain 1930.
Rastafarianism is an interesting and purposeful religion that many admire and follow
in the Caribbean. This research will explore the religion that Rastafarians practice,
how Rastafarianism became a religion, and how it is practiced throughout the
Caribbean.... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
African religious tradition has heavily influenced the culture of Rastafarianism
around the Caribbean. Biblical themes have greatly influenced the religion s belief
and its system. The founder of Rastafarian religion to many is known as Marcus
Garvey. Marcus Garvey was born in 1887 and died in the year 1940. Marcus
Garvey was a black Jamaican who taught in the 1920s and is considered a second
John the Baptist up to this day. The philosopher of Rastafari and the origin its
philosophy comes from a man named Leonard P. Howell. There are many who
speak of Rastafari and never understood its philosophy without ever bothering to
recognize the philosopher, Leonard P Howell. Many adherents to the Rastafari
movement are so lost in the Bible that they are not aware of this philosopher and the
origins of the philosophy. Howell was one of the first preachers of the Rastafari
movement and is sometimes known as The First

The Girl
I am truly sorry, Miss, but I was just... Which sounded like bullshit when he said it.
He knew it. He was wearing a brown raincoat, and a pair of muddy boots. A
standard appearance of a vagrant. Yea, you were just accidentally lying in front of
my door and slept for an entire two hours? That is convincing. The girl didn t buy
his apologize. She sniffed, folded her arms, with a disdainful expression on her
pretty face. Now, get lost! She shouted. He looked up at the sky, it was completely
dark. The alley became windy and freezing, but the girl only wore a plaid shirt and
a tapered jeans. He wondered why she was not feeling cold. Jesus, stop staring at me
like that! The girl was getting irritated by his stare. You pervert. She... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Is that a joke? The girl measured him up and down. You are homeless and even
poorer than me. But I am a cellist, he became excited, think about this I can be your
private soloist on your wedding. It will make you rosy. It will make you a rosy
bride. He grabbed the magazine from the girl and turned to various pages, A rosy
bride like her... like her... like her... he said, showing her rosy brides. The girl turned
rosy, thinking about rosy brides. But, the girl switched off her rosy mode, but I can t
afford a musician like you to perform for me... she spoke with a miserable tone that
there were almost tears poured out of her azure pupils. This was the first time he
looked at this girl s face at close range. Her face was delicate under the dim road
lamp, like a sculpture on the roof of a Roman temple. Her mercury read hair tumbled
over her thin shoulders. He started to imagine how her fiancГ© would look like. That
lucky man must be very charming and charismatic to be her fiancГ©, but why would
someone like that marry a girl who is living in a filthy alley of Brooklyn? Don t
worry Miss, he smiled. He was trying to open another window for the girl, I ask for
nothing financially. All you have to do is cooking a few meals for me and we can
become friends very soon. Musicians and beautiful girls are always a perfect pair, I
mean, a pair of friends. He opined. The girl was still

Could Napoleon Dynamite Have Asperger s
It was hard for me to watch this movie and separate Napoleon s behaviors from his
friends and family members. Many of the things he does and says are like those of
the people around him. His overall weirdness was not behavior that I immediately
would have identified as Asperger s, rather someone who is simply a little odd.
However, as I continued to watch the movie I was able to find certain examples
that could be red flags for Asperger s. From the very beginning of the movie, it
seemed like Napoleon never opened his eyes. They are open just enough to be
squinting, and they are rarely directed to be looking at a person. Asperger s
typically come with poor eye contact in social situations, and Napoleon definitely
has this characteristic. Even when he is talking directly to someone, he doesn t
have the comfort level to look them in the eye. The second thing is that he is very
uncoordinated. He is able to play tetherball, but just barely because he hits it with
different amounts of power and so is constantly jumping out of the way. When he
goes out to feed Tina the llama, he is awkward about getting the food through the
fence to her, and then flings it on the ground in front of her with his fork. He also
has an awkward walk that gets especially odd when he runs and is very
uncoordinated. The third characteristic that is typical of people with Asperger s is a
lack of interest in the feelings and emotions of others. Napoleon makes comments to
people that most of us wouldn t

The First Amendment Speaks On The Freedoms Of Religion
Hannah Bing
Judy Hatcher
WRIT 3037
17 October 2016
Free Art The First Amendment speaks on the freedoms of religion, speech, press,
assembly and petition; so important, they found their place in the US Constitution.
Even with these freedoms meaning so much to the majority of America, somehow
today we still encounter differences in political and religious views that seem to
provoke people to act violently against a piece of art or even physically against the
artist that created it such as in the recent case of artist Illma Gore. Often the violent
action of destroying a work of art is more offensive than the image itself. We should
allow artists free reign of subject matter as well as style and work together to prevent
art desecration and violence through education of the arts. Censorship is the result of
the fear of art. When the fear of art turns into iconoclasm or, rejection of a valued
belief system, that fear becomes lack of government funding, desecration, and
physical violence.
Visual artists fell through the gaps and did not receive federal support for their work
until the creation of the NEA or National Endowment for the Arts in 1965. This
federal program had little funding but proved a growing interest in art and art
viewing from the public. This demand for art creates a demand for funds to support
venues and museums so they can keep their doors open. A problem with the NEA is
that they provide government funding, which prevents them from being biased about

Summary Of The Combahee River Collective
For the sake of analysis and a broader understanding of historical context, it is
important to acknowledge that the emergence of Black Feminist ideology was not
solely in response to the disregard of the needs of African American women in
mainstream feminism, but in the ongoing civil rights and black liberation
movements, as well. These movements primarily focused on the oppression
practiced towards black men and were known for demonstrating sexism towards the
women involved despite the crucial role that they were playing. Black women were
often forced to stay in the background as unsung heroines while their male
counterparts were recognized as leaders. Therefore, the origins of Black Feminismcan
be tied to the misogynist tendencies... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It gave them the opportunity to form a united front in pursuing their goals, such as an
end to racial and gender discrimination in the workforce. After the NBFO s
disbandment in 1976 , former members went on to establish the Combahee River
Collective, a black feminist organization which produced the Combahee River
Collective Statement, an essential document used in the progression of Black
Feminist ideology. It addressed the concept of intersectionality, declaring its main
ambition to be the development of integrated analysis and practice based upon the
fact that the major systems of oppression are interlocking. This later led to the
establishment of the Vanguard Center, an approach that places Black Feminism at the
center of the overall Feminist movement in terms of the solution to universal
equality. As defined by Roth in Separate Roads to Feminism, it is the idea that the
liberation of black women, oppressed by race, gender, and class domination, would
mean the liberation of all. Theoretically, for women of color to succeed in
overcoming the main sources of discrimination and societal oppression, women of
every race and class would be freed, as well. In what is considered to be one of the
foundation texts of the movement, An Argument for Black Women s Liberation as a
Revolutionary Force, African American feminist Mary Ann Weathers addresses this
theory of the Vanguard Center,

How Societies Choose To Fail Or Succeed By Jared
Diamond...
Picture yourself as a ghostly spectator who is looking onto future archaeologists
rummaging through the remnants of your old house. They are picking up and
evaluating your old books, electronics, and clothes and considering what each item
would have been used for, and how did this individual s society come to be a
ruinous, abandoned mess. This is an impossible imagination for someone who has
yet to read Collapse: How Societies Choose to Fail or Succeed by Jared Diamond.
In his book, he states that a society has five determining factors that decide whether it
will prevail or collapse: human inflicted environmental damage, climate change,
hostile neighbors, decreased support from friendly neighbors, and how a society
responds to its problems. Diamond, the creator of this five point framework,
adequately supports his framework by providing much evidence about the collapses
and potential collapses of past and current societies, such... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
In order for societies to grow and develop, they must consume the resources from
their environment; in many cases, the consumption of such resources without a
quota will cause an expenditure rate higher than that of a regrowth rate, which will
eventually lead into a complete depletion. A significant example of this is
deforestation. Although different regions have differing levels of deforestation,
there are resulting problems from deforestation, such as decreased wild game,
infertile soil, and soil erosion. Great examples of deforestation, as illustrated by
Diamond, are the Easter Islanders and the Norse of Greenland. The first
inhabitants of Easter Island are believed to have come from the western islands of
Polynesia by boats around 900 A.D. Pollen and charcoal samples show the
disappearance of plant species (including trees) at between 1400 and 1600 A.D. With
all their forests cleared, the islanders were left with a loss of an important resource

Noun Clauses
Noun Clauses
A
NOUN CLAUSE is a group of words with a subject and a verb
WHO
WHEN
WHOM
You can recognize a noun clause by one of the relative pronouns or adverbs that
begin the clause
A noun clause consists of three components:
пЃ®
A relative pronoun or adverb
пЃ®
A subject
пЃ®
A verb
Noun clauses function like
Uses of Noun Clauses
пЃ®
After some verbs and adjectives
пЃ®
To include a question in a statement
(embedded questions)
пЃ®
To report what someone has said or asked Noun clauses can follow certain verbs and
adjectives that express mental activities
пЃ®
пЃ®

пЃ®
пЃ®
пЃ®
пЃ®
пЃ®
пЃ®
пЃ®
пЃ®
пЃ®
Agree
Believe
Decide
Doubt
Feel
Forget
Guess
Hear
Hope
Imagine
Know
notice realize remember see show suppose think understand wonder say tell
afraid ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In writing, use quotation marks. John said, I love this class.
Indirect
(reported)
speech
Reports what a speaker said
without using the exact words.
There are no quotation marks.
John said that he loved this class.
The reporting verbs say and tell are usually in the simple past for both direct and
indirect speech.
He said, It s great.
He said it was great
Remember to change pronouns, time and place expressions this and here in indirect
speech to keep the speaker s original meaning.
Ann told Rick, I bought this dress here.

Ann told Rick that she had bought that dress there.
He said:
I ll
leave now.
пЃ®
He told me (that)
He would leave then. He was going to drive Traffic may be bad she might move he
could help
They had to stay
I must be careful
Some Modals change forms can could may might will would have to, must had to
could, might, should, would, ought to, and had better do not change form
Are you bringing any fruit into the country?
The customs officer asked the tourists if they were bringing any fruit into the country.
Do you have your transcripts with you?
The registrar asked me if I had my transcripts with me.
Can you fix my car?
I asked the mechanic if he could fix my car.
Did you see the accident?
The police officer asked me if I had seen the accident.
What do you want to be when you grow up?
My first grade teacher asked me what I wanted to be when I grew

The Postmorbid Condition by Vivian Sobchack Essays
Reading Questions on the essay: The Postmorbid Condition by Vivian Sobchack
1. Sobchack s argument pertaining to on screen violence that she wrote thirty
years ago was that any violent acts portrayed in movies back then was to
emphasize the importance of an element in a story, an emphatic way of engaging
the viewers and forcing them to feel what the movie was about. It gave them a
sense of the substance of the plot which would allow them to feel for the characters
and yearn for good to overcome evil. In other words, the effort made to engage
audiences through depictions of violence created violence that was artistic and well
done, or as Sobchack writes, violence was aestheticized. Violence was incorporated
into film in a stylistic ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Sobchack also states that meaningless violence, or violence with no significance is
not only prevalent in film, but in everyday life as well.
4. Irony and Satire do contribute to the desensitizing of audiences due to the fact
that the meaning of violence is completely abandoned and viewers see only the
comedic side of the scene. For example, in Pulp Fiction Jules recites from the Bible
before killing his victim, completely turning the attention of viewers from the
meaning of the young man s impending death, and in the scene entitled The Bonnie
Situation, the cleanup of the killing is focused on more than the senseless,
meaningless act itself. Modern violence in movies, in Sobchack s words, have
become excessive in violence and that when they elicit screams, they also elicit
laughter. Too much violence becomes so outrageous and over the top that gore and
the quantity of death are expected, and that is considered funny by audiences (432).
As a result, violence does not seem real anymore.
Reading questions on the essay, A Moral Never Never Land: Identifying with Tony
Soprano by James Harold.
1. Plato and Tolstoy argued that art can be dangerous because audiences can identify
with many of the characters portrayed in any specific work, and

Essay on The Shawnee Tribe in Central Pennsylvania
The Shawnee Tribe in Central Pennsylvania
His name is Wautheeweela. It means Bright Horn, referring to horns on a deer. He
is ten years old, and ready to make his journey to prove his manhood. He and other
boys from his Shawnee tribe have been physically toughened and taught to be
independent since an age of around six. In winters, they have had to break the ice to
jump into the freezing river to continue their daily routine of learning to survive with
Nature and its elements. Now will be his test of endurance. He is sent into the woods
with a bow and arrow and told not to come back until he had shot something to eat.
His face is blackened with charcoal, a sign to all who saw him that he is on his quest
and cannot be helped. He would ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The large buck comes out from behind a tree and shows itself. He pulls back his
arrow. This is the moment of truth for this young boy, a part of growing up in the
Shawnee culture in central Pennsylvania.
Central Pennsylvania was never known as to have been the permanent settlement for
any large group of Native Americans. It was more of a stop for traveling tribes or a
place of refuge. The Cherokees once passed through here in the early 17th century
(Wallace, 1970). The Susquehannock Indians were an Iroquois Indian tribe that
settled the Susquehanna watershed before they migrated to Maryland, near the
Chesapeake Bay (Cadzow, 1936). The tribe that stayed the longest and had the most
influence on Central Pennsylvania was the Shawnee. The Shawnees were an
Algonkian people whose original home was most likely the Cumberland River in
Tennessee. This southern position gave them the name Shawnee, meaning
southerners in the Algonkian language. The Shawnees split up often and moved
around a lot, they are noted to have lived in parts of Tennessee, Kentucky, Ohio,
West Virginia, and Pennsylvania. Their first known appearance in Pennsylvania in
great numbers was in 1697 (Harvey, 1855). The tribe had five main groups:
Chillicothe, Kispokotha, Pique, Sawekela, and the Makostrake (Johnson, 1937).
These became so intermixed that they are now indistinguishable. The reasons for
these groups were mainly for political and ritual purposes and did not affect

Political, Cultural And Social Characteristics Of...
The political, cultural, and social improvements crosswise over Afro Eurasia were
fundamentally the same as the Americas and sub Saharan Africa. The greater part
of the political and scholarly pioneers needed to know the same inquiries with
reference to who individuals were. There were city states that had autonomous,
self representing urban areas. A typical society in Nubia was embraced by
numerous Egyptian societies and political practices. Hellenism is the reception of
Greek culture that assumed control under Alexander s successors. There was a
spread of Hellenistic society that reached out from the Mediterranean basin to
Southwest Asia. The effect changed the whole culture that was not known to
individuals. There was another type of dialect that supplanted the old named the
Koine Greek. Because of the change in embracing Hellenism, individuals who
lived in urban areas were no more thought to be called residents, be that as it may,
they were considered cosmopolitans. Plays were more normal and were affected by
Greek ways and must be meant to any environment they were being appeared in.
Characters were spoken to in a manner that anybody could allude to. The effect
changed the way the political style was. There were currently divine rulers who ruled
over the regions and the new rulers made their kin feel little.... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Numerous who were awed with the Hellenistic society needed to mix it with
Buddhism. Because of the blending of nomadic, Hellenistic, Persian, and
Mesopotamian conventions there was another religious union, Mahayana Buddhism.
Buddhism, once spread, affected numerous. Buddhism connected from India to China
and central Asia taking after the Silk Road. Buddhist monks went with merchants to
the Chinese s capital Han Empire and made an interpretation of Buddhist writings
into Chinese, however Buddhist thoughts were moderate to pick up

Geckos Research Papers
At first I was hiking in the Costa Rican Jungle and was inspired by the many animals
and sea life creatures.
In fact, I took notice to the many geckos I was lucky enough to witness in action.
What really crossed my eye was how acrobatic these geckos were. Millions of hairs
are found on gecko s peculiar feet that are called setae. The hairs attraction is
extremely miniscule and the net effect is very powerful. In fact, the hairs are so
powerful they are measured up be able to carry 250 pounds. The trick that they us is
the change of direction of the setae and the grip is instantly broken, no sticky residue,
no tearing, and no pressure necessary. A team in the University of Massachusetts,
Amherst, that researchers developed Geckskin, and an adhesive so strong that it can
hold 700 pounds. Barlett Crosby/UMASS Amherst. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Dabiri of California Institute of Technology associated with aquatic bio forms.
Wind turbines are the Colossus of the modern landscape and the blades can sweep
up to a football field in diameter. Critics call this particular invention unsightly
while the blades clobber unsuspecting birds. There is also an a efficiency problem
while the blades become more powerful, but they re size requires that they be spaced
apart, this means they take up a lot of land. John Dabiri of Caltech also found a
solution underwater and also built an experimental wind farm (FLOWE). In which
the location of turbine relative to each other takes advantage of air flow among
them Dabiri 1. The turbine placement was determined by studying the wake vortices
produced by schools of swimming fish Dabiri 1. Dabiri s 30 ft. tall wind turbine has
blades that gather energy generated as wind flows through the wind farm. The
blades take advantage of the wind s behavior, for energy production, the way fish
take advantage of water s behavior for forward

Pros And Cons Of Snowden
In 2013 former Central Intelligence Agency employee Edward Joseph Snowden
leaked classified information about the National Security Agency s ways of
monitoring American citizens. Although several politicians believe he should not be
pardoned because of his violations of the Espionage Act and disloyalty to the United
StatesGovernment, president Obama should grant amnesty to Snowden for revealing
the NSA s domestic spying, his attempt to protect citizen s rights and NSA s
surveillance program being found to be illegal.
Thus, everything began when the computer professional landed a job in 2006
working as an information technologist storing, retrieving, transmitting and
manipulating data at the Central Intelligence Agency. After being suspected of
venturing into classified files he left his job and moved on to Booz Allen Hamilton.
Throughout his years of working as an information technologist he compiled a large
store of top secret documents on practices that he found invasive and disturbing. ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This act establishes the new powers given to the U.S. Department of Justice, the
National Security Agency and other federal agencies on domestic and international
surveillance of electronic communications. Federal appeals in New York looked into
the situation and found it to be unlawful because it exceeds the scope of what
congress has authorized by conjointly studying the phone calls of citizens not
convoluted with terrorism. Information gathered from Snowden included the top
secret court order directing telecommunications company Verizon to relinquish all of
its telephone data to the NSA on an ongoing daily basis. Out of Snowden and the
National Security Agency only one has been found to have acted unlawfully and it is
not

Personal Statement For Marine Biology
Personal Statement
Education has always been an important foundation upon which my family
encouraged the most. Not just the education pertaining to structured schooling, but
the fundamentals in life that require you to interact in society and be a part of
something bigger than yourself. They demonstrated how to commit to values such as
responsibility, motivation, and consistency; and, how to be open minded and
passionate about the things you believe in. These things all required a sacrifice in
various ways. They always stress how sometimes you need to give up something to
get ahead, or how sometimes sacrificing the familiar and what you expect from
yourself to get the results that you are seeking in the long run.
The dream of having majored in marine biology is one thing, but to get to have a
marine biology degree is a fifth grader s dream come true. The environment is
heading in a rough direction. For example, ocean acidification is already a
problem. The decrease in pH of our ocean acidity is causing coral reefs to die out
which houses thousands of organisms homes and food sources. Due to the
contaminants, we release into the natural environment, we are slowly losing
ecosystems every day. Therefore, I want to be the researcher to help save the
oceanic life from these horrible conditions. Also, the career of marine biology can
take a person anywhere, from the coasts of the Bahamas all the way to the depths of
the Arctic Ocean. This provides the advantage

Radical Halogenation and Gas Chromatography
RADICAL HALOGENATION AND GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY Abstract In
radical halogenations lab 1 chlorobutane and 5% sodium hypochlorite solution was
mixed in a vial and put through tests to give a product that can then be analyzed
using gas chromatography. This experiment was performed to show how a radical
hydrogenation reaction works with alkanes. Four isomers were attained and then
relative reactivity rate was calculated. 1,1 dichlorobutane had 2.5% per Hydrogen; 1,2
dichlorobutane had 10%; 1,3 dichlorobutane had 23%; and 1,4 dichlorobutane had
9.34% per Hydrogen. Introduction Alkanes are relatively unreactive. There are only a
few types of reactions commonly performed. In this lab, halogenation was performed.
In the methane molecule, the... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Only three peaks were identified from the data and four were supposed to appear;
1,4 dichlorobutane was missing on the data. Reading from the handout that was
posted online with an example GC run, the fourth peak is not on the graph because
the GC was cut off too soon. In the example, the last peak came up around retention
time 8.5. According to this data, GC was cut off around retention time 8.0. Another
issue is that the second peak, 1,2 dichlorobutane to be precise, is very little. That is
it is not even registered in the data. Due to not having the full data, the example GC
run is used for this lab report. 1,1 dichlorobutane has 2 2МЉ H s. It is expected from
mathematical stand point that 16.7% of the product will be it. In reality that was
not what happened. After the experiment, according to GC data, 1,1 dichlorobutane
had 5% of the product. That is a pretty big difference; it is a lot smaller than
expected. It is the first product to show up on the graph, as expected. According to
the handout, a major boiling point of 1,1 is at 114МЉ. The next three are at higher
boiling points, and that is how it is known which peak is which product. The
relative reactivity rate is 2.5% per Hydrogen. Since there is only two Hydrogens and
only 5% for this product, each Hydrogen gets 2.5% chance

Smart Growth And Historic Preservation
Smart Growth and Historic Preservation:
An Old Idea With a New Name
Abstract:
In present day America, historic preservation is not just for the historic home, but
rather a component of smart growth; which utilizes space in cities where buildings
have already been established. With businesses closing, cities feel the crippling
effects on its economy and with that consideration in mind; cities can reinvent
themselves with the abandoned spaces for city growth through adaptive reuse. To
find out just how beneficial using the abandoned buildings, further research needs to
be conducted on the movements associated with historic preservation using adaptive
reuse. These elements will help provide evidence or lack thereof that historic
preservation is actually a form of smart growth. Based on the observations from the
historic districts in cities like Charleston, South Carolina, I believe historic
preservation is a form of smart growth due to the adaptive reuse of current buildings
(i.e. Warehouse becomes lofts and businesses).... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Cities supporting historic preservation utilizing adaptive reuse have been selected
based on criteria later explained in the methods. I will use journals, articles, books,
and public records in order to gather more information concerning this topic. Using
historic preservation will help planners use mixed use development, which is an
aspect of adaptive reuse. The research will show the importance of preservation verse
new construction. The reasons why new construction is damaging not just to the
history lost but also to the farmlands and open spaces. Research will include a
comparison of what is being done today and past historic preservation techniques used
in cities having large historic

The Bearing of Race and Ethnicity in the Criminal Justice...
There has been an ongoing debate as to whether or not race and ethnicity have a
bearing on an individual s treatment in the criminal justice system for many years. I
will be arguing that race and ethnicity do in fact, have a bearing on one s treatment
in the criminal justice system. I will be backing up my position on this topic by
providing evidence from five scholarly articles.
My first source is African Americans and the Criminal Justicesystem by Phyllis Gray
Ray, Melvin C. Ray, Sandra Rutland, and Sharon Turner. The authors hypothesis is
that during the course of America s history, there has been a lot of discrimination
occurring in the criminal justice system when the race of an individual is taken into
account. The method these authors used was looking at and comparing a few
studies. These studies include French 1979, Flowers 1988, Petersilia 1985, Crew
1991:11, and Zatz 1987. The authors also conducted a study of their own for this
article. They also looked at the statistics from the Bureau of Justice Statistics and the
Sourcebook of Criminal Statistics.
In this article, it is stated that the primary goal of the US criminal justice system is to
provide equality without discrimination. However, during the study the authors
conducted, they found that one s appearance and environment are a factor when it
comes to arrest. It is also noted that whites are far more likely to have their sentences
and charges reduced than blacks. The authors state that blacks are typically

Arizona Logger Research Paper
Aliens found one American logger interesting, and the story was a news sensation.
The abduction of Arizona logger Travis Walton happened in 1975. It even inspired
the film Fire in the Sky. If an event like this took place today, government officials
would be forced to come clean about aliens, because the Internet buzz would be too
large to ignore. The alien group was made up of three short bald alien men, but this
is all Walton remembers. Was he telling the truth? Arizona logger disappears for
nearly a week as aliens dissect him; he remember very little Travis Walton was
working on a logging crew in Arizona in 1975 when aliens took him. The year was
1975, and alien UFO stories were far and few between. Unlike today, since you can
find countless alien stories on Google and YouTube. Walton was driving with other
loggers when... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In fact, many believe the event was a hoax. Despite the negative press, this story is
frightening. The alien group that took him had the ability to disable him with
light and the tech to erase his mind. Walton remembers waking up on the UFO to
three short bald alien men wearing helmets. After they covered his face with a
plastic mask, he remembers nothing. He was missing for five days, and his
memory didn t return until the UFO left him on the side of the highway. UFO
researchers paid Walton $5,000 for the best UFO case of the year; that was a lot of
money in 1975 Many believe that Walton s story of aliens was a lie. Oddly, however,
he passed a lie detector test and was awarded $5,000 by the National Enquirer for
the Best UFO Case that year. Local authorities reported he and his family were
obsessed with UFOs, even before the event. The story also sparked a 1993 movie
called Fire in the Sky. Travis Walton also authored a book about his experience
called Fire in the Sky: The Walton Experience. The hardcover edition is available on
Amazon for

application of theory
Application of Theory Paper
Guidelines Scoring Rubric
Purpose:
The purpose of this assignment is to synthesize one strategy for the application of a
specific nursing theory to resolving a problem or issue of nursing practice in nursing
leadership, nursing education, nursing informatics, or health policy.
Course Outcomes
Through this assignment, a student will demonstrate the ability to: (CO#1) Analyze
theories from nursing and relevant fields with respect to their components,
relationships among the components, logic of the propositions, comprehensiveness,
and utility to advanced nursing. (PO1)
(CO#3) Communicate the analysis of and proposed strategies for the use of a theory
in nursing practice. (PO3, 7, 10)
(CO#4) Demonstrate ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
2. The textbook required for this course may not be used as a reference for this
assignment.
3. A minimum of 3 scholarly references are used. References must be current no
older than 5 years, unless a valid rationale is provided. Consult with the course
instructor about using an older source.
4. Title page, body of paper, and reference page(s) must be in APA format as
presented in the 6th edition of the manual
5. Ideas and information from readings and other sources must be cited and cited
correctly.
6. Grammar, spelling, punctuation, and citations are consistent with formal academic
writing as presented in the 6th edition of the APA manual
Directions and Grading Criteria
Category
Points
%
Description
Introduction
60
19
Introduction to the paper includes all of the following:
General statements on the idea of nursing theory being applied to solve problems
/ issues in nursing practice, regardless of the specialty area of practice.
A brief one paragraph summary of a specific nursing theory
Information on the sections of the paper
Problem/ Issue
85
26

The problem/issue is substantively discussed.
The problem is clearly in nursing leadership, nursing education, nursing informatics,
or health policy.
Scholarly evidence supporting the issue is included.
Strategy
100
30
All of the following are present:
One strategy for resolving the identified issue is discussed substantively
Concepts and principles from the selected nursing theory are

Hockley In Titanic
The Titanic Depth of the Heart of the Ocean
Ahh, open your heart to me, Rose, pleads Caledon Hockley of the young Rose
in James Cameron s film, Titanic, just after he gives her a most expensive
diamond. The actor Billy Zane plays Hockley as a callous, jaded, been there done
that sophisticate who seems to want her heart simply because he believes it is for sale
and he has a right to it. His blindness to higher motives in love totally disqualifies him
from being worthy of Rose DeWitt Bukater, played by Kate Winslet. But perhaps it is
also the opaque nature of love itself that defeats him. This scene between Hockley and
Rose is one of several ways in which Cameron develops the idea of the closed heart
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The crew is stumped. But then
Rose hears a newscast about it, sees her picture on TV and calls the ship, asking, I
was just wondering if you had found the heart of the ocean yet, Mr. Lovett?
The literal gem, then, serves to drive the plot. People explore wrecks for the
challenge and for scientific purposes, but Cameron has Brock Lovett, played by Bill
Paxton, and his salvage crew searching for a diamond. This motivation works on two
levels. It gives a reason for the dangerous and expensive dive that the people sitting in
the dark theater can appreciate. Many people in this materialistic world can relate to
and understand betting one s life and fortune on a diamond that rivals the Hope
diamond in value. On an artistic level, though, the search for material wealth parallels
the confidence that the Titanic s owners place in material goods and technology. And
of course, just as money and wealth by themselves fail to make life worthwhile for
most
people, all of the confidence her owners and passengers mistakenly place in the

integrity of this man made ship cannot keep them warm in ice water.
In addition to driving the plot, the diamond functions on a figurative, symbolic
level. The gem represents the human heart, the repository and driving force behind
people s emotions. Toward the end of

Summary Of Fantasy In C. S. Lewis The Witches
Fantasy has no limits or boundaries making it unique and unpredictable. The
difficulty in finding material that is both new and true increases drastically . C.S
Lewis highlights fantasy s ability to be unpredictable in The Adventures of Alice in
Wonderland. Near the end of the novel Alice is about to be decapitated by the
Queen of Hearts when she shouts out, Who cares for you? . . . You re nothing but a
pack of cards! . Fantasys ability to be unpredictable is a especially important because
our everyday world is at times quite predictable and mundane. Roald Dahl also uses
the element of unpredictability in his novel, The Witches. In reality we know a
battle between one small child and a room full of adults would clearly be won by the
adults,... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Fantasy works by focusing on an outer rather than inner landscape, an orientation
particularly important for children (Dewan, 2010 p.2). When the narrator in Roald
Dahl s The Witches, is turned into a mouse, he still has the same personality, he
still talks and thinks the same, He is exactly the same boy on the inside. This is
also the case with Bruno Jenkins, he still seems to only care about eating.
Although a child being transformed into a mouse may seem absurd and
impossible, the wonderful feature of fantasy is the underlying messages. This
seemingly ridiculous transformation effectively teaches children that physical
appearance is not important, what is important is what s on the inside. Another
deep idea is conveyed when Grandmamma explains real witches dress in ordinary
clothes and look very much like ordinary women (Dahl 2007, p.11), Demonstrating
that something cannot be judged simply by appearance. What appears to one on
the outside can be the opposite on the inside this is also demonstrated by The
Witches narrator. He s seven years old and he s transformed into a mouse. This
seemingly harmless creature defeats all the witches of England on his own with
only a little help from Grandmamma. The differentiation between Coraline s own
world and the other world in Coraline by Neil Gaiman is another example of
fantasy s unique use of setting to convey ideas. When reading realism we are often
trapped inside the eyes of the narrator. Fantasy is often more decretive than
realism. The sky was a robin s egg blue, and Coraline could see trees and, beyond
the trees, green hills, which faded on the horizon into purples and grays. The sky
had never seemed so sky, the world had never seemed so world. (Gaiman, 2014
p.187). Neil Gaiman, like most fantasy authors takes the reader beyond the characters
mind and into the characters world. It is not only the

Female Characters Of The Novel Dracula
Throughout the Victorian period in which Dracula was written, there was great
concern over the roles of women, and the place they held in society. The two central
female characters in Dracula are Mina Murray, later Mina Harker, and Lucy
Westenra, though arguably Dracula s three daughters also hold a strong place in
terms of female characters in the novel also.
One of the main depictions of women in the novel is that are either both sexually
promiscuous and overtly sexual, or they are pure and chaste. In Victorian society,
you were either a virgin or a married woman, if women were neither then they were
not of much moral worth to society. Much like this Victorian ideal, the overtly
promiscuous and sexual females of Dracula are depicted as evil and monstrous, while
the pure and chaste women are displayed as strong and heroic.
The character of Mina Murray, whom starts the novel as a young school headmistress
that is engaged to one of the novel s narrators, Jonathan Harker. Throughout the
novel, Mina is depicted as the ideal Victorian woman. Take what Dr. Van Helsing
says of Mina in chapter fourteen,
She is one of God s women, fashioned by His own hand to show us men and other
women that there is a heaven where we can enter, and that its light can be here on
earth. So true, so sweet, so noble, so little an egoist... (Stoker 2002: 198)
Here, Van Helsing describes Mina as in possessions of such virtue that she is the
epitome of what God intends women to be. He associates Mina

Summary Of The Power Of Home Gardens
пїјAustin Matzelle Ms. Martha Silano English 201 OAS September 27 2016
The Power of Home Gardens in America
TEDxDirigo hosted Roger Doiron to provide listeners with his message: A
subversive plot: how to grow a revolution in your own backyard. Throughout his talk,
Doiron passionately explains to listeners how growing a backyard garden can help
someone retake control over an aspect of their life. Their food supply.
Food is a form of energy, it s what our bodies run on. But it is also a form of power.
(Roger Doiron) Doiron believes that when people venture into building their own
gardens, they gain control over their own diets, health, and pocketbooks. He alludes
to how citizens taking this power subversively undermine the power of corporations
usually in charge of the general populations health and food needs.
We are in the midst of an obesity epidemic ... and in a parallel world we see that
hunger is on the rise. (Doiron) The next angle Doiron takes is attacking the major
problems our planet is facing. The obesity rates in many countries has been steadily
rising, yet hundreds of millions are malnourished. Our planet s resources are also
dwindling, the amount of land we can grow on, our water supply, and even the
genetic diversity of the plants we consume are all under attack due to the inflation of
human populations.
Matzelle

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