Classification of plants and animals

1. Classification of Plant and Animal
Kingdom
For Grades 6-9

2. Introduction
• Living organisms are classified to understand
their similarities and differences.
• Helps in identifying, naming, and studying
organisms easily.
• Classification groups organisms based on
common characteristics.

3. Basics of Classification
• Classification is based on structure, function,
and genetics.
• Two main groups: Plant Kingdom and Animal
Kingdom.
• Further classified into sub-groups for better
understanding.

4. Plant Kingdom - Characteristics
• Multicellular and autotrophic (make their own
food).
• Cell walls made of cellulose.
• Have chlorophyll and perform photosynthesis.

5. Plant Kingdom - Sub Groups
• Thallophyta (e.g., algae) - simple, no true
stem, root or leaves.
• Bryophyta (e.g., mosses) - non-vascular, grow
in moist places.
• Pteridophyta (e.g., ferns) - have roots, stem,
and leaves.
• Gymnosperms (e.g., pine) - cone-bearing, no
flowers.
• Angiosperms - flowering plants with seeds in

6. Animal Kingdom - Characteristics
• Multicellular and heterotrophic (depend on
others for food).
• No cell wall; have complex organs.
• Capable of movement and sensory response.

7. Animal Kingdom - Sub Groups
• Invertebrates: no backbone (e.g., insects,
worms).
• Vertebrates: have backbone (e.g., fish, birds,
mammals).
• Vertebrates are further classified into: Fish,
Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds, Mammals.

8. Conclusion
• Classification helps in understanding the
diversity of life.
• Plants and animals are grouped based on their
features.
• This system makes study of biology easier and
more organized.