The document discusses the classification of shorelines in India, highlighting D.W. Johnson's 1919 framework, which categorizes them into four types: shorelines of emergence, submergence, neutral, and compound. Additionally, it mentions F.P. Shepard's classification from 1973, dividing shorelines into primary and secondary based on their formation processes. Examples such as the Maharashtra and Goa coast are provided to illustrate these classifications.

1. CLASSIFICATION OF SHORELINES IN
INDIA
Presented By
Meghna Mitra And
Avishek Das

2. INTRODUCTION
A.Bloom said, “The shoreline is the line of
demarcation between land and water. It
fluctuates from moment to moment
influenced by waves and tides.”
“A shore or a shoreline is the fringe
of land at the edge of a large body
of water, such as an ocean, sea, or
lake. Shores are influenced by the
topography of the surrounding
landscape, as well as by water
induced erosion, such as waves.”

3. CLASSIFICATION OF SHORELINE IN INDIA
In 1919,
D.W.JOHNSON
classified
shorelines in
four categories
on the basis of
formation.
D.W.JOHNSON
CLASSIFICATION
D.W.Johnson
Classification of
Shorelines Are
Shorelines of
Emergence
Shoreline of
Submergence
Neutral
Shoreline
Compound
Shoreline

4. 1. Shorelines of Emergence
2. Shoreline of Submergence
A straight or gently curing shoreline
formed by the dominant relative
emergence of the floor of an ocean or a
lack.
A shoreline, characterized by bays
promontories and other minor features ,
formed by the dominant relative
submergence of a landmass.
Example- Maharashtra and Goa coast
Johnson divided shorelines of
submergence into two sib-
types
Ria
Shoreline
s
Fiord
Shoreline
s

5. 4. Compound Shorelines
3. Neutral Shoreline
The shorelines which are characterized by the
evidences of both sub-mergence and emergence.
Example- The west coast of India.
A shoreline the major features of which are not
a result of either submergence or emergence of
the adjacent land.Example- C.A.M.King (1972) cities the
northeast coast of INDIA as example, but
E.Ahmad (1972)
belives that India’s only netural shorelines
are deltaic.
Johnson identified six types of shorelines
under this category depending on the nature
of deposited materials
1.Delta
shoreline
2.Alluvial plain
shoreline
3.Out wash
plain shoreline
4.Volcanic
shoreline
5.Coral reef
shoreline
6.Fault
shoreline

6. F.P.Shepard presented the classification of shoreline in
1973 the divided shorelines into two broad categories
on the basis of process and agents of their formation
and development.
F.P.SHEPARD CLASSIFICATION
F.P.Shepard
Classification of
Shoreline
Primary
Shoreline or
Youthful
Shoreline
Secondary or
Mature Shoreline